VERİTABANI YÖNETİCİLİĞİ EĞİTİMİ DERS PROGRAMI İÇİNDEKİLER 1.Hafta... 2 1.Ders (TANIŞMA VE ORACLE TEKNOLOJİLERİ)... 2 2.Ders (ORACLE MEMORY KULLANIMI)... 2 2.Hafta... 3 3.Ders (ORACLE FİZİKSEL MİMARİSİ)... 3 4.Ders (INDEX,CONSTRAINT YAPILARI VE KULLANICI YÖNETİMİ)... 4 3.Hafta... 4 5.Ders (ORACLE NETWORK MİMARİSİ)... 4 6.Ders (ONLINE BACKUP,RMAN KULLANIMI)... 6 4.Hafta... 6 7.Ders (RMAN YÖNETİM YAPISI)... 6 8.Ders (BACKUP /RESTORE)... 7 5.Hafta... 8 9.Ders (KULLANICI BAZLI BACKUP)... 8 10.Ders (PERFORMANS YÖNETİMİ)... 9 6.Hafta... 10 11.Ders (DB LOCKS VE MEMORY YAPISI)... 10 12.Ders (PERFORMANS OPTİMİZASYON ÇALIŞMALARI)... 10 7.Hafta... 12 13.Ders (ORACLE RAC YAPISI)... 12 14.Ders (DATA GUARD VE STANDBY MİMARİSİ)... 12 8.Hafta... 13 15. Ders (GOLDEN GATE KURULUMU & YÖNETİMİ)... 13 16.Ders (AWR VE ADDM KULLANIMI)... 13 1
VERİTABANI YÖNETİCİLİĞİ EĞİTİMİ DERS PROGRAMI 1.Hafta 1.Ders (TANIŞMA VE ORACLE TEKNOLOJİLERİ) Tanışma Oracle Teknolojileri Oracle 9i/10G/11G arasındaki temel farklar Windows/Linux Platformu Üzerinde Oracle Kurulumu Enterprise Manager / Toad Kullanımı Oracle Server ve Instance Oracle Fiziksel yapısı Memory Yönetimi System Global Area (SGA) yönetimi Shared Pool Library Cache Data Dictionary Cache Database Buffer Cache Redo Log Buffer Cache Large Pool Java Pool 2.Ders (ORACLE MEMORY KULLANIMI) Program Global Area (PGA) yönetimi Process Structure User Process işlemleri Server Process işlemleri Background Processes işlemleri Database Writer (DBWn) Log Writer (LGWR) System Monitor (SMON) Process Monitor (PMON) Checkpoint (CKPT) Archiver (ARCn) Logical Structure işlemleri Database Administration Tools Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) kavramı Oracle Software ve File Lokasyonları Database Yönetimi için Authentication Methodları Using Password File Authentication 2
SQL* Plus Initialization Parameter Files SPFILE ve spfilesid.ora Oracle Managed Files Veritabanının başlatılması ALTER DATABASE Comand Restricted Modda Database in başlatılması Read-Only Modda Database in başlatılması Veritabanının kapatılması Shutdown Opsiyonları 2.Hafta 3.Ders (ORACLE FİZİKSEL MİMARİSİ) Alert Log File yapısı Background / User Trace Files ve yapıları Enabling / Disabling User Tracing Database Yönetimi İşletim Sistemi Parametreleri Database Configuration Assistant(DBCA) kullanımı Veritabanı oluşturma standartları Instance ın başlatılması Database oluşturma yöntemleri Data Dictionary Parametreleri Data Dictionary ve Dynamic Performance Views sorgulamaları Control File yapısı OMF ile Control File yönetimi Redo Log File yapıları Clearing, Relocating, ve Renaming Online Redo Log Files OMF ile Online Redo Log Yönetimi SYSTEM ve Non-SYSTEM Tablespace yönetimi Locally Managed Tablespaces Dictionary Managed Tablespaces Tablespace Yapıları Tablespace Büyüklükleri OMF ile Tablespace Yönetimi Extent Allocation ve Deallocation Block Space Utilization Parametreleri 3
