WHAT IS YOUR NAME? İÇİNDEKİLER Dilbilgisi: Olmak Fiili Dinleme & Konuşma: Tanışma Okuma: Alfabe, Sayma Sayıları ile Ülkeler ve Uyruklar İNGİLİZCE I HEDEFLER Bu üniteyi çalıştıktan sonra; Kendinizi, bir başkasını tanıtabilecek, insanları tanıyabilmek için sorular sorabilecek, Kendinizin, bir arkadaşınızın ya da bir akrabanızın ismini harf harf söyleyebilecek, Sayıları tanıyıp sayabilecek, Kişilerin nereli olduklarını sorabilecek, kendi uyruğunuzu ve ülkenizi söyleyebileceksiniz. ÜNİTE 1
UNIT 1 WHAT IS YOUR NAME? Giriş: To be (olmak) fiilini Geniş Zaman veya içinde olduğumuz zamanda bir kimsenin ya da bir şeyin durumunu veya özelliklerini belirtmek için kullanırız. Kısaca to be benim, senin, başkasının veya başkalarının ne, kim, nerede ve nasıl olduğunu gösterir. To be fiilinin geniş zamanda üç şekli (am, is, are) vardır. To Be : (am, is, are) Olmak Fiili To Be filli geniş zamanda şahıs zamirlerine göre üç farklı şekilde kullanılır. Bunlar am, is ve are dır. Durum bildirir. İsimler, sıfatlar ve edatlarla kullanılır. (+): (?): (-): Kısaltmalar I am you are he/she/it is we are you are they are am I? are you? is he/she/it? are we? are you? are they? I am not you are not he/she/it is not we are not you are not they are not (+) I m you re he s/she s/it s we re you re they re (-) I m not you aren t he/she/it isn t we aren t you aren t they aren t Örnekler I am a lecturer. (Ben bir öğretmenim.) Are you English? (Siz İngiliz misiniz?) She is not at the university now. (O şu an üniversitede değil.) Mrs. Yüksel is from Bursa. (Bayan Yüksel Bursalıdır.) The children are very excited. (Öğrenciler çok heyecanlı.) Günlük konuşmalarda ve yazışmalarda, resmi olmayan durumlarda kısaltma kullanırız: I m you re he s she s it s we re they re Hakan s car s I m a lawyer. You re sad. Bilge s in İstanbul. The store s closed. We re happy. To Be fiili ile soru cümlesi (?) üretmek için fiili, öznenin önüne getiririz. 6 (+): I am tired. The plane is here. We are the champion. Your books are in the bag. (?): Am I tired? Is the plane here? Are we the champion? Are your books in the bag? Aşağıdaki soru kelimelerinin hepsini biliyor muydunuz? Who (Kim) What (Ne) When (Ne zaman)
Where (Nerede) Why (Neden) How (Nasıl) How many (Kaç tane) How much (Ne kadar) How long (Ne kadar zamandır) To Be nin soru kelimeleriyle kullanımına örnekler aşağıda yer almaktadır: Who s that woman? What s this animal? When s your birthday party? Where are the museums? Why are you angry? How are you? To Be ile olumsuz cümle (-) kurmak için am/is/are yapıları veya m, re, s kısaltmalarından sonra not yapısını kullanırız. I am not from England, but from Scotland. (Ben İngiltereli değilim, ama İskoçyalıyım.) We are not at school at the moment. (Biz şu an okulda değiliz.) I