17. Takım Tezgâhlarının Dinamiği ve Otomasyonu

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1 17. Takım Tezgâhlarının Dinamiği ve Otomasyonu 17.1 Takım Tezgâhlarının Yataklaması

2 Dik Freze Modeli ve Modlar 17.3 Dik Freze Titreşimleri

4 Düşük Kesme Hızında Kararlılık 17.7 Sönümleme Etkileri

5 Kararlılık Lobları 17.9 Frezeleme SüreS reç Parametreleri

6 NC Tezgâhların Yaygınlaşma Hızı Takım Tezgâhlarının Otomasyon Araçları

7 Parti Tipi Üretimde Süreç Akışı Rijit (katı) ve Esnek Otomasyon

8 Saatçi Tornası Kam sürücülü Saatçi Tornası

9 Saatçi Tornasında Kam ile Kontrol Otomatik Torna

10 Çok Milli Torna Milli Tornada Kızak Sistemi

11 17.21 Sekiz Milli Tornada Buji İmalatı

12 Çok Milli Dik Torna Transfer hattında imal edilen bir dişli kutusu

13 Örnek bir Transfer Hattı Transmisyon Hattı

14 Time Early Industrial Revolution 2 nd World War Nümerik Kontrolün Tarihçesi 1 st modern concept 1 st effectively functioning version 1 st industrial contract Difficult years 1 st industrial success 1 st CNC Characteristic Basic Concept 2D Manual Applications Description J.Jackard s method to control textile looms by using punched cards. Parson s 2-D Coordinate table operated by two people Parsons NC proposal for milling helicopter rotor blades MIT s first NC Milling machine USAF s contract for 100 NC Milling machines to 8 co.s Big opposition against NC M/T in the contractors of USAF Point-to-point control drill pressed Storing the programs on a computer 17.27in add. to tapes. ADVANTAGES OF NC NC M/T ensure positioning accuracy and repeatibility with their DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION and CONTROLS: Good for making many of the same part. Complex shaped components can be made automatically, with high precision and reliability. Parts that require a long series of operation can be made with minimal accumulated error. NC M/T can operate in hostile and hazardous environments. Since most work is shifted to offices from the shop-floor, production can be monitored by the management directly. NC M/T mostly are capable of conducting more than one machining operation at a time or in a sequence without repeating the part set-up. Minimum idle time and increased productivity. Interchangeability of work between different production plants

Parson s 2-D Coordinate table operated by two people Parsons NC proposal for milling helicopter rotor blades MIT s first NC Milling machine USAF s contract for 100 NC Milling machines to 8 co.

15 NC MACHINE MOTIONS Kontrol TürleriT Point-to-point control system (Numerical positioning control, NPC) NC Drill presses used in drilling precise patterns of holes. Straight cut system Feed rate at each Axis is controlled İndependently, one at A time. Used in face milling, Pocketing etc. Contouring system (continuous path system) Each servo motor can be controlled in varying speeds in coordination to produce angular lines and curves. Some simpler systems of this type use the method of breaking down the curved into smaller linear segments which are connected to each other in a tip-to-tail fashion. 15

Straight cut system Feed rate at each Axis is controlled İndependently, one at A time. Used in face milling, Pocketing etc.

16 Noktadan Noktaya ve Sürekli S Kontur Kontrolü Bilgisayarlı Nümerik Kontrol CNC was first introduced in 1970 by replacing the hardwired MCU of a conventional NC system by a microcomputer which accomplishes all the functions of an MCU with its software. What is new? Feed rate control, buffering, position loop control... Ability to edit and store programs Ability to produce punched (or magnetic) tapes, diskettes etc. Expanded tool offsets Expanded control of machine-sequence operations Digitizing Circular and more advanced (NURBS etc.) interpolation Parametric programming Do loops Roughnening to a defined shape Subroutines Diagnostic capability On-screen geometric programming

functions of an MCU with its software. What is new? Feed rate control, buffering, position loop control.

17 CNC Torna TT nın Dinamiği ve Otomasyonu Kasım 2008 TT nın Dinamiği ve Otomasyonu Kasım

18 CNC Sistem Şeması

19 CNC Sistem Elemanları Tape (Media) Reader (electromechanical, electromegnetic, optical etc.) Machine Control Unit (MCU, sends conrol signals to servomechanism) Servomechanism(s) (amplify signals from the MCU, and send them to servomotors) Controlled element (tool, turret, M/T table: the numerically controlled part of M/T) Feedback unit (records the achieved tool movement and send them to the MCU) nn Trapez Vida yerine Bilyalı Vida

MCU, and send them to servomotors) Controlled element (tool, turret, M/T table: the numerically controlled part

20 Nümerik Kontrolde Bilgi AkışŞeması Doğrusal İnterpolasyon

21 Dairesel İnterpolasyon Konum Servo Mekanizması

22 Döner ve Doğrusal Enkoder Adaptif Kontrol

23 Adaptif Kontrolde Kesme Kuvveti Ölçümü CNC Konstrüksiyonu

24 Takım Değiştirme Çok Milli CNC Freze

25 Esnek İmalat Sistemleri Esnek İmalat Sistemleri

26 Örnek FMS Örnek FMS

27 Örnek FMS

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