Automatic Segment-Space Yönetimi Data Dictionary Viewları Automatic Undo Management konfigürasyonu Temporary Tables oluşturma Nonpartitioned Table organizasyonu UNUSED opsiyon kullanımı 4.Ders (INDEX,CONSTRAINT YAPILARI VE KULLANICI YÖNETİMİ) Index yapıları B-Tree ve Bitmap Index karşılaştırmaları Allocating ve Deallocating Index Space Indexlerin yeniden oluşturulması Constraints tipleri Primary ve Unique Key bilgileri EXCEPTIONS Table kavramı Tablo oluşumunda constraint oluşturma Profiller Password Management oluşumu Profile oluşturma Profile yönetimi Resource Limit ayarları ve Session Level Database Resource Manager yönetimi Yeni kullanıcı oluşturma Tablespace üzerinde User Quota değişimi System Privileges ayarları Object Privileges kaldırma Auditing Kategorileri Database Audit opsiyonları Role bazlı Audit Enabling ve Disabling Roles Password kullanımı ve Default Roller Database Character Setleri ve National Character Set yapısı NLS Parameter kullanımı ve SQL Functions NLS ayarları 3.Hafta 5.Ders (ORACLE NETWORK MİMARİSİ) 4
Oracle Network Teknolojileri Basit ve Komplex Network: N-Tier Oracle Net Services Database Connectivity (IIOP ve http) Oracle Net ve Firewalls Client-Server Application Connection: No Middle-Tier The Listener Process Listener.ora File Logging ve Tracing Listener Control Utility (LSNRCTL) LSNRCTL SET ve SHOW Modifiers Host Naming Method Oracle Net Configuration Assistant Net Service Names ile konfigürasyon Host Name ve Listener Port tnsnames.ora sqlnet.ora Server Configurations Dedicated Server Processes Oracle Shared Server SGA ve PGA Configuring Oracle Shared Server CIRCUITS SHARED_SERVER_SESSIONS Data Dictionary Views Backup / Recovery Prensipleri Felaket Kategorileri User Process Felaket çözümü User Errors ların çözümü Instance Felaketlerinin çözümü Backup and Recovery Strategy geliştirme Operasyonel gereklilikler Disaster Recovery Prensipleri Large Pool Database Buffer Cache, DBWn, ve Datafiles Redo Log Buffer, LGWR, ve Redo Log Files CKPT Process ARCn Process ve Archived Log Files Phases for Instance Recovery Tuning the Duration of Instance ve Crash Recovery 5
Tuning the Phases of Instance Recovery Fast-Start On-Demand Rollback Monitoring Parallel Rollback Redo Log History 6.Ders (ONLINE BACKUP,RMAN KULLANIMI) Noarchivelog Mode Archivelog Mode Archiving Mode değiştirme Additional Archive Processesleri başlatma / durdurma Enabling Automatic Archiving at Instance Startup Manually Archiving Online Redo Log Files LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Options Minimum Number of Local Destinations File Name Format açıklaması Archive Log bilgilerini anlamak Recovery Manager Gereksinimleri RMAN Repository: Using the Control File Manual Channel Allocation Automatic Channel Allocation Connecting Without a Recovery Catalog RMAN Commands RMAN Configuration Settings Recovery Manager Packages RMAN Usage Considerations User-Managed Backup and Recovery Backup Methods Open Database Backup Failure During Online Tablespace Backup Manual Control File Backups 4.Hafta 7.Ders (RMAN YÖNETİM YAPISI) Verifying Backups Using the DBVERIFY Utility DBVERIFY Command-Line Interface Recovery Manager Backups(RMAN) Backup Setleri 6
