Supplementary Materials: Assessing the Environmental Sustainability of Electricity Generation in Turkey on a Life Cycle Basis

Transkript

1 Supplementary Materials: Assessing the Environmental Sustainability of Electricity Generation in Turkey on a Life Cycle Basis Burcin Atilgan and Adisa Azapagic Table S1. Lignite plants. Plant Location Type Installed Annual Generation Contribution to Total Efficiency Secondary Capacity (MW) in 2010 (GWh) Generation (%) (%) Fuel Oil (t) 1 Afsin Elbistan A K. Maras PC b Afsin Elbistan B K. Maras PC + FDG c Mart Can Canakkale CFB d Kangal Sivas PC + FDG e Orhaneli Bursa PC + FDG Seyitomer Kutahya PC Tuncbilek Kutahya PC Kemerkoy Mugla PC + FDG Soma A Manisa PC Soma B Manisa PC Yatagan Mugla PC + FDG Yenikoy Mugla PC + FDG Cayirhan Park Beypazarı PC + FDG Total 8081 (8140) f 35,494 (35,942) f a The 13 plants listed in the table are connected to the grid. The remaining three plants are auto producers which are not connected to the grid. b PC: pulverised coal. c FGD: flue gas desulphurisation. d CFB: circulating fluidised bed. e FGD installed on one unit of 157 MW. f The total lignite installed capacity in 2010 was 8140 MW and the generation was 35,942 GWh. The difference from the installed capacity and the generation shown in the table is due to a lack of data for the three auto producer plants not included in the table. However, total actual electricity generation has been used to estimate the impacts from lignite plants. S1

2 Table S2. Hard coal plants. Plant Location Type Installed Capacity Annual Generation Contribution to Total Efficiency (MW) in 2010 (GWh) Generation (%) (%) 1 Catalagzi Zonguldak Hard coal, PC Karabiga Canakkale Imported coal, CFB Isken Sugozu Adana Imported coal, PC + FGD Silopi/Sirnak Silopi Asphaltite, CFB Eren Catalagzi Zonguldak Imported coal, SC b + CFB 1360 c Total 3520 (3751) d 16,099 (19,104) d a The five plants listed in the table are connected to the grid. The remaining three plants are auto producers which are not connected to the grid. b SC: supercritical coal. c 1230 MW of supercritical coal and 160 MW of circulating fluidised bed. d The total installed capacity in 2010 was 3751 MW and the generation was 19,104 GWh. The difference from the installed capacity and generation shown in the table is due to a lack of specific data for some of the three auto producer plants not included in the table. However, total actual electricity generation has been used to estimate the impacts from hard coal plants. Table S3. Natural gas plants. Plant Location Installed Capacity Annual Generation in Contribution to Total Efficiency (MW) 2010 (GWh) Generation (%) (%) 1 Ambarli Istanbul Bursa Bursa Hamitabat Luleburgaz Aliaga Izmir Adapazari 1 Adapazari , Adapazari 2 Adapazari Baymina Ankara Izmir Izmir , Enron Trakya Tekirdag Esenyurt Istanbul Colakoglu Dilovasi Kocaeli Uni Mar IPR Tekirdag Aksa Antalya Antalya Aksa Manisa Manisa Alarko Altek Kirklareli S2

3 16 Cakmaktepe Izmir Antalya Antalya Arenko Denizli Ayen OSTIM Ankara Berk Istanbul Binatom Emet BIS Bursa BOSEN Bursa Burgaz Luleburgaz Can Enerji Tekirdag Can Tekirdag Camis Mersin Cengiz Samsun Cebi Celik Uzunciftlik Cerkezkoy Tekirdag Delta Enerji SA Bandirma Entek Koc Istanbul Entek Kosekoy Falez Global Pelitlik Hacisirahmet HABAS Izmir Hayat Kagit Karege Arges Kemalpasa Modern Noren RASA Van Sayenerji Kayseri Sonmez Usak Sahinler Corlu Tekirdag T Enerji S3

