MODAL AUXILIARIES & SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS PART I

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1 MODAL AUXILIARIES & SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS PART I SET 1 1. The company had sent the advertisement to the newspaper when they realised they d mistyped the salary they were offering for the position. Luckily, they ---- the newspaper to correct their mistake before they printed it. A) could have asked B) were able to ask C) must have asked D) were supposed to ask E) might have asked 2. A: I wish I hadn t criticised Mark s drawings yesterday because he hasn t spoken to me today. Do you think he ll come to my party on Friday? B: Possibly, he ---- you by then. A) has forgiven B) was able to forgive C) might have forgiven D) must have forgiven E) used to forgive 3. Since the day his manager transferred him to the foundry section of the steel works, he ---- safety goggles. A) will be wearing B) has had to wear C) ought to wear D) must have worn E) is wearing 4. A: This student has circled the mistakes in the text, but he hasn t corrected them, so he ll only get half marks. B: He ---- the instructions properly. A) would rather not read B) had better not read C) needn t have read D) shouldn t have read E) must not have read 5. As a single woman, Lucy ---- quite a lot of money on clothes, jewellery and cosmetics, but now married with two children, she can t spare so much money on them. A) might spend B) had spent C) would rather spend D) would spend E) should have spent 6. A: Are you going to enroll on the second course when we finish this one? B: I don t know. It s tiring coming every day after work. I ---- a month before I start the second course. A) may wait B) am supposed to wait C) have waited D) have to wait E) could have waited 7. James will book the hotel rooms for the German representatives and you ---- them at the airport at eight o clock. Is that clear? A) have met B) can meet C) are to meet D) had met E) would meet lending me $20 so that I don't have to give the taxi a $100 dollar note? A) Would you like B) Would you rather C) Would you mind D) Had you better E) Do you mind if 9. A: Jack doesn t work for a computer company, so why has he gone to the computer exhibition? B: I don t know. He ---- interested in buying a computer to use at home or perhaps he s thinking of starting his own company. A) must be B) has to be C) will be D) ought to be E) could be 10. You ---- anything to me. If you want to spend virtually your entire wages on lottery tickets, then that s up to you. A) couldn t have explained B) don t have to explain C) weren t able to explain D) shouldn t have explained E) weren t supposed to explain 51

2 11. You ---- anything until after your operation. The nurses will tell you when it is all right. A) needn t eat B) don t have to eat C) couldn t eat D) mustn t eat E) might not eat 12. Oh dear, my fruit cake is a little too sweet. I the amount of sugar I add to the mixture next time. A) have been reducing B) should have reduced C) will have to reduce D) have had to reduce E) must be reducing 13. Isn t it great that Tim and Sue have given up smoking? The both ---- too much. A) used to smoke B) ought to be smoking C) must be smoking D) would rather smoke E) have been smoking 14. A: What s happened to Mr. Meyer? B: He s ill in hospital. They ---- keep him in overnight, and if they do, he ---- travel back to Germany tomorrow morning. A) may / won t be able to B) would / ought not to C) shall / doesn t have to D) can / couldn t E) ought to / didn t use to 15. A: ---- we paint the kitchen this weekend? B: We could, but I ---- wait until the weather gets better because we ll have to open the windows. A) Ought / prefer B) May / must C) Can / would like D) Shall / would sooner E) Would / had better 16. A: I couldn t persuade John to come to the match with us. He said he couldn t afford it. B: You ---- to lend him the money. A: I did, but he said he ---- borrow any money at the moment. A) have offered / ought not to B) could have offered / would rather not C) may have offered / used not to D) must have offered / wouldn t like E) can offer / had better not I ask you a favour? ---- you work on Thursday night this week instead of Friday night? A) Can / Did B) Would / Will C) May / Could D) Might / Shall E) Must / Would 18. Amy Johnson, the first woman pilot who ---- from England to Australia, ---- several times during her flight to fill her plane with petrol. A) had flown / has stopped B) could fly / was stopping C) used to fly / might stop D) was flying / would rather stop E) flew / had to stop you take this screwdriver back to Mr. Smith next door and thank him for lending it to us? A) Will B) Must C) Ought D) Shall E) May 20. They ---- their house yet. They only put it up for sale yesterday. A) haven t been selling B) might not be selling C) needn t have sold D) ought not to sell E) can t have sold 21. We ---- get a visa before we ---- go to Bulgaria. A) could / would B) are to / must C) have to / can D) may / have to E) will / shall 22. I only had a brief chat with Mary at the bus stop, so I ---- to ask her how she ---- on in her new job. A) might forget / could get B) forgot / was getting C) have forgotten / used to get D) would forget / gets E) must have forgotten / should get 52

