SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SOME HEAVY METALS (NI, MN, CU) IN DRINKING WATER WITH GIS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION IN TURKEY (1)

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1 ACED UHMFD ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ MÜHENDİSLİK VE FEN BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ International Refereed Journal of Engineering And Sciences SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SOME HEAVY METALS (NI, MN, CU) IN DRINKING WATER WITH GIS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE CENTRAL ANATOLIA REGION IN TURKEY (1) İÇME SULARINDAKI BAZI AĞIR METALLERİN (NI, MN, CU) CBS YARDIMIYLA MEKANSAL ANALİZLERİ: TÜRKIYE NİN ANADOLU BÖLGESİNDEN ÖRNEK BİR ÇALIŞMA Serpil SAVCI 1, M. Cüneyt BAĞDATLI 2 1 Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Architecture, Bozok Unirsity, Yozgat / Turkey 2 Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Architecture, Unirsity of Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli, Nevşehir / Turkey Öz: Bu çalışma Türkiye nin İç Anadolu Bölgesinde yeralan Yozgat il merkezindeki bazı içme suyu kaynaklarında ağır metal içeriklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Su örnekleri yedi farklı içme suyu kaynaklarından temin edilmiş bu örneklerde Nikel (Ni), Bakır (Cu) Mangan (Mn) analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada asıl amaçlanan Yozgat il merkezindeki bazı önemli içme suyu kaynaklarındaki ağır metal kirliliğini iki farklı dönemdeki (Mart Temmuz 2014) değişim seyrini ortaya koymaktır. Su örneklerinde ağır metal derişiminin belirlemek için start metod kullanılmış Nikel, Bakır Mangan değerlerinin belirlenmesinde atomik adsorbsiyon spektrometresinden faydalanılmıştır. Mart Temmuz dönemlerinde alınana örneklerde ayrı ayrı olmak üzere yapılan analizler sonucunda ortalama Cu: mg/l, Mn: mg/l, Ni: mg/l tespit edilmiştir. Örnek alınan tüm içme sularındaki Ni, Mn Cu değerleri belirlenen sınırların altında tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen tüm değerler Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, Çevre Koruma Ajansı Avrupa Komisyonu ile Türk İçme Suyu Startları (TS-266) nın belirttiği sınırlar dahilinde yer almaktadır. Elde edilen tüm değerler mekansal olarak faklı iki dönemde Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) yardımıyla analiz edilmiş mekansal dağılım haritaları ortaya konulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: İçme Suyu Kalitesi, Ağır Metal, CBS, Yozgat, Türkiye Abstract: This study was conducted to determine some of the heavy metals in some drinking water sources in Central Anatolia Region (Yozgat District) in Turkey. Water samples were taken from sen drinking water supplies. In the water samples, nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn) copper (Cu) analysis were performed in Centrum of Yozgat City. The aim of this work is based on the research of heavy metal pollution in important water resources indifferent periods (March-June 2014). Stard methods were used for determining of chemical characteristics of the water samples. Ni, Mn Cu contents of the drinking water samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The data showed the variation of the instigated parameters in water samples as follows: Cu: mg/l, Mn: mg/l, Ni: mg/l in arage for March-June periods. Ni, Mn Cu concentrations in all the drinking water samples from Yozgat were below the detection limit. The concentrations of instigated parameters in the drinking water samples from Yozgat were within the permissible limits of the World Health Organization drinking water quality guidelines, Turkish drinking water stards (TS- 266), US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Europen Comission (EC). Obtained some heavy metals lels in drinking water samples are evaluated as spatial with Geography Information Systems (GIS). Change periods of some heavy metal lels in drinking water ha been mapped spatially in two different periods. Key Words: Drinking Water Quality, Heavy Metal, GIS, Yozgat Province, Turkey Doi: /IIB (1) Sorumlu Yazar: Cüneyt BAĞDATLI, Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Architecture, Unirsity of Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli, Nevşehir / Turkey cuneytbagdatli@gmail.com Geliş Tarihi / Receid: Kabul Tarihi/ Accepted: Makalenin Türü: Type of Article (Araştırma Uygulama / Research -Application) Çıkar Çatışması / Conflict of Interest: Yok / None Etik Kurul Raporu Yok None of Ethics Committee (Araştırmada Kurum İzni Var / Yok) YOK The Research Council Permit Yes / No NO 65