m not ready for now. She s not well-behaved. They re not chemical engineers. (Şu an hazır değilim.) (O iyi huylu değil.) (Onlar kimya mühendisi değiller.) Aynı zamanda, n t ile kısaltma yapabiliriz: you aren t, she isn t, v.b. (Fakat I amn t şeklinde bir kısaltma mümkün değildir). To Be fiili ile şu sıfatları sıklıkla kullanabiliriz: good, bad, hardworking, lazy, hungry, thirsty, hot, cold, right, wrong, afraid, interested, what colour?, what size?, what shape? how old? vb. Örn.; I am hungry and thirsty. (Ben aç ve susuzum.) A- What color are your eyes? (Gözleriniz ne renk?) B- My eyes are black. (Gözlerim siyah.) Ve aynı zamanda be fiilini yaşımızı, kilomuzu, boyumuzu ifade etmek için de kullanabiliriz. A - How old are you? B- I m 29. A- What size are your shoes? B- They are 42. Personal Pronouns (Şahıs Zamirleri) Personal Pronouns diye adlandırılan Şahıs Zamirleri, cümlede eylemi, işi ve oluşu gerçekleştiren varlığın yerine kullanılır. Türkçeden farklı olarak, İngilizcede 3. tekil şahıs zamirleri 3 e ayrılır. Eril varlıklar için he, dişil varlıklar için she, hayvanlar, bitkiler ve cansız varlıklar için ise it yapıları kullanılır. Özne Durumundaki Şahıs Zamirleri I You He She It We You They Ben Sen O O O Biz Siz Onlar Eril Dişil Cansız 7
Özne : I, you vb. I am a student. You are not strong. Is he in the garden? A: Who is it on the phone? B: It s me, Burak Who are you? How old is she? Where are they now? It, they, şahıs zamirlerini cansız varlıklara, hayvanlara, olaylara, etkinliklere, soyut kavramlara (ülke, duygu, düşünce) vb. atıfta bulunurken kullanırız. I like Erzurum, but it is very cold in winter. I have got two cars. They are very comfortable. My hobby is bungeejumping. It is very exciting. It şahıs zamirini, zaman, tarih, uzaklık, hava durumu gibi birçok durumu bildirirken kullanırız. A) What time is it? It is nine o clock. B) Which day is it today? It s Tuesday today. C) When is your birthday? It s on December 14th. D) How far is the city center from here? It s 20 kilometres. E) How is the weather today? It s very hot today. EVALUATION QUESTIONS Exercise 1. 1- Fill in the following blanks with the verb To Be (am, is, are). 1. It very hot today outside. 2. I at university campus now. 3. They Turkish. 4. There a a pencil on the desk. 5. My name Selin. 6. We from Britain. 7. That a false answer. 8. I OK, thanks. 9. Nisa and Caner married. 10. She an English teacher. 8 Exercie 1. 2- Fill in the following blanks using negative forms of the verb To Be (am, is, are). 1. This book my book. 2. Kamil and Ayça married. 3. That right. 4. My brother here at the moment. 5. We in France. 6. It Tuesday today. 7. Süleyman's surname Öztürk. 8. I a lecturer. 9. My name Bilge. 10. There many students in this class.