3 23. A: Well, I ve got lots of great ideas, but I haven t written anything down yet. B: But you ---- us a written outline of your section of the project today! A: Don t panic. I ll do it tomorrow. A) would rather have given B) were able to give C) must have given D) were supposed to give E) had to give 24. Our father ---- a small present for me and my sister every month when he ---- his salary. A) was buying / had received B) has had to buy / was receiving C) must have bought / could receive D) would buy / received E) bought / could have received 25. I ---- listening to pop music at all, but recently I have realised that I quite like certain popsongs. A) didn t use to enjoy B) ought not to enjoy C) must not have enjoyed D) can t have been enjoying E) wasn t enjoying 26. When their baby was born, Lucy ---- up work until they found someone to look after the baby. A) must give B) ought to give C) had to give D) used to give E) has given 27. They had their baby daughter in June and, since then, they ---- in restaurants very often. A) didn t use to eat B) couldn t eat C) aren t supposed to eat D) haven t been able to eat E) weren t able to eat 28. Do you think he ---- to watch the match with us? I know he enjoys football. A) would sooner B) had better C) would mind D) preferred E) would like 29. Would you mind if I ---- the secretary for half an hour, Mr. Pitt? She has two thousand leaflets to send out. A) helping B) helped C) help D) have helped E) to help 30. A: I missed this week s episode of The Simpsons. What happened? B: I don t know. I don t watch it any more. A: Why not? I thought you were a fan of the show like me. B: Yes, I ---- it three times a week, but now I go to German lessons every night. A) used to watch B) had watched C) must have watched D) have watched E) was able to watch 31. I believe you ---- this computer programme in your previous job, so you ---- it difficult at times. Please don t hesitate to ask me for help. A) didn t use / might find B) haven t used / must find C) couldn t use / have found D) may not use / will find E) hadn t used / can find 32. Apparently, the man across the road ---- his car after all because he took down the for-sale sign a week ago and he is still driving to work. A) used to keep B) had better keep C) was keeping D) was able to keep E) is keeping 33. A: Hopefully, Peter booked the tickets for us yesterday. B: He ---- them yesterday. The booking office is closed on Saturdays. A: Oh well, I m sure he ll order them tomorrow then. A) had better not look B) hasn t booked C) couldn t have booked D) needn t have booked E) wasn t supposed to book 53

4 34. A: I didn t think Paul and Sam were coming to the picnic. B: They ---- their minds. A: Well, it s nice to see them again. A) would rather change B) used to change C) must have changed D) should have changed E) had better change 35. I m glad that I ---- hard to persuade my parents because they were already keen on the idea. A) ought not to try B) didn t need to try C) needn t have tried D) mustn t try E) wasn t able to try 36. When it was completed, the Eiffel Tower ---- the tallest building in the world, but now there are many others which are taller than the Eiffel Tower. A) would be B) must be C) used to be D) was E) has been 37. Cats are very alert to any movement. For this reason, they will pounce when a victim ---- but ---- prey that remains still. A) can move / couldn t attack B) is moving / shouldn t attack C) has moved / aren t attacking D) moved / don t attack E) moves / may not attack 38. When I lived in England, I ---- Indian food several times a month, but here in Istanbul it s virtually impossible to find. A) shall eat B) would eat C) ought to eat D) have eaten E) had eaten 39. A: Mrs. Parkinson ---- three accidents in the last month. B: She ---- a very careful driver, then. A: Couldn t it have been just bad luck? A) was having / can t be B) has / shouldn t be C) has had / must not be D) is having / wasn t E) used to have / isn t 40. The weather is awful again today. Let s look in the newspaper. There ---- a good film showing at the cinema. A) can be B) had to be C) would rather be D) might be E) should have been 41. Cellulose is indigestible by humans, but herbivores, such as cows and horses, ---- it because they retain it long enough for digestion by micro-organisms present in their digestive system. A) can digest B) have to digest C) used to digest D) have digested E) ought to digest 42. You ---- all your holiday money on the first day. You will need some for the rest of the week. A) didn t use to spend B) mustn t spend C) don t spend D) might not spend E) haven t spent 43. Using lasers to produce extremely short and repeatable pulses of light, today scientists events happening in time intervals as short as 1,000 trillionth of a second. A) must have measured B) were measuring C) used to measure D) may have measured E) are able to measure 44. Living cells exist in a variety of shapes; for example, they ---- cube-shaped or flat. A) may be B) must be C) were D) have been E) ought to be 45. We ---- the football match on television yesterday, but we ---- because there was a power cut. A) should be watching / may not B) were supposed to watch / haven t C) were going to watch / couldn t D) had better watch / needn t E) were watching / aren t 54

