A BS taraf ndan düzenlenen Asya da Denizcilik Faaliyetleri

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1 UNCERTAINTY IN SHIPBUILDING GEM NfiADA BEL RS ZL K MEL KE ASLI fiah NSOY The world will never order such again like as it happened in While the year 2008 is the peak for orders, 2010 will be the peak for deliveries in 10 years time. In 2014, the orderbook is bottoming out. Dünya bir daha hiç 2008'deki gibi siparifl vermeyecek siparifllerin en yüksek düzeye ç kt y l olurken, 2010 da 10 y ll k süre içerisinde teslimatlar n en yüksek düzeyde gerçekleflece i bir y l olacak y l nda siparifl defterleri dibe vuracak. A BS Seminar titled Maritime Activities on Asia, took place at Ritz Carlton Hotel, Istanbul on November 7, 2008 with the participation of representatives from ABS Pacific, ABS Turkey and shipowners, operators, shipyards, designers and other industry members. With the recent and rapid expansion of shipbuilding capacity through the Pacific, the seminer focused on the current activities with Asian shipyards locations and facilities. Presenting recent developments in Asia shipbuilding, Franck Violette, Gabriel Tam, Akira Akiyama and Ah Kuan Seah discussed products and services offered in Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam and India as well as the order book for each location. In his welcoming speech, Dimitrios A. Houliarakis, Vice A BS taraf ndan düzenlenen Asya da Denizcilik Faaliyetleri isimli seminer ABS Pacific, ABS Türkiye, armatörler, iflletmeciler, tersaneler, tasar mc lar ve di er sektör temsilcilerinin kat l m yla 7 Kas m 2008 tarihinde Ritz Carlton Hotel, stanbul da gerçeklefltirildi. Pasifik te son zamanlarda gemi infla sektöründe görülen h zl geliflmeler nedeniyle seminer Asya daki tersane konumlar ve tesislerine yo unlaflt. Asya daki gemi infla sektöründe meydana gelen geliflim hakk nda sunum gerçeklefltiren Franck Violette, Gabriel Tam, Akira Akiyama ve Ah Kuan Seah, Kore, Çin, Japonya, Vietnam ve Hindistan da sunulan ürün ve hizmetler ile her ülkedeki gemi infla siparifllerinin durumu hakk nda bilgiler verdi. Aç l fl konuflmas n yapan Baflkan Yard mc s Dimitrios A. Hou- 040 MARINE&COMMERCE NOVEMBER 2008

2 Orderbook Share based on CGT // CGT ye dayal siparifl defteri paylafl m WORLD SHIPBUILDING COUNTRIES DÜNYA GEM NfiA ÜLKELER Vietnam and India ranked 5 th and 6 th 40.0% 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Source // Kaynak: Clarkson s President - Eastern Region, explained the focus of the seminar as a forecast of how ABS sees what is happening in Pacific Asia with a comparison of world shipbuilding trends. Houliarakis stated that there is a lot of uncertainty in the world. It depends on banks trusting each other and passing money, because there is not much things going on these days in the banks side. WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE WORLD? Based on the discussions in the seminar, it is possible to make a shipbuilding demand forecast for the upcoming 10 years. According to the evaluations, the world will never order such again like as it happened in While the year 2008 is the peak for orders, 2010 will be the peak for deliveries in 10 years time. In 2009, the orderbook will begin to decline and 2012 will be the beginning of excess of shipbuilding capacity. In 2014, the orderbook is bottoming out since the world has reached the lowest orderbook. The world will have demands more on dry bulk and container ships in the