Exercise 1. 3- Rewrite the sentences making questions using the verb To Be (am, is, are). 1. This exercise is difficult. 2. We're from Norhern Ireland. 3. My grandmother's name's Zübeyde Melahat. 4. The children are in the garden. 5. You're English. 6. My car is very comfortable. 7. This is my student's notebook. 8. These pictures are very nice. 9. Mehmet is twenty-five years old. 10. I'm fine. Exercise 1. 4- Fill in the blanks with Personal Pronouns. 1. My name is Mika HAKKINEN. (Mika) am an F1 pilot from Finland. And this is my family. 2. My mum's name is Hayrunnisa. (Hayrunnisa) is from İskenderun. 3. Caner is my dad. (My dad) is a school director. 4. On the left you can see Hakan. (Hakan) is my brother. 5. (Serkan and Melek) are twins. 6. The name of our canary is Boncuk. (Boncuk) is two years old. 7. (Serkan, Hakan, Caner, and Nisa) live in Mediterranean Region. 8. (Artvin) is not far from Trabzon. 9. My grandparents live in Antalya. (My grandparents) often come and see us. 10. What can (Ayşe) do? GREETING PEOPLE A Man : Hello and good morning! My name is Baha. What is your name? A Woman : My name is Lucy. A Man : Nice to meet you, Lucy. A Woman : Nice to meet you, too. A Man : Where are you from, Lucy? A Woman : I am from England. I m English. What about you? A Man : I m from Turkey. I m Turkish. Where are your parents from? Are they from England, too? 9
A Woman : No, they are not from England. They are from Germany. They are German. What about your parents? A Man : My father is from Turkey and my mother is from Turkish Cyprus. That is, my father is Turkish but my mother is Turkish Cypriot. A Woman : How old are you, Baha? A Man : I m eighteen years old, how about you? A Woman : I m twenty one years old. EVALUATION QUESTIONS Exercise 1. 5- Match the following questions with the answers. ( ) 1- What is your name? ( ) 2- Where are you from? ( ) 3- How old are you? ( ) 4- Are you Turkish? A- I m from Turkey. B- I m nineteen years old. C- Yes, I m Turkish. D- My name is Exercise 1. 6- Match the following countries with nationalities using a dictionary. ( ) 1- Italy ( ) 2- Switzerland ( ) 3- Sweden ( ) 4- The Netherlands ( ) 5- France ( ) 6- Austria A- Swedish B- Iraqi C- Italian D- Dutch E- Swiss F- Austrian ( ) 7- Portugal ( ) 8- Spain ( ) 9-Iran ( ) 10- Greece ( ) 11- Russia ( ) 12- Iraq G-Portuguese H-Spanish I- Russian J- Greek K- Iranian L- French 10
1. THE ENGLISH ALPHABET A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Harflerin Okunuşları: A(ey) B(bi) C(si) D(di) E(i) F(ef) G(ci) H(eyç) I(ay) J(cey) K(key) L(el) M(em) N(en) O(o) P(pi) Q(ku) R(ar) S(es) T(ti) U(yu) V(vi) W(dabılyu) X(eks) Y(vay) Z(zet) Exercise 1.7- a) Do you know the letter which are in English but not in Turkish? Write them down. Exercise 1.7- b) Do you know the letters which are in Turkish but not in English? Write them down. Exercise 1.7- c) Spell the following words. student teacher life world exam university 2. THE NUMBERS a) 1 den 20 ye kadar olan sayılar aşağıdaki gibidir. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four e) Five f) Six g) Seven h) Eight i) Nine j) Ten k) Eleven l) Twelve m) Thirteen n) Fourteen o) Fifteen p) Sixteen q) Seventeen r) Eighteen s) Nineteen t) Twenty 11
b) 20 den 1.000.000.000 a kadar olan sayılar aşağıdaki gibidir 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1000 1000000 1000000000 Twenty Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety one hundred one thousand one million one billion 20 den sonraki sayılara one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine sayıları eklenerek söylenir. 21=twenty one 22=twenty two 23=twenty three 24=twenty for 35=thirty five 46=forty six 57=fifty seven 68=sixty eight 79=seventy nine Sayı ikiden fazla haneliyse son iki haneden önce genelde and kelimesi kullanılır. 150=one hundred and fifty, 1760=one thousand seven hundred and sixty Exercise 1.8- Write the following numbers in digits. Fifteen five two twenty One seven three eleven Eight nineteen seventeen twelve Fourteen sixteen four six 3.COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES Countries Turkey Spain Poland Italy Mexico Russia Germany Australia Brazil Taiwan Japan China France Nationalities Turkish Spanish Polish Italian Mexican Russian German Australian Brazilian Taiwanese Japanese Chinese French -ish -an -ese -ch 12
WRITING ABOUT YOURSELF Hello! I am Gerard. I am from France. I am eighteen years old. My father is Geoffrey. He is a police officer. My mother is Karla and she is a housewife. My elder brother is Pascal. He is a police officer. Kendiniz hakkında benzer cümleler yazınız. 13