5 46. Oh no, look at the sign! We ---- here. These spaces are for doctors and emergency patients only. A) needn t have parked B) won t be parking C) haven t got to park D) aren t supposed to park E) couldn t have parked 47. You ---- your children some freedom; otherwise, they will resent you. A) used to allow B) must allow C) have allowed D) allow E) are able to allow 48. It s not easy learning Turkish at home. Do you think I ---- an evening course? A) must have taken B) have taken C) should take D) had to take E) used to take 49. I refused to give my son any money for the Mega Death sweatshirt he wants to buy, but I m sure he ll try to get some from his grandmother. I d really rather she ---- him the money, because I don t want him to wear such an awful thing. A) didn t lend B) won t lend C) not to lend D) not lending E) had better not lend 50. He ---- safety goggles, but he wasn t and, as a result, the hot steel badly damaged his eyes. A) could have been wearing B) must have been wearing C) had been wearing D) should be wearing E) ought to have been wearing 52. In parts of Africa, women still ---- water a long way to their village. A) used to carry B) might carry C) could have carried D) have to carry E) must have carried 53. Why did you bother so much trying to change your money? You ---- it, you know, as they accept US dollars in Mexico. A) couldn t have changed B) haven t changed C) didn t use to change D) needn t have changed E) can t change 54. I d rather ---- the match on television than here in the pouring rain. I m sure we ll all catch a cold! A) I watched B) have watched C) to watch D) to have watched E) be watching 55. You knew that we had to walk a long way today, so you really ---- those high heeled shoes. You only have yourself to blame for your aching feet. A) don t have to wear B) must not have worn C) shouldn t have worn D) might not wear E) can t have worn 56. I think Victoria ---- to the party, although she really wants to, because she is flying to Paris the next day and has to pack her things. A) may not come B) couldn t come C) wouldn t come D) didn t come E) must not come 51. I ---- my car last week if I had accepted James offer. He offered me two thousand dollars for it, but I wanted more. A) used to sell B) could have sold C) had sold D) may have sold E) was able to sell 57. You ---- this report to the managing director personally. Do you understand? A) would sooner hand B) would like to hand C) may have handed D) are to hand E) have handed 55

6 58. You ---- for the cocktail party after the conference if you are worried about arriving home late. A) needn t have stayed B) don t have to stay C) haven t stayed D) weren t able to stay E) didn t use to stay 59. He ---- handball quite often, but his new job requires him to travel a lot now, so he doesn t have time any more. A) must have played B) has to play C) should be playing D) could have played E) used to play 60. Would you mind ---- your cigarette smoke in my face? It s getting on my nerves. A) not to blow B) didn t blow C) not blowing D) haven t blown E) not blow 61. You ---- your jacket on a clothes hanger and not leave it on the chair. You ll crease it! A) must have hung B) would hang C) may hang D) ought to hang E) will have hung 62. It s a long journey and there may not be any restaurants on the way. You ---- something before you leave. A) might have eaten B) would eat C) had better eat D) are able to eat E) must have eaten 63. I knew that Marcus didn t have much money, but he has just bought a new car. He ---- the money from someone. A) could borrow B) must have borrowed C) would rather have borrowed D) is able to borrow E) is supposed to borrow I get some plates while you are cutting the cake? A) Do B) Let C) Shall D) Did E) Would 65. We ---- anything tonight. We ---- the leftovers from yesterday s dinner party. A) didn t cook / used to eat B) must not have cooked / will eat C) won t have cooked / should eat D) might not cook / would eat E) needn t cook / can eat sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan seçeneği bulunuz. 66. Because it was pouring down so intensely, I had to pull over the car and wait for the rain to get lighter. A) The rain intensified just as I was about to start the journey, so I decided to wait until it got lighter. B) I was lucky that the rain had become less intense by the time I had to leave, because I couldn't have waited. C) I had to pull the car to the side of the road for some reason, but just then, the rain started to get more and more intense. D) The heavy downpour made it impossible for me to continue driving, so I had to stop and wait until it became less intense. E) I shouldn't have kept driving ignoring the heavy downpour, as the vision was poor and I very nearly drove off the road. 67. Generous people prefer giving to receiving. A) People who are generous would rather give than receive B) People in general should give more and receive less. C) Generous people don't like receiving gifts, but they like giving them. D) More people ought to buy things for other people as well as for themselves. E) Generous people feel that they have to think of others as well as themselves. 56