long run. Operators of these kind of vessels shall not get so stressed Mr. Ah Kuan Seah, Vice President, Technology and Business Development for ABS Pacific, Southern Region, said and he pointed out that we have excess capacity and also decline at the same time. None of yards in India and Vietnam ranked top 50 in Clarkson s top shipyard list except ABG Shipyard (ranked 48 th ) Japan 28.4 mcgt Germany 3.4 mcgt Vietnam 2.5 mcgt India 2.4 mcgt Italy 2.2 mcgt South Korea China P.R. Japan Germany Vietnam India Italy Turkey Philippines Romania Taiwan Norway Brazil Netherlands Spain Croatia Other Tanker Orderbook // siparifl defteri 2,555 vessels // gemi m CGT Source // Kaynak: Clarkson World Shipyard Monitor liarakis e göre seminerin odak noktas dünya gemi infla trendlerinin bir karfl laflt rmas yla birlikte ABS nin Asya Pasifik bölgesindeki geliflmeleri nas l gördü ü konusundayd. Dünyada büyük bir belirsizli in oldu unu belirten Houliarakis, bu durumun birbirine güvenerek para temin eden bankalara ba l oldu unu, bankalar taraf nda ise son zamanlarda çok fazla bir hareket gerçekleflmedi- ini söyledi. DÜNYADA NELER OLUYOR? Seminerde gerçeklefltirilen tart flmalara bak l rsa, önümüzdeki 10 y ll k dönem için gemi infla talebi ile ilgili bir tahminde bulunmak mümkün. Yap lan de erlendirmelere göre; dünya bir daha hiç 2008 deki gibi siparifl vermeyecek siparifllerin en yüksek düzeye ç kt y l olurken, 2010 da 10 y ll k süre içerisinde teslimatlar n en yüksek düzeyde gerçekleflece i bir y l olacak y l nda siparifl defteri gerilemeye, 2012 y l nda da gere inden fazla gemi infla kapasitesi söz konusu olmaya bafllayacak te ise siparifl defterleri dibe vuracak. Dünya gemi talebi uzun vadede daha çok kuru dökme yük ve konteyner gemilerine kayacak. Bu tip gemilerin iflletmecilerinin çok fazla stres alt nda olmayaca n söyleyen ABS Pasifik Güney Bölgesi Teknoloji ve fl Gelifltirme Baflkan Yard mc s Ah Kuan Seah, fazla kapasite ve gerilemenin ayn zamanda gerçekleflece ini vurgulad. Di er yandan Dimitrios A. Houliarakis tanker piyasas n n oldukça istikrarl oldu unu, ancak dökme yük ve konteyner piyasas nda bir düflüfl görülebilece ini söyledi. WORLDWIDE ORDERBOOK STRUCTURE DÜNYA S PAR fi DEFTER YAPISI Bulk Carrier Orderbook // Dökme yük Gemisi Siparifl defteri 3,323 gemi - 65 m CGT Container Carrier Orderbook // Konteyner Gemisi Siparifl Defteri 1,337 gemi m CGT ULUSLARARASI DEN Z ve T CARET KASIM

3 WORLD SHIPYARDS DELIVERIES IN 2007 DÜNYA TERSANELER N N 2007 TESL MATLARI 1. Hundai HI 2. Daewoo SME 3. Samsung HI 4. Imabari SB 5. Universal SB 6. Hyundai samho 7. Hyundai Mipo 8. Dalian SB Ind. 9. S.Waigaoqiao SB 10. STX SB 11. Tsuneishi SB 12. Mitsui E&S 13. Oshima SB 14. Hangin HI & C 15. Mitsubishi HI 16. Odense SB 17. IHO - MU 18. Aker Yards 19. Namura SB 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 x1,000 gt Source // Kaynak: Kaiji Press On the other hand Dimitri Houliarakis said, tanker market is quite steady but we can see a decrease in bulk carriers and containers. SHIPBUILDING IN INDIA AND VIETNAM Focusing on Vietnamese and Indian shipyards activities, Mr. Ah Kuan Seah stated that India and Vietnam are riding the wave, but that wave is not that sustainable. There is a huge demand in the shipbuilding side he added. Both countries began shipbuilding few decades ago mainly for domestic market and both surged in shipbuilding in the second half of current decade - on the back of unprecedented world capacity demand. However