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4 dosy En kls nd? Mu Gll Elk M0hnds SGE Mlhndslk $gn v glgn Fk knolojnn glgms 2 3 hmonk blgn (s$ l blk, y lkn unln (dyo, so, IGBT") v munun dsosyon u$m- fk gkl): Bu dlg fo- knolo l blk vlmzd, gylmzd vb Yld kondnso, slf gb Psf sn sbp oln blqnd' V dv lmnlnn, kullnd- dkk dls ml blgn kullnln kpmnl ggd dh qok lkklkonk kpmn gmk- $mz chzl ng dlms l bb km dlg shp Yn glgm fkns fknsn go 3 k fkns fomund Yukd gosln 150 Hz d Bu duum b fn hymz kolylgkn, dg fn d kpmnln' l l yuknd d gqn m dl sns'n spml No: H blqnn fkns blgn sys x 50 Hz'd' Yn omln olqulp kyddlms v dndn PC Y mydn glmy bqlmg- bslndkl kyngn nj 3 blgn qn 3x50 =150 Hz' klsn kq dh duyl klk nlz dlms gkmkd' Bu olgm qn l v bu mnkl qlqn d- b $oyl k; Y lkn lmn- 5 blgn qn 5x50=250 Hz g- olmsn sbp olmkd' Enj kls dnd$nd lk q$dk bnz b Pof $ dv lmnl gbk olk bgok kgnn kln (sold) vy Pno P (s6d) glmn kpk bll lkld kullnl dolys 9- dlg foml dh fzl bl- Gnl olk dsosyonlu hmonkl glmkd, nck n kls dd$mz Enj kls l lgl kml bkdn qkkl klm h s"nd"n oluqmkdl' 1, 3' nj nlzo kullnlbl' gy sdc hmonkldn ulusl s snd bulunmkdlvs l km hgb zmn $ls blgnl hp k syd fzd dvml dgld, dol- S,, g,11, 15 gb Dkk d- b d$ld kl 1 d blln gkld sns olmz AE0dk gkld sbb; Fou nlz slsln- dvm mkdl' Bunun Enj kls; lm d$l ulusls snd ool fndn bllnmg, ol- OG v AG dgm ssml- b moo hz konol unsd qf blnln 0 d$n 1- EN 50160: qln vy hsplnn nd mgy vln glmn kl kksklnkmnn gbkdn gk$ Eg b dlg fomu qlmlnnn vy 6 Puls Pml dgln lml b UPS gg ykn b d$ lmsd dhlnd olup olmmsl cluumudu Bu olglln vy hkns, dlg fomu, 3 fz g- dlg fomunun + v - l- bll Bu Pml f- km dlg fomu golmk- d gf blnld vs bu d splnn Pml q$dk gkld ozlnbl' lmn smsd AYc bun nnsls sms kybolmug dmk v bu qok hl- pmln lm d$l Tnm 2: d bu snd l bllnmg bozunum u$mg (dsoskl b duumdu' D$ b Non-ln Yk: $bkdn Akm-GlmHmonkl d$gl ssmd DC blgn Sgs & Swlls yonlu) qkld km gkn l bulunmkd Tnsn 2- lec Flck ( ): Ad^k &l$ Lllunu llnnn * ykld No-ToPk s Elkomgnk uyumluluk Ponsyl fkl (EMC)- P 4-30: Ts v ol- An4\,--'I: l :: l- :s so :: Akm v glm fz dngszl$ (3 Fzl Yukl qn) Fkns d$9m K fko qm knkl - gg kls olgm knkl Skl 2 Bozulmug (dsosyon umy fum dlg fomu) TFl:um&* nph lsm n - AKIM VE GERILIM $kl 4: Tk k hmonl HARMONIKLERI PEKI BU HARMONIK AKIM- qlml D$ b d$9l' nj kls bgoklnn bld$ gb sol vy UPS gb kynk- Yn Bu hmonk qlml ldl qld gbk, jn- LARI NASIL HESAPLANIR? Onclkl dsosyonlu