7 68. He can't have read the report prior to the meeting because he didn t know anything about the project. A) He needn't have read the report, but he didn't know they weren't going to talk about the new project. B) It was clear that he hadn't read the report before the meeting as he knew nothing about the project. C) They didn't talk about the project in the meeting, so he needn't have read the report anyway. D) He didn't read the report before the meeting because he didn't know that they were going to discuss the project. E) He had to read the report carefully before the meeting because he knew nothing about the project. 69. He had better not forget my book today, or I'll never lend him anything again. A) I am angry with him because he keeps forgetting to bring my book back. B) He was supposed to bring my book back today, but as usual he forgot it, so I'm no longer lending him anything. C) I won't lend him anything in the future if he doesn't remember to bring my book today. D) He's promised to bring my book back as soon as he gets better, but I can't believe him. E) I think it will be better for me not to lend him any more books from now on. 70. Let's go out for a walk in the sunshine instead of sitting at home watching TV. A) Would you rather stay at home and watch TV or take a walk in the sunshine? B) Rather than watching TV here at home, why don't we go out and take a walk in this nice, sunny weather? C) We wouldn t be at home watching TV if the weather was nice; instead, we could go out and take a walk D) I wouldn't mind taking a walk as I find staying at home boring especially in this sunny weather. E) I would much sooner be outside in the sunshine than be here at home just watching TV. 71. The shoes you bought may be a fashionable style, but they are not at all appropriate for school. A) You shouldn't have chosen these shoes because the school will not allow you to wear them. B) You are not going to a fashion show but to school, so take those shoes off and put on a pair suitable for school. C) Next time you go shopping, I'll come with you and help you choose shoes more suitable for school. D) Buying these shoes was a mistake, as they are neither fashionable nor suitable for school. E) You have chosen a pair of shoes, stylish though they are, totally unsuitable for school. 72. It was only towards the end of the sixth month in her swimming course that she could swim across the pool. A) She'd been taking swimming lessons for almost six months by the time she was able to swim across the pool. B) She found it difficult to swim across the pool even after six months of swimming lessons. C) She should never have expected to learn how to swim across the pool in a period of less than six months. D) She was unable to swim cross the pool despite having taken swimming lessons for six months. E) Because she had only taken swimming lessons for six months, she had difficulty swimming across the pool. 57

8 73. We can't change the date of our party because the hotel has reservations for every other day this week. A) We should have decided earlier which date we wanted our party because now the hotel has bookings for the whole week. B) We'll either cancel the reservation or hold the party at the weekend because the hotel is full on weekdays. C) As the hotel is fully booked for all the other days this week, to change the date of our party is out of the question. D) We could have changed the date of the party if we had decided earlier and told the hotel which day we wanted. E) The hotel should have told us that we couldn't change the date of our party once we had booked it. 75. We'll have nowhere to stay if we can't find a new flat by the end of this month, when our contract is due. A) I don't think we'll be able to find a new flat by the end of this month, and then we won't have anywhere to stay. B) Our contract will be over at the end of this month, so we ll have to find a new flat by then, if we don't want to be homeless. C) We only have one month to evacuate this flat and move into a new one, because our contract is due to end at the end of this month. D) We don't have to start looking for a new flat just yet, because our contract is valid until the end of this month. E) If we have to evacuate this flat at the end of this month, then we have one month ahead of us to look for a new one. 74. The parents needn t have given their children any money as the school paid the museum entrance fee. A) The parents didn't give their children any money because they knew the school was going to pay for them to go into the museum. B) The school had to pay for the children to get into the museum as their parents hadn t given them any money. C) The school paid the children's entrance fees so that the parents didn't have to give their children any money. D) The school paid the entrance fee of the museum for the children, so the parents had given them some money unnecessarily. E) The school didn't have to pay the entrance fee of the museum for all the children as some parents had given their children some money. 76. As a child, I used to believe that the old woman who lived in the cottage in the woods was a witch. A) The old woman who lives in the cottage in the woods is very scary because she looks just like a witch. B) I was terrified to hear that the old woman who lived in the cottage in the woods was a witch as a child. C) The old woman who lives in the cottage in the woods used to say she was a witch, but I didn't believe her. D) As a child, whenever I saw an old woman living in a cottage in the woods I used to think that she was a witch. E) When I was young, there was an old woman living in the cottage in the woods, who, then I thought, was a witch. 58