they took different paths in development of shipbuilding. While Vietnam is mainly a State driven in shipbuilding industry, previously State-driven India is now mainly private sector driven in shipbuilding, more entrepreneurial. According to Ah Kuan Seah s presentation, recent hyper inflation led to government cut back on capital projects and reportedly Vinashin told to focus only in shipbuilding and press reported the cancellation of several high profile projects. Also, Dung Quat second drydock put on hold. ABG and Bharati are the clear front runners in India. At least 3 mega yards are in the works and a few heavy weights weighing in: L&T, Essar, SCI Vietnam, State-driven entrepreneurial, is probably more cautious - sticking to a few markets: handymax, product tanker to Aframax, ro-ro. More solid on the long term - building supporting industries: steels, engines, etc. KOREA SHIPBUILDING HIGHLIGHTS Mr. Franck Violette, Director of Technology and Business Development for ABS Pacific, Northern Region, based in Busan, Korea, made an evaluation of Korean shipbuilding industry. WORLD BILLIONAIRE YARDS (Turnover in 2007) DÜNYA M LYARDER TERSANELER (2007 cirosuna göre) 1. Hyundai HI 2. Samsung HI 3. Daewoo SME 4. Aker yards 5. Fincantieri 6. Imabari SB 7. Hyundai Mipo 8. Hyundai Samho 9. Thyssen Krupp 10.. Mitsui E&S 11. Mitsubishi HI 12. STX SB 13. Damer Shipyards 14. Dalian SB Ind. 15. Hanjin HI & Const 16. Universal SB 17. S. Waigaoqiao SY 18. Tsuneishi SB 19. IHI - MU 20. Shin Kurushima 21. New Century SY 22. Kawasaki (KSC) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 $ million Source // Kaynak: Kaiji Press H ND STAN VE V ETNAM DA GEM NfiA Konuflmas nda Vietnam ve Hindistan daki gemi infla faaliyetlerine yo unlaflan Ah Kuan Seah Hindistan ve Vietnam n büyük bir dalga yaratt n ancak bu dalgan n sürdürülebilir olmad n söyledi. Gemi infla taraf nda çok büyük talep oldu unu da sözlerine ekledi. Her iki ülke de gemi infla faaliyetlerine birkaç on y ll k dönem öncesinde daha çok yerel piyasaya yönelik olarak bafllam fl, daha sonra içinde bulundu umuz 10 y ll k dönemin ikinci yar s nda dünya kapasite talebinde yaflanan görülmemifl art fl sayesinde de geliflmiflti. Ancak, ülkeler gemi infla sektörünün geliflimi aç s ndan farkl yollar izlediler. Vietnam daki gemi infla sektörü esas olarak devletin elinde. Hindistan da da gemi infla faaliyetleri daha önce devletin elindeydi, ancak bugün özel sektör söz sahibi. Ah Kuan Seah yapt sunumda son zamanlardaki yüksek enflasyon koflullar n n devleti sermaye projelerini azaltmaya yöneltti ini, bunun sonucu olarak Vinashin e yaln zca gemi inflaya odaklanmas talimat n n verildi ini ve büyük birkaç projenin iptal edildi ini söyledi. Ayr ca Dung Quat n ikinci kuru havuzu da ask ya al nd. ABG ve Bharati aç k bir flekilde Hindistan n en büyük tersaneleri konumunda. En az 3 mega tersane halen infla aflamas nda iken, di- er a r toplar aras nda L&T, Essar ve SCI bulunuyor. Tersanelerin devlet giriflimi oldu u Vietnam handymax, Aframax ürün tankerleri ve ro-ro gibi birkaç piyasaya yo unlaflarak daha ihtiyatl davran yor, çelik, makine, vb. gibi destekleyici sektörleri kurarak uzun vadede daha sa lam ad mlar at yor görünüyor. KORE GEM NfiA SEKTÖRÜ Merkezi Kore nin Busan kentinde bulunan ABS Pasifik Kuzey Bölgesi Teknoloji ve fl Gelifltirme Direktörü Franck Violette, Kore gemi infla sektörü ile ilgili bir de erlendirme yapt. Kore dünya gemi infla sektörü üzerindeki hakimiyetini sürdürüyor ve cgt, gt ve dwt baz nda hem dünya hem de Asya siparifl defterin- 042 MARINE&COMMERCE NOVEMBER 2008