b dc hmonkldn b ldn bslnn Ykln b oplm olqln RMS kmn dlg fomu bqok dlg fomunun blqm gklnd dnq yk gb Y d d$ yuzds olk XY ksnnd d$ld Enj klsnn lml dhlnd olup olmd$nn nl- $u yn gbk/jnodnonk q$d vlmq' b dggl ln b Yk oldu- b dygm olk d gos olugmkd' Bun bs b lbl bun b onk d q mk qn konu hkknd uzmnlgmg b mhnds - n dlgu fomund km 11,"'' Skll'd d gosld$ gb $dk qkld vlmg' l,, fndn uygun olqu l/l- gkkl kbul dl v gnld m lkksl hsplm- -l- ",117^',llg^"'* ll v lll "lll I,,,," ' l Innd $k l bu vsymll YPl' 3 DsosYonlu b dlg fomunu oluqun mnl Skl 5 Hmonk blgnl Skln sol flnd dsosyon ugm,q Tnlm 1 vl 1 ml blgnn XY dzl bozu- ol l::t,l:91193

5 d osy HARMONIKLER NE ZAMAN dl kyn$n oluqumuq odu$u dl glm bozuk 7 Hmonkl kmln gm nss -ougu' =^[H{** HE *'+ H" ZARARLI OLUR? Budn d golc$ gb Tlo I Jno gcnn qlm dlg fomunun opm oln v b mk dso- sol flndn komp kl kf guql konc %20 sndn fzls bu P hmonk kmln ks llnd syon u$m9 b glm l dlmdklndn CosO hmonk blqnln b 9kld fl dlms RMS olk qkln kmn dgmsn Bu bozuk glm l bslnn u 'nn fkl d$ld s hmonk kml zl bslnck kyms) l ggk guq f olmy bqlyck' sbp olck (H3""Hn Yok ykld, glmdk bozulmnn %S'n zn gkms um fzldn gkln msn ndn olul' Bu Glmd s uluslsl olc$ qn) Fk bu dqg sndl %5 olk bllnmg Bu ndnl glm duumund b km vl guc fd d dh gok kf njln duqmln sbp olu Yn hmon$ g b ss mydn glck' 8 Fzldn gkln klf gg olk qok fzl b gq, fold hss %S'n fzl s o ss hlk gg kznc s$lmz' lnd dmk Glm hmon$ ssnzd h9 hmo- Bunl; f uko kyplnn m Hmonkldn bhsdlkn b km ml d k- Elkonk kld zl ndn olc$ndn, f nk km qkn Yk olms bl qv fbkld Yklu Mkn / ghzn hl qlgms Pow suppiy Ynm- l ndn olck' dn ss glmsn v s gmlz qk' Bunldn n onmll; mkd hmonk km qkn ykln bulunms duu- l$nl v kl no ld 9 Hmonkl kmlni Toplm hmonk dsosyonu kmd vy glmd; mund bl OG vy AG h Glmdn bqk dsosyonlu klmn Yc$ bz kk no lkn l c bunun nlm km v glm zndn sz klybl' lkn snd b g dlg fomundk snsn sounl d q$d vlmg ck Bu d lkonkc fk olugmsn ndn spm d$nn YUzdsnn HARMONIKLERIN n oldugudu 1 Akmdk hmonk, kuulu $oyl hspln; ZARARLARI NELERDIR? ld Ynlq qlgm v ' $bk / jnodn qkln lkk ssm gnlnd Eok l ndn olck' ;;;ne bu dsosyonlu kml b byk d$l ulq$ k- L 10 UPS v jnol H' "" = I00 -=---n mld glm bozulm 1 k,m olumsuz kl sbp d glm bozulmsn ndn olbl(anlk dh ols) dk k v m Yk 9 olu Bm % olk fd dl' $oyl k; 2 Hmonkl klml ssmdn fzldn km gklms- mm Jno / gbk Glmnn bozulms; Poblml' Cs ko: Dlg fomunun n ndn olul Bu d ssmn vmszlqmsn ndn NE