9 77. He must have forgotten that today is my birthday. A) He'd forgotten about my birthday, so I had to remind him. B) I'm really cross at his forgetting my birthday today. C) He'll probably remember later in the day that today is my birthday. D) It is highly likely that he hasn't remembered that it's my birthday today. E) I don't think he'll remember that today is my birthday. 78. Airmail service, including parcels, is available at relatively low cost throughout the world. A) You can send letters and parcels to your relatives by air wherever they are in the world, and it'll cost you very little. B) Choose airmail service for your post and parcels if it is available to where your relatives live because it is not as expensive as generally considered. C) It s possible to send your post as well as your parcels everywhere in the world by air, and it isn't expensive at all. D) Airmail service is available for letters throughout the world, but not for parcels as the cost is relatively high for them. E) The postage you'll pay to send your mail and parcels by air varies depending on where in the world you're sending them. 79. I doubt that he realised the importance of the situation despite your excellent explanation. A) You should have found a better way to explain the importance of the situation to him. B) Although you explained it perfectly, he might still not have understood how important the situation is. C) In spite of your perfect explanation, he seemed doubtful about whether the situation was indeed so important. D) I admit that you explained the situation excellently, but he couldn't understand it. E) You couldn't have explained the importance of the situation any better, but he still didn't understand it. 80. Would you mind if I used your mobile phone to tell my mother about my exam results? A) Do you think I should telephone my mother and tell her that I passed all my exams? B) My mother will be happy to hear that I passed all my exams. Can I use your mobile to phone her? C) Have you got your mobile with you as I need to phone my mother and tell her about my exam results? D) Is it all right with you if I telephone my mother on your mobile to tell her about my exam results? E) Would you mind telephoning my mother on your mobile and telling her about my exam results? sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce dengini bulunuz. 81. O kaba davranışından sonra cezayı haketti ama cezanın bu kadar ağır olması gerekmiyordu. A) Although she deserved to be punished after that rude behaviour, you could have given her a less severe punishment. B) The punishment she was given was a little too severe compared with what she had done. C) She should have been punished for that rude behaviour of hers, though not with a severe punishment. D) After that rude behaviour of hers, she deserved a punishment, but it needn't have been such a severe one. E) She deserved to be punished for that rude behaviour with an even more severe punishment than the one she was given. 59

10 82. Resmi işlemler sırasında karşılaştığı pek çok tersliğe rağmen turizm sezonu başlamadan önce bürosunu açabildi. A) He could have opened his office before the tourism season started if he hadn't encountered so many problems during the official procedures. B) The officials caused him so many problems during the procedures that he very nearly didn't open his office before the tourism season started. C) Despite the many mishaps he encountered during the official procedures, he was able to open his office before the tourism season started. D) He failed to open his office in time for the approaching tourism season due to the many mishaps he encountered during the procedures. E) Even if he had encountered a few problems during the official procedures, he still had enough time to open his office before the tourism season. 83. Sınav gözcüsü sürenin bitmek üzere olduğunu hatırlattığında ben daha soruların yarısını bile yanıtlayamamıştım. A) The examiner should have reminded us about the time because I'd only answered half of the questions. B) I was about to finish answering the questions when the examiner told us that we'd left half an hour behind. C) When the examiner reminded us that the time was almost up, I hadn't even been able to answer half of the questions. D) I couldn't answer all the questions because by the time examiner told us about the time, we were already about to run out of it. E) By the time the examiner told us to hand in our papers because our time was up, I'd only answered half of the questions. 84. Şeftalilerin fazla olgunlaşmış olanlarını önce yiyelim yoksa yarın onları atmak zorunda kalırız. 85. Zavallı adam kazada hem karısını hem oğlunu kaybettiğini duyunca yıkılmış olmalı. A) The poor man must have collapsed upon hearing that he'd lost both his wife and his son in the accident. B) When he heard that both his wife and son had died in the accident, the poor man collapsed in despair. C) The news that his wife and son had been killed in the accident was too much or the poor man to bear, so he collapsed. D) The poor man felt so desperate as he'd lost not only his wife but also his son in the accident. E) It must have been a real shock for the poor man to hear about the accident as he'd lost not only his wife but also his son. 86. Çok fazla eşyası olduğu için havaalanına gitmektense taksi tutmayı tercih etti. A) She had to hire a taxi to the airport instead of taking the bus because she had too much luggage. B) Even though she had too much luggage, she could still have taken the bus to the airport, but she preferred a taxi. C) She might not have gone to the airport by taxi but have taken the bus if she hadn't had so much luggage. D) As she had so much luggage, she preferred to hire a taxi to the airport rather than take the bus. E) She'd rather go to the airport by taxi than take the bus because she has too much luggage. A) We ought to eat the overripe peaches first because they won't keep until tomorrow. B) Some of these peaches are overripe and should be eaten before tomorrow. C) If we don't want to throw away these overripe peaches tomorrow, we have to eat them first. D) We'd better eat the overripe peaches first; otherwise, they'll be rotten by tomorrow. E) Let's eat the overripe peaches first, or we'll have to throw them away tomorrow. 60