Backup Set karakteristikleri Backup parça büyüklükleri Multiplexed Backup Sets Archived Redo Log File Backups Datafile Backup Set Processing Characteristics of an Image Copy Database Klonlama Incremental Backup farklılıkları RMAN Control File Autobackups RMAN Dynamic Views RMAN Backups kontrolü Media Recovery Archivelog ve Noarchivelog Modes Recovery in Noarchivelog Mode Complete Recovery in Archivelog Mode User-Managed Recovery Procedures Complete Recovery Methods Complete Recovery of a Closed Database Recovery of a Datafile Without a Backup Loss of Control Files Recovering Control Files 8.Ders (BACKUP /RESTORE) Restoration ve Datafile Media Recovery Using RMAN Using RMAN to Recover a Database in Archivelog Mode Using RMAN to Recover a Tablespace Incomplete Recovery Overview Incomplete Recovery ve the Alert Log RECOVER Command Time-Based Recovery UNTIL TIME Recovery Cancel-Based Recovery Using a Backup Control File During Recovery Incomplete Recovery of a Database Using RMAN RMAN Incomplete Recovery UNTIL SEQUENCE Cross Checking Backups ve Copies Deleting Backups ve Copies Deleting Backups ve Copies Changing the Status to Unavailable Cataloging Archived Redo Log Files and User-Managed Backups 7
The CHANGE UNCATALOG Command 5.Hafta 9.Ders (KULLANICI BAZLI BACKUP) Recovery Catalog Contents Additional Features Which Require the Recovery Catalog Connecting Using a Recovery Catalog Resetting a Database Incarnation Recovery Catalog Reporting Viewing the Recovery Catalog Backup of Recovery Catalog Recovering the Recovery Catalog Oracle Export and Import Utility Export Modes Command-Line Export Direct-Path Export Import Modes Invoking Import as SYSDBA National Language Support Data Loading Methods Serial Direct-Load Inserts SQL*Loader Conventional and Direct Path Loads SQL*Loader Control File Logical Records Discarded or Rejected Records Tuning Phases Common Tuning Problems Results of Common Tuning Problems Tuning Steps During Production Tuning Using the Alert Log File Background Processes Trace Files User Trace Files Views, Utilities, and Tools Dictionary and Special Views Topics for Troubleshooting and Tuning 8
Collecting Session-Related Statistics STATSPACK UTLBSTAT and UTLESTAT Utilities The V$EVENT_NAME View The V$SYSTEM_EVENT View The V$SESSION_WAIT View Performance Manager DBA-Developed Tools 10.Ders (PERFORMANS YÖNETİMİ) The System Global Area The Shared Pool Tuning the Library Cache Sizing the Library Cache View to Support Cached Execution Plans Large Memory Requirements Tuning the Shared Pool Reserved Space The Data Dictionary Cache, Terminology, and Tuning Tuning the Data Dictionary Cache UGA and Oracle Shared Server Sizing the User Global Area Buffer Cache Sizing Parameters Dynamic SGA Feature Allocating Granules at Startup View to Support Buffer Cache Advisory Managing the Database Buffer Cache Diagnostic Tools Using Multiple Buffer Pools RECYCLE Buffer Pool Guidelines Dictionary Views with Buffer Pools Caching Tables Diagnosing Free List Contention Auto-management of Free Space Sizing the Redo Log Buffer Redo Log Buffer Tuning Guidelines Monitoring Java Pool Memory Multiple I/O Slaves Tuning DBWn I/O 9
Oracle Processes and Files Tablespace Usage Tuning Full Table Scan Operations Defining and Monitoring FASTSTART Checkpointing Online Redo Log File Configuration Archive Log File Configuration The Sorting Process Sort Area and Parameters Operations Requiring Sorts Monitoring Temporary Tablespaces Purpose of Latches Latch Contention Important Latches for the DBA Shared Pool and Library Cache Latches 6.Hafta 11.Ders (DB LOCKS VE MEMORY YAPISI) Rollback Segments: Usage Tuning the Manually Managed Rollback Segments Diagnosing Contention for Manual Rollback Segment Header Sizing Transaction Rollback Data Using Less Rollback Tablespace for Automatic Undo Management Switching Undo Tablespaces Parameters for Automatic Undo Management Locking Mechanism DML Locks DML Locks in Blocks Diagnostics Tools for Monitoring Locking Activity Deadlocks Oracle Shared Server Characteristics Monitoring Shared Servers Shared Servers and Memory Usage Obtaining Dictionary Information 12.Ders (PERFORMANS OPTİMİZASYON ÇALIŞMALARI) The Role of the Database Administrator Selecting the Physical Structure 10