YAPMALI? AgQdk gkl d b-no I sok'nn b fzll k p dq EPnd' Yn; EQ dlg fomu snus (dl) v ole0ln RMS km vy 3 Fzldn gkln km kb- Hmonkln zl olu ndn kounmnln n h dygm gollmkd' yolu, bu gn uzmn b Bu k h dygmndn d glm 100 (mp vy vol) lolnn slnmsln ndn olu' vy kuuluq b olqln zlnblc$ gb jno / s bu dlg fomunun p qnku hmonkl kml mmn kf gq gkl' p ssk ols ks gbknn sf q dn l j dg 100x1,41=141'd' Fk dg fomu sn0s d$l Ayc bu kml Yksk f- n hkknd b Po dl olk qkq glmn sd Eg olumsuzluk1 vn b mk's vd' Fk hgb kynk dl kynk d dsosyon u$me b knsl blqnl qdklndn (3 Blqn 150 Hz,5' Bl- ck b k soz konusu dlg fomund s bu duumd go$unlukl bu P dgn 250 H2') kblold d- hmonk flsyonu d$ld v b q kyp soz konuudu Bu g kyp q$dk gkld Z olk gosl- mk n klc Yoldu' g gpn fkl b d$ ksnn oluqmsn ndn olk kqmz qk' Bu b olul D ksndn doly 6z: PC qn 2,5u' Yn 100 A qkn b PC Ylknn km dld$ndn kblo ks dg v mg v b dng l bun kblonun dq YzY kullnl- MYdn glms I s b$l b mpdnsn olu$mkdl ml zl (kl): g fomund P d$ 250 kblol sn A'd Fk" 100 A Yk qkn SnkonzsYon v I 4 Hmonkl kml kullndkl bdk d$ chzl poblml, gksz v ln b Yuk oln dk ml, Ydnlm ss yol ln b mooun P d- l zonns gm sk oluguul Bu duumd ssm- g lslnm, kps $ gpn 1,41 olc$ndn n mknl (moo bu d$ 141'd' lg glln gksz Y Plmsn o), glq foll v n dn gok Yksk kml Eklcgndn kbloln v gl knnd om kslm kbloln v foln snmsln sbp oln olumsuz dv ksclnn qms n- mlzmlnn Ynms vy Hmonsn kyn{ Enj kyn$n b$ k d budu csnd ssmn v YPmsn v 9 kybyl bb ld kullnln glg l $ kpmnl (v gkl 6 KYnk k h gms mdd kypl ndn olbll HARMONIK AKIM QEKEN v sk ko YUKLER NELERDIR? PC'l, dmm ss Dolys l dsosyonlu b 5 Hmonkl kml ssmdn qkln RMS kmndn Hmonk km qkn Yukl kynk mknl, km kn Y d d$ b d- k bz onkl q$d vlmg zsyon ssm $gl ugln ln olmyn gok dh vkl b$lnmg oln Du gc Yuksk P d$ (cs fko) gdkln- gk 6lglms hz konol nl dnq

6 dosy olvl ml olk Ynl gy- dn'sg' olyln kompn- nl nkonnk ssmd ypln mnvl' kon- Ekl: 6z: 1 L 'swl vy Tkq d z dmzl, bu d lko- l n glm dbs-yksl-nms,'g' s n glm dun sbby v' kms, ks dvl-yldllm kpmnn (v Ypmsldnsoln dvy gp lgm v d ssml sounl, lkk l bsl ssd H k oly d ml- nos Tolns $s ou uu klmlndn doly m chzld g g,uny"" qnd mydn glm<o' Tml olk gnl glm oln YUzd' YY Cpco Schng Tnnl' cmnl DkY ksn nom- ydn glmkdl' b$l zl" Kyn0: E ndkf kkskl Y lmdk d$gmln'sgs' v ksjn d olyn susnfd n nhlnmsl' Kls 'swlls' olylndn b olk kbul dlblms qn b lkonk kpmn $nn mkd Y dzyn dlmq 3; v mosfk olyl (1 flml olyn 100 msn'dn