2 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) 1. INTRODUCTION There is growing interest in metal contamination in the aquatic environment. Input of metals into to aquatic environment is often accompanied by other environmental pollutants such as macronutrient, aquatic flora fauna which, in turn, may enter into the human food chain result in health problems. Heavy metals enter an aquatic environment from a variety of sources both natural anthropogenic. The main anthropogenic Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz sources of heavy metal contamination are mining, smelting activities use of heavy metal-containing fertilizer pesticides in agricultural fields. The concentration of most of the metals in rirs is mostly derid from rock soil (Nouri et al.,2008;. Reza et al.,2006; Macklin et al., 2006).The evaluation the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices of water quality in most countries has become a critical issue in recent years. Water quality monitoring is a helpful tool both evaluate the impacts of pollution sources to ensure an efficient management of water resources the protection of aquatic life (Strobl et al., 2008). Copper is ry common metal that ochcurs naturally in the environment. It is applied both industries agriculture. Copper can be released into the environment by both natural sources human activities. High intakes of copper can cause lir kidney damage en death. EPA does not classify copper as a human carcinogen because there are no adequate human or animal cancer studies. Nicel is a shiny white metal in the water. Major source is leaching from metals in contact with drinking water such as pipes fittings. En though nicel for drinking water can cause serious lung kidney problems; the major concern about nicel is its carcinogenic properties (Maher et al., 2014). Manganese (Mn) occurs naturally in many surface water groundwater sources. It is often present in drinking water sources in the reduced Mn (II) or oxidized Mn (IV) form. Hower, human activities are also responsible for much of the manganese contamination in water in some areas. Manganese in drinking water can cause neurotoxic effects in children (Hoyl et al., 2014). In this study, copper, manganese nickel in drinking water samples from the water sources in Yozgat. They were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Chemical properties of the samples were also determined by using stard analytical methods. Obtained some heavy metals lels in drinking water samples are evaluated as spatial with Geography Information Systems (GIS). Change periods of some heavy metal lels in drinking water ha been mapped spatially in two different periods. The present study is designed to instigate the concentration of heavy metals in drinking water, possible sources of contami- 66

3 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) nation their respecti potential health risks in Yozgat in Turkey. 2. MATERIALS METHODS 2.1. Study Area Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi yönünde hareket edilmiş olup, yapılan istatistik bulgulara figure 1. göre de sonuca gidilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz Yozgat is a city in the Middle Anatolia Region of Turkey. The city is located at an elevation of 4,380 ft (1,335m), situated 170km east of Ankara, near the head of a narrow valley through which the Ankara Sivas road Figure 1. The Location of The Study Area runs. Like much of the Anatolian Plateau, the ls around Yozgat ha been deforested or thouss of years of human habitation. According to 2009 census, population of the district is 113,614 of which 73,835 li in the city of Yozgat (Anonymous, 2012). The main income is agriculture in the city. The location of the study area shown on the map gin in the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 67

4 2.2. Sampling Points UHMFD International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) This research was carried out Central Anatolia Region in Yozgat Province of Turkey. Samples were taken sen points from drinking Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü water resources in Yozgat Centrum. These points are Asagi Nohutlu District, Camlik Place, Eski Bazar District, Fatih District, Golet Cesmesi District, Karayollari Disctrict Ofis Ustu District (Figure 2). Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi Figure 2. Sample Points of Drinking Water konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 2.3. Analysis of Drinking Water The drinking water samples were collected in pre-washed (doubly de-ionised distilled water, diluted HNO 3 doubly de-ionised distilled water, respectily) polyethylene bottles from 7 stations in Yozgat in March- June One liter of each water sample was taken in duplicate at two different sampling periods. The samples were obtained directly from the water pump after allowing the water to run for at least twenty minutes. The samples for metal determinations were stored in 1 liter polyethylene bottles acidified to %1 with nitric acid. These samples were subsequently stored at 4 0 C for as short a time as possible before anal- 68