11 87. Yüzündeki mutlu ifadeye bakılırsa, kötü haberi henüz duymamış olmalı. A) She can't have heard the bad news yet because look how happy she appears to be. B) Judging from the happy look on her face, she must not have heard the bad news yet. C) We gathered from the happy look on her face that she hadn't heard the bad news yet. D) As she had a happy look on her face, we couldn't understand whether she'd heard the bad news. E) It was obvious that she hadn't heard the bad news as she looked very happy. 89. Eski denizciler Albatros kuşunun doğa üstü güçleri olduğuna ve onu öldürmenin kötü şans getireceğine inanırlardı. A) Because they believed that the bird Albatross had supernatural powers, ancient sailors were not very keen to kill one. B) Ancient sailors used to believe that the bird Albatross had supernatural powers, and that killing one brought bad luck. C) Ancient sailors believed that, whoever had bad luck at sea, he must have killed an Albatross, the bird they considered to have supernatural powers. D) Ancient sailors attributed all bad luck to the bird albatross, so wherever they saw one, they wanted to kill it. E) In the ancient sailors' belief, the one who killed an albatross, the bird which brought bad luck, had supernatural powers 88. Tüm geleceğini etkileyebilecek bu kararı almadan önce, en azından annen baban olarak bizim de fikrimizi alabilirdin. A) Before you took this decision, which might affect your whole future, as your parents, you could have at least asked for our opinion as well. B) As your parents, we were expecting that you would ask for our opinion before you took this decision about your future. C) Although you didn't consult us before taking this decision, as your parents, we must warn you that it might affect your whole future. D) You took a decision that will affect your whole future, but didn't even bother to ask for our, that is, your parents' opinion. E) You should have consulted your parents too before you took this decision because it will affect your whole future. 90. Yarın teslim etmem gereken raporu bitirmek için bütün gece uyanık kalmak zorundayım. A) I have to hand in this report tomorrow, and I can only finish it if I stay up all right. B) I can only finish this report by staying up all night, or I won't be able to hand it in tomorrow. C) I'll have to stay up all night today for this report as I'll need it tomorrow. D) I may have to stay up all night so as to get this report ready for tomorrow. E) I have to stay up all night in order to finish the report I'm supposed to hand in tomorrow. 61