dh ks Olglms Gkn solund kln olyld z An 10 slms gk' E$ glm gomms gk' ml: vkslms 100 msn'dn dh uzun suuyo s q g- Yukdk gkldn d zlnblc$ glm nsnl yklgl v s-s (bunu Tnsnn mksmum No Eg, sgs, swlls' v lm vy glm d ns n ol YI n n 7 mkd " o"' ks zmnld yksk onklm msn'dn dh uzun syo mvdn gll' shp b olq chzln h s dquf< glm dgms C"* nsnlnd 2 duum soz konusudu: Bunl; vd) 6z: olk dlndl' Sg' olyl bklnmdk Ekl: FLICKER n l< glndn ongn; Elkonk 0nldk Y Dsk fkns nsnl: Flck; nsnl v kk ks dv, byk g0el moolln s lms' zs- Kyn0: lkn zll SkqY Hz'lk blgnldn mnl lmbl k n"yd"n gll v kpsoln dvy gmsndn spsfc b kd' Gn An v blok olk dvy gn Yukl, s ln bly'k qlm dgmu v Yu nsln dvy gms v kvnklnl' KPsl I kglmkl blk n b gkld kynk mpdnsnn qndn kynkl- I qll mool"" dvv gd$nd dgm bbndn fkl olyl I 6sn" Gkn,"nO"[ ndknsll nsnl Ydnlm ss n AYn gkld 'Swll' P- I olyl s ssmdn bklnm- ml: +OO-OOO Hz l$nd klgm gk jsl olk z- olvlnn kq son < nd mydn gln dk n Ylk zlms' 'Sg' 'Swll' glm v olylnn mnl zln b dlg fomu hsssl' Bu oly g qulolnn bozulmsn- mksmum dql' sus oluquul Ks sll ol myan gln bu Pk dl- vml olk (PYod b Poblm vy kopmsln- vuksk onklm fknsn cok ks sl qn Ou-n uvu no lknndk v k dd (bunun qn shp b ole chzn hyq g fomu od S"^1: slp lglms l m dn kynkln' vd) 9":""1 gl Bu ndnl Yd ssmlnd mydn Tpk b glm 'sg' oly 6nlm: 1 m dg fomu Pk d$nn UPS, sk glm glo I k'n'g"emz' FkPk blck flck olyl onflf<l gek glm dllu f omun Pk dgnn TRANSIENT 'lzo - d uulms gkm ssmn dm konc Tkq kql$ gqc jml %140' sndd' Aq$dk gkl 60 \\ Bz ozl duumld ssmdk d$ kondnsoln dmk lmbd mydn g 'sg' k olynn d$9m Glmdk olyl ddm ssmndk n gok k- uk,n'n vy glmn noml,"onunu gms l gok d- Rd,nOn d nlqlc$ gb oosmkd' Bu m n k Pm leln olyln bqnd g- syndn bkq PYod bouun"u,ups nlmn gllh yksk d$l ulgb- Kyn0 dh Eok nl ddm gkd' Bununl u", dh qok glm 'sg' mkd DolYs l bud Bu ndnld k duqk f un"nln' CPs- Mgnlud ld; d gqn sl nno sny of h \ohg olvl bnnn gndk oly- sny l$ndk slldj "n, nhlm nsnl d dn ;;"; kvnkln' 6ngn' bn g kblolmd mydnu gun glm 'sg' olyl- s ln bylk b moo Akm nsnl gnllkl Yksk fkns nsnl: Yd dvy gn Yksk gg- BkgYz khz'lk blqnl-,nu- "n buyk mnl' buzk ndkf Ykldn kynu un, Aq$d dk Yol dn mydn gll v Yldm dgms vy ndkf fkns 1- MYdn gln d dolplnn v klmln dvv gms gb olyld Glm 'sg' vkln dvdn Qlkmsln- 2- Dgn vy Yuks oln b mooun klkq km olyl gnllkl kko flmnl lmb- f kns nsnln' sug' IEEE sndlnnd nsn v noml jmn dn kyn<lnl' Yksk lmn svys ulsms gozlmlnmkd' l, flosn lmbl' mool v scld b soun Cm nsnl s' km spk v mpuls gb sml l lgl b lm d nsnln go qok dh vl Gnllkl oluqum sul mko snyl svy- IEC sndllnd l mmg skl mz Elkonk kphzl olvld' Glm ns- -Lnd, b glm 'sg' lnd kn sonmlnm sul 10 mko snydn Yz- dlmg vys 2 Pm l olvnd nj dpolm kblv olmmsndn doly c mkosny svyl- PST (ks don