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5 Peter Schmitz, Gabriel Tam, Franck Violette, Akira Akiyama, Ah Kuan Seah, Dimitrios A. Houliarakis, Seyfettin Tatl Korea continues to dominate world shipbuilding and it is number 1 for the global and Asian orderbook on a cgt, gt and dwt basis. January - August 2008 contracting is dominated by large vessels including Capesizes, VLCCs and Post-Panamax container carriers. Additionally, in the same term, Korea delivered the greatest quantity of tonnage, 273 vessels of 18.6m dwt and a total value ~$20.5 billion. Violette stated that notable market developments can be counted as re-entry in bulk carriers market due to high demand & vessel price; new shipyards & design companies emerging to meet shipbuilding demand and increase in offshore newbuilding activity, drillships and FLNG. According to him, Korea will continue to dominate shipbuilding output and will likely maintain the largest share of the worldwide deliveries for the foreseeable future; retaining about a 37% share. Korea s strategy is to be flexible & innovate to develop new designs & product lines. Korea is also investing in Vietnam & Philippines to gain income from simpler type ships such as tankers and bulk carriers. Japan s share in worldwide market will decrease as a result of capacity increases in other shipbuilding countries. On the other hand, China s delivery share will steadily increase from current 17% to close to 30% over next decade, maybe sooner, overtaking Japan by Expected downturn and market dynamics may sustain Japan and extend Korea dominance due to higher quality, shorter delivery time and design flexibility. CHINA NUMBER ONE BY 2015 Mr. Gabriel Tam, Director of Technology & Business Development for ABS Pacific, gave an overview of China s Shipbuilding. Before 1980, China s shipbuilding industry mainly produced ships for inland navigation/trading within the country. Scale of production was small. In the 1990s, China actively promoted equipment renovation and modernization among its State-owned de bafl çekiyor. Ocak-A ustos 2008 döneminde al nan siparifller genelde Capesize, VLCC ve Post-Panamax konteyner gemileri gibi büyük gemilerden olufluyordu. Ayr ca yine ayn dönemde Kore toplam yaklafl k 20.5 milyar dolar de erinde 18.6 milyon dwt lik 273 gemi ile flimdiye kadar gerçeklefltirilmifl en büyük gemi teslimat n yapt. Violette, dikkate de er piyasa geliflmeleri aras nda yüksek talep ve gemi fiyatlar nedeniyle dökme yük gemileri piyasas na yeniden giriflin yan s ra, gemi infla talebi ile sondaj gemileri ve FLNG gibi offshore yeni infla faaliyetlerindeki art fl karfl lamak için yeni tersane ve dizayn flirketleri bulundu unu söyledi. Violette, Kore nin dünya gemi infla sektörü üzerindeki hakimiyetini sürdürece ini ve muhtemelen öngörülebilir gelecekte dünyada teslim edilen gemilerde sahip oldu u %37 gibi büyük pay n koruyaca n belirtti. Kore nin stratejisi, yeni dizaynlar ve ürünler gelifltirmek için esnek ve yenilikçi olmak. Kore ayr ca tanker ve dökme yük gemileri gibi daha basit tip gemilerden gelir elde etmek için Vietnam ve Filipinler de de yat r m yap yor. Japonya n n dünya piyasas ndaki pay, di er gemi infla eden ülkelerde meydana gelecek kapasite art fllar yla birlikte azalacak. Di er yandan Çin in gemi teslimatlar ndaki pay bugünkü %17 seviyesinden önümüzdeki 10 y ll