5 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) ysis to minimize physicochemical changes. The analysis for the chemical parameters of the samples were carried out following the established analytical methods. Copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) were determined Stard Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü metod (SM) 3111B nickel (Ni) were determined SM 3113B [Anonymous, 1998a). Drinking water stards of heavy metals for WHO, TS-266, EPA EC are summarized in Table 1. Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz Table 1. Drinking Water Stards (Anonymous, 1999; 2005; 2002; 1998b) 2.4. Spatial Analysis with GIS The spatial analysis within a geographic information system (GIS) environment makes it possible to be more visual evaluation of the data. Each kind of data obtained is extremely the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices important to assess, depending on the nue. The data is presented graphically as a secondplace throw the concept plan. Evaluation of the data may be provided as well as spatial estimation of the unknown point. In this study, where the drinking water samples were taken for spatial analysis get the coordinates with GPS. Get the coordinates are transferred to the GIS software (Arc GIS 10.3 ). There are many methods used in the evaluation of the data obtained spatially. Such as IDW, Kriging Spline interpolation method. To evaluation as spatial of samples water drinking is used spline interpolation method. This method creates a resilient surface as if stretching along the surface of known points. The method would be made available to estimate low high value-added data. Spline Interpolation generates more apropriate surface than IDW interpolation method. Spatially smooth surfaces produced by the data obtained in this method. Spline is preferred for spatial analysis in this study. (Franke, 1982; Mitas et. al., 1988; Wahba, 1980; Naoum, RESULTS This research has maked to evaluate copper, nickel manganese amounts of drinking water in March June 2014 periods as spatial with GIS in Yozgat centrum. For this purpose, sen water samples taken from the drinking water source. The Ni, Cu, Mn elements amount in water samples collected March period are gin in the table 2. 69

6 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Table 2. Analysis of Drinking Water Samples Taken In March 2014 Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz Copper concentration in drinking water samples taken up to Ofis Ustu District (0.007 mg/l) is the highest values the lowest value obserd in the Fatih District (0.001 mg/l) in March period. The highest in the manga s concentration on Asagi Nohutlu district (0.04 mg/l) the lowest value calculated in Ofis Ustu District (0.030 mg/l). As a result of analysis performed at the highest nickel concentrations were determined in Ofis Ustu District (0.004 mg/l). it is seen that the minimum nickel concentration in Asagi Nohutlu District (0.001 mg/l). As a result, the arage of samples taken from sen different sources of water drinking water, copper, manganese, nickel ration was found respectily ( mg/l, mg/l, mg/l). the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices Table 3. Analysis of Drinking Water Samples Taken In June 2014 As a result, the arage of samples taken from sen different sources of water drinking water, copper, manganese, nickel ratios was found respectily ( mg/l, mg/l mg/l). Spatial distribution maps of Cu in the urban areas of Yozgat are 70

7 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) presented in Figure 3-4 for March June. According to the results of the spatial analysis of copper, concentrations of copper showed an increasing trend towards the northerly points (6 7 points). The arage copper Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü concentration has remained at mg/l. The reason for more in the northern parts of the copper concentration are six sen sources fed from different places Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz Figure 3. Copper s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During March the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 71

8 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Figure 4. Copper s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During June Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices Spatial distribution maps of Mn in the urban areas of Yozgat are presented in Fig Manganese lels were found to be in the range of mg/l. The highest manganese lel was found in Ofis Ustu as mg/l The concentrations of Mn for Ofis Ustu were abo the permitted lels of the EPA. 72

9 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Figure 5. Manganese s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During March Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 73

10 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Figure 6. Manganese s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During June Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices The spatial distributions of Ni are shown in the maps (Fig 7-8). The lowest highest lels of elements detected ranged between mg/l for nicel. In this situration, Ni concentrations were found to be mg/l in June 2014 below the limit of detection. 74

11 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Figure 7. Nickel s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During June Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 75

12 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) Figure 8. Nickel s Spatial Analysis In Drinking Water Samples Taken During March Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMEN- DATIONS In this paper we studied the spatial distributions of Yozgat of heavy metals. It was found that there was no remarkable variation in the contents of heavy metals among the two months. A total of 14 water samples collected from sen different functional areas in Yozgat City were analyzed for Cu, Mn Ni. None of the drinking water samples analyzed exceeded the limit permitted by WHO, EPA, TS-266 EC. Hence, frequent monitoring of heavy metal lels will be needed for the study area. Spatial analysis with GIS performed is extremely important in determining the distribution s variability. Made this a result of spatial analysis, distribution at diffe- 76