7 dosy lnnfmonzs, g U b o l n * Uunlnz klyn * Vdolonz klyn HmnklfqlmqyobogloYn! gdunyoslnn ucsz ssndn olgve szd yoolonln l hssslkon mld no-opk :, ' * + -\ voljn 1-2 Y'dn fz { _, : - m m s s n E $, sk b no-opk 1J volj v s bu P Y sk sk v Yql n o m l E l g m l s l d $ o l kk b u l d l ol d P L T( u z u nd o n m f l c k ) s ks kk l l n m l kglgl s P S Td g l n n2 s l k d $ l n d n l d d Bll: l ( 1 2 P S T d $ n nb Sv v lkon l l g l ph s p l n m s mldkllnm o l u g u ) k n l n d k Y m I E C f2l c k u Y U m m,s k s k z l u l u k s v y s n q $ d k l k o n kk l g k l d f d d : sbpl: Olugun K s d o n m f l c k g n z n d n k n N o uyumluluk svys (Ps) 10'd U z u n d o n m f l c k g n O l g l m s g k n ml: uyumluluk svys (Ps) F z l d k 3 H m o n 0,8d k l f, z k m d n g g l no uzndn 6z: l n s n l z n d k k- k m Onlml: l: F z l dn n g l y k l s B g g s k, z g n l k, F z l d k3 H m o n o b l v b k l n fn l l n m Bll: A y d n l m s s m l n d g k s v y s n d ks k l A K I M V E G E R I L I M (3 I d g g k l vk P C k n l n - D E N G E S I Z L I G I YUKLERlQlN) d m F l c k ' l o l u g u n s - E n j s s m l n d k q l q l sno u n l bpl: A k o c k l,l z P n g n d g l O z l l k l ; k z l g b 1 f z l Y u l,k l m s s m l Olqllmsgkn P- g o k o l d u $ u Y l k m l g d $ l ml: K s d o n m f l c k ( P S T )v q n n o z n d n k m k m s n d o l u z u n d o n m f l c k ( P L T ) n o z n d g l m m s n v f z l Y u k ARASI NOTRTOPRAK glmnnd$ f POTANSIYELFARKI N o - T o p ka s g l m o n l d l g m s n I n g o k k g l l g l n n j o l u E $ f z g k l s p o b l m d 2 s - s n d b d n g olu sbu duumd b b b u l u n u 1 - F z l s n d kd n g - y k l d s o u n l Y 9 s z l k nd o l y n o l k n l B u n u n n b l n n< z n d n k n y u k s k 3 f z l m o o l nv u qlgmsd kml b l o l s 2 - F z l d n g l 3 H m o n kv k l n d n F R E K A N SD E G I $ l M l d o l y n o, z n d nk n F k n sd $ q m d y u k s k f k n s l h m o n k n n s o u n l d nb c k n sd $ g mg n l l kml b s m n k bkdn d$l Y Bud E$ b dnq zndn kynk oln jn k m k l s b u d n g U P S ' l ng k g n dy V=lZ fomlunas