k süreç içerisinde belki de daha k sa bir sürede istikrarl bir flekilde artarak 2012 y l nda Japonya y geçecek. Beklenen düflüfl ve piyasa dinamikleri, yüksek kalite, k sa teslimat süreleri ve dizayn esnekli i nedeniyle Japonya n n hakimiyetini gemleyip, Kore ninkini artt rabilir. Ç N 2015 TE 1 NUMARA OLACAK ABS Pasifik Teknoloji ve fl Gelifltirme Direktörü Gabriel Tam, Çin in gemi infla sektörü hakk nda genel bilgiler verdi öncesinde Çin in gemi infla sektörü genel olarak ülke dahilindeki iç sularda seyir/ticarete uygun gemi infla ediyordu. Üretim oldukça küçük ölçekliydi. 90 l y llarda Çin devletin sahip oldu u gemi infla kurulufllar nda ekipman yenileme ve modernizasyon 044 MARINE&COMMERCE NOVEMBER 2008

6 shipbuilding enterprises, and had introduced technology and capital from abroad to streamline and rationalize the domestic production. Since the China s reform in the 90 s China s shipbuilding industry became a black horse with shipbuilding capacity and productivity developed rapidly. Since 1999, the China s shipbuilding has entered a growth peak period and the country s production output has been ranked number 3 in the world. Since 2004, the global shipbuilding market has been flourishing, and China has enjoyed increasing shipbuilding orders. The total contract volume was 17M dwt with 451 vessels. China shipbuilding is pondering a new round of shipbuilding expansion. According to the Government s National Mediumand Long-Term Plan of the Shipbuilding Industry, it has set goal to become the lead shipbuilding nation by The Plan also urges the construction of three shipbuilding bases in the Bohai Bay, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta areas on group development. In 2007, the total contracting volume of Chinese yards increased substantially, with 1,676 vessels & 93% increase to million dwt. The main reason for the new order boom was due to the large dry bulk order. In terms of CGT, Chinese contracting volume was 29.2m CGT, second to South Korea. With the reform implemented in the 1990s, China has eliminated several shipyards that either gone bankrupt or were annexed. Under the overall State 1999 Council initiative of 1 July 1999, the Chinese Government split its top five Defense & Technology Corporations into ten new enterprises. China State Shipbuilding Corp (CSSC), established in 1982 and as one of the top five, was split into two Groups. As a result, two major shipbuilding enterprises were established - CSSC (Southern Group) and the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC) (Nothern çal flmalar gerçeklefltirmenin yan s ra, yerel üretimi modernlefltirmek ve rasyonellefltirmek amac yla yurtd fl ndan teknoloji ve sermaye getirdi. 90 l y llardaki Çin reformundan bu yana ülkenin gemi infla sektörünün kapasite ve üretimi h zla geliflti y l ndan bugüne kadar Çin gemi infla sektörü büyümenin zirvesine ulaflarak ülkenin üretim kapasitesini dünya üçüncülü üne getirdi ten bu yana dünya gemi infla piyasas büyümesini sürdürdü ve Çin artan gemi infla siparifllerinden büyük pay ald. Toplam sözleflme de eri 451 gemi ya da 17 milyon dwt e ulaflt. Çin in gemi infla sektörü bugün gemi infla sektörünün geliflimi aç - s nda yeni bir at l m haz rl yap yor. Hükümetin Ulusal Orta ve Uzun Vadeli Gemi nfla Sektörü Plan na göre, ülke 2015 y l nda dünyan n bir numaral gemi infla ülkesi olmay hedefliyor. Plan ayr ca Bohai Körfezi, Yangtze Nehir Deltas ve Pearl Nehri Deltas bölgelerinde üç tersane üssünün infla edilmesini öngörüyor y l nda Çinli tersanelerin toplam siparifl de eri %93 art fl göstererek 1,676 gemi veya milyon dwt e ulaflt. Yeni siparifllerde meydana gelen patlaman n ana sebebi, büyük dökme yük gemilerine olan talebin artmas yd. Cgt aç s ndan Çin in sözleflme hacmi Güney Kore nin ard ndan 29.2 milyon cgt olarak gerçekleflti. 