12 sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce dengini bulunuz. 91. As it might cause drowsiness and dizziness, you mustn't drive for a period of two hours after you've taken this medicine. A) Uyku ve baş dönmesine neden olduğu için bu ilacı aldıktan ancak iki saat sonra araç kullanabilirsiniz. B) Uyku ve baş dönmesine yol açabileceği için bu ilacı aldıktan sonra iki saat süreyle araba kullanmamalısınız. C) Uyku ve baş dönmesini yaratabilir endişesiyle bu ilacın etkileri geçinceye kadar, yani iki saat süreyle araba kullanmayınız. D) İki saat sonra araç kullanacaksınız, bu ilacı hemen alın ki uyku ve baş dönmesi gibi etkileri o zamana kadar kaybolsun. E) Bu ilacı şimdi aldığınıza göre iki saat araba kullanmayacaksınız demektir çünkü bu ilaç uyku ve baş dönmesi yapar. 92. Thanks to his experience and his calm attitude throughout the incident, the pilot was able to land the plane, damaged badly during the hurricane, safely. A) Fırtınada ağır hasar görmüş uçağı sağ salim yere indirdiğine göre, pilot çok deneyimli ve soğukkanlı biri olmalı. B) Deneyimli ve olay boyunca takındığı sakin tavrı sayesinde pilot fırtınada ağır hasar görmüş uçağı sağ salim yere indirebildi. C) Fırtına sırasında deneyimi ve sakinliğiyle dikkat çeken pilota, büyük hasar gören uçağı sağ salim yere indirmeyi başardığı için herkes teşekkür etti. D) Tüm yolcular, fırtına sırasında çok hasar görmüş olan uçağı, soğukkanlı davranarak usta bir şekilde yere indiren pilota şükran borçluydular. E) Pilot çok deneyimliydi ve fırtına sırasında büyük hasar görmüş uçağı, soğukkanlı davranarak, usta bir şekilde yere indirmeyi başardı. 93. When New Zealand was deforested, the huia bird, which was used to living in the forest, was no longer able to feed in its accustomed way and soon became extinct. A) Yeni Zelanda ormanlarını yitirince, ormanda yaşamaya alışmış olan huia kuşu artık alışkın olduğu biçimde beslenemez oldu ve kısa sürede nesli tükendi. B) Yeni Zelanda'nın ormanlarında yaşayan huia kuşu ormanlar yok olmaya başlayınca yeterli besin bulamadı ve bir süre sonra nesli tükendi. C) Huia kuşunun neslinin tükenmesinin başlıca nedeni, Yeni Zeanda'da ormanların yok edilmesidir çünkü bu kuş sadece orman koşullarında yaşamaya alışkındı. D) Yeni Zelanda'da ormanların yok edilmesi, ormanda yaşamaya alışkın huia gibi bazı kuş türlerinin neslinin tükenmesine neden olmuştur. E) Huia kuşu Yeni Zelanda ormanlarında yaşardı ancak ormanlar yok olunca alışkın olduğu besinleri bulamayan bu kuşun nesli tükendi. 94. With proper care, buildings made of adobe, which is an excellent building material in dry climates, may last for centuries. A) Özellikle, kurak iklimler için uygun olan kerpiç binaların asırlarca dayanması için çok iyi bir bakıma ihtiyaçları vardır. B) Kurak iklimler için mükemmel bir inşaat malzemesi olan kerpiçten yapılmış binalar, iyi bir bakımla, asırlarca dayanabilir. C) İklimin kurak olması koşuluyla, iyi bakılan kerpiç binalar yüzlerce yıl mükemmel ayakta kalabilirler. D) Çok iyi bakılsalar bile, kerpiçten yapılmış binaların yüzlerce yıl ayakta kalabilmesi ancak kurak iklimlerde mümkün olabilir. E) Kurak iklimlerde yüzyıllardır inşaat malzemesi olarak kullanılan kerpiçten yapılmış evler, uzun süre ayakta kalabilmeleri için iyi bakılmalıdırlar. 95. She knew that they couldn't afford a holiday abroad, yet she still called at a travel agent's and took a few brochures. A) Bir seyahat acentasından istediği broşürler eline geçene dek, yurt dışında bir tatil rahatlıkla karşılayabileceklerini zannediyordu. B) Yurt dışında tatil yapmaya güçlerinin yetmeyeceğini bile bile bir seyahat acentasına telefon etti ve birkaç broşür istedi. C) Yurt dışına tatile gitmeyi çok istiyordu ama seyahat acentasından aldığı broşürlerdeki rakamları asla karşılayamacaklarını da biliyordu. D) Seyahat acentasından aldığı broşürleri inceleyince, tatil için yurt dışına gitmeye güçlerinin yetmeyeceğini anladı. E) Yurt dışında bir tatile güçlerinin yetmeyeceğini biliyordu ama yine de bir seyehat acentasına uğrayıp birkaç broşür aldı. 62