Clusters B-Tree Indexes Creating and Maintaining Bitmap Indexes Reverse Key Index Index-Organized Tables (IOTs) Using a Mapping Table Materialized Views Materialized Views and Query Rewrites: OLTP Systems Decision Support Systems (Data Warehouses) Data Warehouse Requirements Database Storage Hierarchy Allocation of Extents Pros and Cons of Large Extents The DBMS_SPACE Package Database Block Size The DB_BLOCK_SIZE Parameter Detecting Migration and Chaining Monitoring Index Space Monitoring Index Usage Optimizer Modes Optimizer Plan Stability Creating Stored Outlines Editing Stored Outlines Using Hints in a SQL Statement SQL Reports in STATSPACK Using SQL Trace and TKPROF TKPROF Statistics Table Statistics Column Statistics Generating Histogram Statistics Copying Statistics Between Databases Operating System Tuning Virtual and Physical Memory Tuning Memory Tuning I/O CPU Tuning Overview of Database Resource Manager The Original Plan: SYSTEM_PLAN 11
Administering the Database Resource Manager Creating Database Resource Manager Changing a Consumer Group Within a Session Database Resource Manager Information 7.Hafta 13.Ders (ORACLE RAC YAPISI) Oracle RAC kurulumu Cluster Setup Tanımları Raw Partition kullanımı Cluster Configurasyonu Automatic Storage Management kurulumu ASM Storage ayarları Database Files için ayarlar Database oluşturma ADDM Analizi Servisler ve Resource Manager Load Balance ayarları 14.Ders (DATA GUARD VE STANDBY MİMARİSİ) Oracle Data Guard tanımlanması ve kurulması Oracle Data Guard Mimarisi Data Guard Redo Apply Architecture Data Guard SQL Apply Architecture Data Guard Broker Configurations Enterprise Manager 11g Grid Control kullanımı Physical Standby Database oluşturmak Standby Redo Log oluşturmak Data Guard Performance gözlemleme Flashback Database kullanılarak log apply Log shipping tanımları FTP yada NFS scriptlerinin oluşturulması 12
8.Hafta 15. Ders (GOLDEN GATE KURULUMU & YÖNETİMİ) Linux ve Windows platformuna Oracle GoldenGate yüklenmesi GoldenGate komutlarının GGSCI üzerinde kullanımı Extract proseslerinin ayarlanması ve başlatılması Local ve Remote trail oluşturulması Data pump konfigürasyonu ve başlatılması Replicat proseslerinin konfigüre edilmesi Starting a Replicat process Extract ve Remote trail dosyalarının logdump ile kullanımı SQLEXEC kullanımı Macroların kullanımı 16.Ders (AWR VE ADDM KULLANIMI) Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) kullanımı Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) kullanımı Automatic Memory Management (AMM) kullanımı Automatic Shared Memory Advisor kullanımı Invalid ve Unusable Objeler SQL Tuning ve SQL Advisors Tuning Phases Common Tuning Problems Results of Common Tuning Problems Tuning Steps During Production Tuning Using the Alert Log File Locking Mechanism DML Locks DML Locks in Blocks 13