90 l y llarda gerçeklefltirilen reformla Çin batan veya birlefltirilen birkaç tersaneyi kapatt. 1 Temmuz 1999 tarihli genel Devlet Konseyi giriflimi alt nda Çin Hükümeti en büyük befl Savunma ve Teknoloji kuruluflunu on yeni kurulufla böldü y l nda kurulan ve en büyük ilk 5 aras nda bulunan China State Shipbuilding Corp. (CSSC) iki ayr gruba bölünerek her biri flirketin düzinelerce tersanesi, araflt rma enstitüleri, onar m flirketleri ve benzerlerini kapsayacak flekilde CSSC (Güney Grubu) ve China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC) (Kuzey Grubu) olmak üzere iki büyük gemi infla kuruluflu haline geldi. KOREA DELIVERIES - SHIP TYPES KORE TESL MATLARI- GEM T PLER 2000 Deliveries // Teslimatlar 180 vessels // gemi, 11.5 mgt 2007 Deliveries // Teslimatlar 340 vessels // gemi, 18.9 mgt 2010 Deliveries // Teslimatlar 810 vessels // gemi, 45.9 mgt Deliveries // Teslimatlar MGT KOREA SHIPYARDS DELIVERIES KORE TERSANELER TESL MATLARI Deliveries peaking end 2009 with 87 vessels - 4.9m GT in one month // Teslimatlar 2009 sonunda 87 gemi ile zirvede - bir ayda 4.9m GT High level of activity until end 2010 dropping to current levels in 2011 // 2010 sonuna dek yüksek aktivite, 2011 de günümüz aflamas na geri geliyor Deliveries # Vessels // Teslimatlar gemi say s ULUSLARARASI DEN Z ve T CARET KASIM

7 Contracing by contry in m dwt // Ülkeler baz nda anlaflmalar milyon dwt CHINA S SHIPBUILDING TRENDS Ç N N GEM NfiA TRENDLER 2007 Chinese new orders in deadweight was almost doubled, up by 93% from 2006, with 1676 ships // 2007 Çin yeni sipariflleri 2006 ya k yasla 1676 gemi ile 93% oranla neredeyse ikiye katland. Japan // Japonya Korea // Kore China // Çin Global // Dünya Source // Kaynak: Clarkson s Group), with each encompassing dozens of company shipyards, research institutes, repair companies, etc. Gabriel Tam also explained, since the issuance of the government s 11 th 5-year plan & National Medium & Long-term Plan of Shipbuilding Industry in 2005/2006, China s shipbuilding has been in a fast track, with an explosion of new shipyards of foreign or Chinese investors and joint ventures. China s shipbuilding industry is expected to hit a capacity of 17 million dwt by 2010 and would become the number 1 shipbuilding power in the world by JAPANESE SHIPBUILDING TRENDS Global contracting in m dwt // Global anlaflmalar milyon dwt Mr. Akira Akiyama, Vice President, Technology and Business Development, for ABS Pacific, Northern Region, presented the trend of Japanese shipbuilding industry. Japanese shipbuilding industries have been developing in cooperation with leading steel mills and manufacturers of main engines and other machinery, systems & equipment in Japan. That is why, they have a strong infrostructure says Mr. Akiyama. Japanese top 10 shipyards in terms of vessels built & delivered in 2007 (on gt basis) are categorized as follows: Shipbuilding division of a General Heavy Industry company or used to be in the same position and became a subsidiary company of the parent Heavy Industry company: Mitsubishi Heavy Ind. Ltd. (MHI) Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd (MES) Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation (KSC) Merged companies in the above category: Universal Shipbuilding Corporation (Former NKK and Hitachi Zosen) IHI-Marine United Inc. (IHI-MU) (IHI and Sumitomo for naval ships) Dalian Shipbld. Ind. Jiangnan Changxing Waigaoqiano S/Y Jiangsu Rongsheng Hudong Zhonghua Jiangsu New YZJ Dayang S.B. Bohai Shipbld. Jinling SY New Times S.B. STX Dalian Nantong Cosco KHI New Century S/Y Zhoushan Jinhaiwan Shanghai S.Y. Guangzhou S.Y. Int MAJOR CHINESE SHIPBUILDERS ÖNEML Ç N GEM NfiACILARI Yards with total orderbook > 1 million CGT at end July 2008 // Temmuz 2008 sonunda toplam > 1 milyon CGT lik siparifl defteri olan tersaneler Major Chinese Shipbuilders // Önemli Çin Gemi nflac lar Source // Kaynak: Clarkson s million CGT Oil Tankers >10k Oil Tankers <10k Spec. Tankers Chem. Tankers Gas Carriers Offshore & Others Bulk carriers Containership MPP General Cargo Reefer Ro-Ro+PCC % 6% % 12% % 16% % 20% % 24% % 27% % 30% % 33% % 36% % 39% % 41% % 44% % 46% % 48% % 50% % 52% Gabriel Tam ayr ca hükümetin 11. Befl Y ll k Plan ve Ulusal Orta ve Uzun Vadeli Gemi nfla Sektörü Plan n n 2005/2006 döneminde yürürlü e girmesinden bu yana Çin in gemi infla sektörünün yabanc ve Çinli yat r mc ve ortak giriflimler taraf ndan aç lan yeni tersanelerle h zl bir geliflim içine girdi i sözlerine ekledi. Ülkenin gemi infla sektörünün 2010 y l nda 17 milyon dwt kapasiteye ulaflmas ve 2015 y l nda da dünyan n bir numaral gemi infla ülkesi haline gelmesi bekleniyor. JAPONYA DAK GEM NfiA TRENDLER ABS Pasifik, Kuzey Bölgesi Teknoloji ve fl Gelifltirme Baflkan Yard mc s Akira Akiyama da Japonya n n gemi infla sektörünün trendleri hakk nda bir sunum yapt. Japon gemi infla sektörü Japonya daki dünyan n önde gelen çelik fabrikalar ve ana makine ve di er makine, sistem ve ekipman üreticileri ile birlikte gelifliyor. Akiyama Japonya n n güçlü bir altyap ya sahip olmas n n nedeninin bu oldu unu ifade ediyor. Japonya n n 2007 y l nda infla ve teslim edilen gemiler aç s ndan (gt baz nda) en büyük 10 tersanesi afla daki kategorilere ayr l yor: Genel bir a r sanayi flirketinin veya ayn konumda olup da bir ana a r sanayi flirketinin bir yan kuruluflu haline gelen bir flirketin gemi infla bölümü: Mitsubishi Heavy Ind. Ltd. (MHI) Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd (MES) Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation (KSC) Yukar daki kategoride birleflen firmalar: Universal Shipbuilding Corporation (eski NKK ve Hitachi Zosen) IHI-Marine United Inc. (IHI-MU) (donanma gemileri alan nda IHI ve Sumitomo) Birleflme ve sat n alma ve/veya geliflme yoluyla büyüyen orta ölçekli tersaneler: Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Total Orderbook % Orderbook Cum. of orderbook 046 MARINE&COMMERCE NOVEMBER 2008

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9 60,000 TRENDS OF JAPANESE SHIPBUILDING New Order // Yeni Siparifl JAPONYA GEM NfiA TRENDLER Unit: x1000 GT Orderbook // Siparifl Defteri Deliveries // Teslimatlar GLOBAL MARKET SHARE IN 2007 (gt basis) KÜRESELPAZAR PAYI 2007 (gt a göre) 40,000 New order // Yeni Siparifl 20, Source // Kaynak: The Shipbuilders Association of Japan Deliveries // Teslimatlar Source // Kaynak: The Shipbuilders Association of Japan Orderbook // Siparifl Defteri Grew big from medium size shipyard by Merger & Acquisition and/or by own expansion: Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Tsuneishi Holdings