13 96. Would you mind if I sat here and had a look at the magazines while you're working? A) Burada oturup dergilere göz atmam çalışmanı engellememiştir umarım? B) Sen çalışırken burada oturup dergilere göz atmak istiyorum, olur mu? C) Sen çalışırken burada oturup dergilere göz atmamın bir sakıncası var mı? D) Senin çalışmanı engellemezse eğer, burada oturup dergilere göz atabilir miyim? E) Sen çalışırken benim dergi okumam seni rahatsız eder mi? 97. People who are overweight, past middle age, or who suffer from heart disease should consult a physician before starting any exercise program. A) Orta yaşı geçmiş kişiler, üstelik kilolu iseler ve kalp rahatsızlıkları varsa, bir egzersiz programına başlamadan önce mutlaka bir hekime danışmalıdırlar. B) Orta yaşı geçmiş kişiler kilo vermek amacıyla bir egzersiz programına başlamadan önce bir hekime başvurup kalp kontrolünden geçmelidirler. C) Kilolu, orta yaşı geçmiş ya da kalp rahatsızlığı olan kişilerin herhangi bir egzersiz programına başlamadan önce bir hekime danışmaları gerekir. D) Orta yaşın üzerindeki kişiler eğer kilolu iseler ve kalp rahatsızlıkları varsa, uygun bir egzersiz programı için bir hekimin tavsiyesi gerekir. E) Orta yaşın üzerindeki kişilerin kaldırabileceği egzersiz programları için kilo ve kalbin durumu önemli olduğu için mutlaka hekim tavsiyesi gerekmektedir. 98. Even if we'd found out in advance that the speaker was not coming, we couldn't have found someone in such a short time to replace him. A) Eğer konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini bu kadar kısa bir süre önce öğrenmeseydik, belki de onun yerine bir başkasını bulabilirdik. B) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini önceden öğrenemediğimiz için sürenin azlığı nedeniyle yerine birini bulamadık. C) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini son anda öğrendiğimiz için yerine bir başkasını bulacak kadar zamanımız yoktu. D) Konuşmacı gelemeyceğini bize o kadar geç bildirdi ki yerine bir başkasını bulmamız mümkün değildi. E) Konuşmacının gelmeyeceğini önceden öğrenmiş olsaydık bile bu kadar kısa sürede yerine birini bulamazdık. 99. International air travel has become so extensive that it's now possible to reach any place in the world in less than a day on one of the more than 350 airlines operating worldwide. A) Dünya çapında 350 havayolları tarafından sürdürülen uluslararası hava taşımacılığı çok yaygın ve sık olduğu için dünyanın herhangi bir yerine günübirliğine gidip gelmeniz mümkündür. B) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı yapan şirketlerin sayısı şu anda 350 dir ve bu şirketler dünyanın hemen her yerine günlük seferler düzenlemektedirler. C) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı şu anda dünyanın 350 merkezine seferler düzenlemektedir ve bu merkezlerden en uzak olanına bile bir günden daha az bir sürede ulaşılabilmektedir. D) Uluslararası hava taşımacılığı o kadar yaygınlaştı ki dünya çapında hizmet veren 350 havayollarından biriyle bir günden daha az bir sürede dünyanın herhangi bir yerine ulaşmak artık mümkün. E) Dünyanın her yerine çok sık seferler düzenleyen 350 havayollarından herhangi biriyle bir günden daha az bir sürede dilediğiniz yere gitmeniz hiç de imkansız değildir. 63

14 100. The long coastline and large number of rivers and lakes provide Africa with plenty of fish resources. A) Afrika'da balığın bol olmasının nedeni sahip olduğu uzun kıyı şeridi ve çok sayıdaki nehir ve gölleridir. B) Uzun kıyı şeridi ve çok sayıda nehir ve göl Afrika'ya bol miktarda balık kaynağı sağlamaktadır. C) Afrika'da balık bol bulunmaktadır; çünkü kıta uzun bir kıyı şeridine ve çok sayıda nehir ve göle sahiptir. D) Afrika'nın başlıca yiyecek kaynağı, sahip olduğu uzun kıyıları, nehirleri ve göllerinden sağlanan balıktır. E) Uzun kıyı şeridinin yanı sıra, çok sayıda nehir ve göl, Afrika'ya bol miktarda balık sağlayan kaynaklardır. 64

15 MODAL AUXILIARIES - PART I SET 1 1 B 21 C 41 A 61 D 81 D 2 C 22 B 42 B 62 C 82 C 3 B 23 D 43 E 63 B 83 C 4 E 24 D 44 A 64 C 84 E 5 D 25 A 45 C 65 E 85 A 6 A 26 C 46 D 66 D 86 D 7 C 27 D 47 B 67 A 87 B 8 C 28 E 48 C 68 B 88 A 9 E 29 B 49 A 69 C 89 B 10 B 30 A 50 E 70 B 90 E 11 D 31 A 51 B 71 E 91 B 12 C 32 E 52 D 72 A 92 B 13 A 33 C 53 D 73 C 93 A 14 A 34 C 54 E 74 D 94 B 15 D 35 B 55 C 75 B 95 E 16 B 36 D 56 A 76 E 96 C 17 C 37 E 57 D 77 D 97 C 18 E 38 B 58 B 78 C 98 E 19 A 39 C 59 E 79 B 99 D 20 E 40 D 60 C 80 D 100 B 65