13 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) rent points of the variability can be demonstrated visually. 5.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi şeklindedir. Farklı analiz teknikleri Start kullanılarak hazırlanan çalışmada ANOVA modeli Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının genel seviyesinde düşüş gözlendiği sonucuna (66)31-39 varılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak tüketim ANONYMOUS, (1998a). Start Methods, A.P.H.A.-A.W.W.A.W.P.C.F. Methods For The Examination Of Water Wastewater. Washington, D.C ANONYMOUS, (1998b). Council Directi 98/83/EC of 3 Nomber 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption, official journal of the European Communities L 330/42. Anonymous Guidelines for drinking-water quality World Health Organization, Geneva the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices ANONYMOUS, (2002). Ground water drinking water, Environmental Protection Agency, U.S ANONYMOUS, (2005). Türk Stardı 266, insani tüketim amaçlı sular hakkında yönetmelik, sular içme kullanma suları, Türk Stardları, Ankara. (in Turkish) ANONYMOUS, (2012). Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. wiki/yozgat Access: FRANKE R., (1982). Smooth Interpolation of Scattered Data by Local Thin Plate Splines, Journal of Computation Mathematics with Applications, 8, HOYLAND, V.W., KNOCKE, W. R., FAL- KİNHAM III J. O., PRUDEN, A., SİNGH, G., (2014). Effect of drinking water treatment process parameters on biological removal of manganese from surface water. Water research MACKLİN, M.G., BREWER, P.A., HUD- SON-EDWARDS K.A., BİRD, G., CO- ULTHARD, T.J., DENNİS, I. A., LECHLER, P.J., MİLLER, J.R., TUR- NER, J.N., (2006). A geomorphological approach to the management of rirs contaminated by metal mining. Geomorphology, pp. (79) MAHER, A., SADEGHİ, M., MOHEB, A., (2014). Heavy metal elimination from drinking water using nanofiltration membrane technology process optimization using response surface methodology. Desalination 352: MITAS L. MITASOVA, H., (1988). General Variational Approach to the Interpolation Problem, Journal of Computation Mathematics with Applications, 16,

14 International Uluslararası Refereed Hakemli Journal Mühendislik of Researches on Fen Economy Bilimleri Management Dergisi October International / Nomber / Refereed December Journal 2014 Issue: of Engineering 02 Volume: And 01 Autumn SciencesWinter No / Document ISO No / Document S) STROBL, R.O., ROBİLLARD, P.D., (2008). Network design for water quality monito- ring of surface NAOUM, S., TSANIS, I. K., (2004). Ranking spatial interpolation techniques using a GIS- based DSS. Global Nest. Vol. 6, No. 1. pp NOURİ, J., MAHVİ, A.H., JAHED, G.R., BABAEİ, A.A.,( 2008). Regional distribution pattern of groundwater heavy metals resulting from agricultural activities. Environmental Geology, pp. (55) Gün Grup A.Ş. Finans Yönetmeni 1 Kilis 7 Aralık Ünirsitesi, Elektrik-Enerji Bölümü Özet : Yılları arasındaki TUİK rileri kullanılarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, sanayi konutlarda kullanılan doğalgaz ile elektrik tüketiminin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi Sanayi konutlarda tüketim aralıklarına göre elektrik doğalgaz fiyatlarının tespit edilmesi edilen bulgular sonucunda; sanayi sektörü için tüketim aralığı arttıkça, elektrik doğalgaz REZA, R., SİNGH, G.,( 2010). Heavy metal contamination its indexing approach for rir water. International Journal of Environmental Science Technology, (7), pp freshwaters: a review. Journal of Environmental Management, pp. (87) WAHBA G., (1980). Spline bases, regularization generalized cross validation for solving approximation problems with large quantities of noisy data. Unirsity of Wisconsin, Madison: Statistics Department Technical Report 597 The authors are grateful to Unirsity of Bozok The Resource Project Unit for financial support of this study. (Project no: 2014MMF/A78) the consumption of electricity natural gas used in industry houses is statistically techniques for analysis. Moreor, tests of hypothesis were applied the research was made more comprehensi. The purpose was to determine electricity natural gas prices 78