Corporation / Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. Oshima Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Namura Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.10 Shin Kurushima Dockyard Co., Ltd. JAPAN COMPARED TO KOREAN AND CHINA Mr. Akira also made a comparison between Japan, China and Korea in terms of shipyards. Company size (e.g. revenue, number of employees, etc.) of each Japanese shipyard today is smaller than leading Korean yards. Japan s number 1 Imabari Group is the world s number 6. Japan s No. 2 & 3, Mitsui and Mitsubishi are ranked as the world s no.10 & 11. Korea s top 3 (Hyundai, Samsung and Daewoo) are the world s top 3. Production capacities of Japanese shipyards are also generally small in comparison with leading Korean and expanding Chinese yards although Imabari and Universal is ranked as the world s no.4 and 5 respectively in Every Japanese shipyard has its own history, expertise, and tradition to maintain product reliability and punctual delivery of the vessels. No green-field yards in Japan. Many large shipyards were constructed in early 1970s. They are getting old, however, Japanese yards are generally prudent for expansion of production capacities such as building new docks because of the painful experience of the depressed market around the mid 1980s. Recent investment was intended to replace old facilities, to reinforce production efficiency and/or to meet new regulatory standards such as; to increase crane capacity to improve productivity: up to 800-1,200 T lifting capacity Goliath cranes and paint shops to meet PSPC (New IMO coating standards). & Tsuneishi Holdings Corporation / Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. - Oshima Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Namura Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.10 Shin Kurushima Dockyard Co., Ltd. JAPONYA NIN KORE VE Ç NLE KARfiILAfiTIRMASI Akira ayr ca Japonya, Çin ve Kore nin tersaneler aç s ndan bir karfl laflt rmas n da sundu. Japon tersanelerinin flirket büyüklü ü (örne in gelir, personel say s, vb.) bugün önde gelen Kore tersanelerinden daha küçük. Japonya n n bir numaral gemi infla kuruluflu Imabari Grubu dünyada 6., ikinci ve üçüncü gemi infla flirketleri Mitsui ve Mitsubishi ise dünyan n 10. ve 11. si konumundayken, Kore nin ilk 3 (Hyundai, Samsung ve Daewoo) gemi infla kuruluflu ayn zamanda dünyan n da ilk üçünü teflkil ediyor. Japon tersanelerinin üretim kapasiteleri de, Imabari ve Universal in 2007 y l nda dünyan n 4. ve 5. tersaneleri olmas na ra men genel olarak önde gelen Kore ve geliflen Çinli tersanelerin kapasitelerine k yasla daha düflük. Her Japon tersanesi ürün güvenilirli inin korunmas ve gemilerin tam zaman nda teslim edilmesi konusunda kendi tarihçelerine, uzmanl a ve gelene e sahip. Ülkedeki birçok büyük tersane 70 li y llar n bafllar nda kurulmufltu. Art k eskimeye bafllad lar. Ancak Japon tersaneleri 80 li y llar n ortalar nda yaflanan s k nt l piyasa koflullar nedeniyle üretim kapasitelerinin artt r lmas konusunda genelde son derece ihtiyatl lar. Son zamanlarda yap lan yat r mlar, verimlili in artt r lmas amac na yönelik olarak vinç kapasitesinin 800-1,200 tona ç kar lmas gibi üretim verimlili inin takviye edilmesi ve/veya PSPC kurallar na uyum gibi (yeni IMO boya standartlar ) yeni düzenleyici standartlara uygunlu un sa lanmas amac n güdüyor. & 048 MARINE&COMMERCE NOVEMBER 2008

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