4 49 Ugur Tekirdag Zorlu (B.Karistiran) Luleburgaz Zorlu (Bursa) Bursa Zorlu (Sincan) Ankara Zorlu (Kayseri) Kayseri Zorlu (Yalova) Yalova AK (K.Pasa) Kemalpasa AK (Bozuyuk) Bozuyuk AK (C.Koy) Cerkezkoy AKSA Yalova ATAER Baticim Bil Balgat Ankara Camis Trakya DESA Gul Ege Birlesik Izmir Enerji SA Kosekoy Enerji SA Canakkale Enerji SA Adana Enerji SA Mersin Entek Demirtas Eskisehir 2 Eskisehir KEN Kipas Karen K.Maras MOSB Manisa Maksi Nuh Yurtbay Eskisehir Total 16,709 91,369 (18,213) b (98,144) b Blank spaces in the table indicate no data availability. a The plants listed in the table are connected to the grid. The remaining 111 plants are auto producers which are not connected to the grid. b The total installed capacity in 2010 was 18,213 MW and the generation was 98,144 GWh. The difference from the installed capacity and generation shown in the table is due to a lack of data for the auto producer plants not included in the table. However, total actual electricity generation has been used to estimate the impacts from gas plants. S4

5 Table S4. Reservoir hydropower plants. Plant Location Installed Capacity (MW) Generation in 2010 (GWh) 1 Ataturk Sanliurfa Karkamis Gaziantep Karakaya Diyarbakir Dicle Diyarbakir Kralkizi Diyarbakir Batman Diyarbakir Keban Elazig Ozluce Elazig Altinkaya Samsun Derbent Samsun Obruk Corum Hasan Ugurlu Samsun Suat Ugurlu Samsun Gokcekaya Eskisehir Yenice Ankara Sariyar H.P. Ankara Gezende Icel Aslantas Osmaniye Hirfanli Kirsehir Kesikkopru Ankara Kapulukaya Kirikkale Menzelet K.Maras Kilickaya Sivas Camligoze Sivas Demirkopru Manisa Adiguzel Denizli Kemer Aydin Almus Tokat Kokluce Tokat Kurtun Gumushane S5

6 31 Torul Gumushane Catalan Adana Borcka Artvin Muratli Artvin Karacaoren Burdur Kockopru Van Hosap Van Seyhan Adana Kadincik 1 Mersin Kadincik 2 Mersin Sir K.Maras Berke Osmaniye Manavgat Antalya Karacaoren 2 Burdur Birecik S.Urfa Yamula Kayseri Uzuncayir Tunceli Oymapinar Antalya Total 12,732 44,106 (13,067) a (44,468) b a The total installed capacity in 2010 was 13,067 MW. The difference from the capacity shown in the table is due to a lack of specific data for some of the plants. b The total generation in 2010 was 44,468 GWh. The difference from the generation shown in the table is due to a lack of specific data for some of the plants. However, total actual electricity generation has been used to estimate the impacts from reservoir hydropower plants. S6

7 Table S5. Run of river hydropower plants. Plant Installed Generation in Installed Generation in Plant Capacity (MW) 2010 (GWh) Capacity (MW) 2010 (GWh) 1 Cag Cag Firtina Sumer Dogankent Filyos Yalnizca Goksu Erenkoy Turkerler Kadincik Hamzali Turkon Kadincik HGM Keklicek Kepez Selimoglu Kovada Yukari Mahnahoz Sanliurfa IC EN Calkisla Sizir Ictas Yukari Mercan Girlevik Kabaca Kisik Molu Tortum Kale Yuregidir Kalen I II Aksu Caykoy Kaletepe Kayen AYEN Camlica Karadeniz Uzundere Berdan Karasu Fethiye Karel Pamukova Gaziler KAR EN Aralik Girlevi Mercan Kulp IV Gonen Lamas III Hasanlar Maras Firnis Sucati Murgul Tohma Medik Ozgur Tahta Akcay Oztay Gunayse Akim Pamuk Toroslar Akkoy PETA Mursal II Akua Resadiye Alp Tinaztepe Resadiye Anadolu Cakirlar Resadiye S7

8 30 Asa Kale Saritepe Bayburt Sarmasik Bereket Dalaman Sarmasik Bereket Feslek Selen Kepezkaya Bereket Gokyar Su Cayoren Bereket Koyulhisar ISKUR Suleymanli Bereket Mentas Tektug Erkenek Beytek Tektug Andirin EnerjiSA Birkapili Tektug Kalealti Bahcelik Molu Tektug Kargilik Cansu Tektug Keban Deresi Berkman Enova Tum Pinar Oskan Enova YPM Susehri Ceykar YAPISAN Hacilar Cakit YAPISAN Karica Caldere Yavuz Masat Cenay Yesilbas Degirmenustu Zorlu Cildir Dim Zorlu Ikizdere Elestas Yaylabel Zorlu Mercan Dodurga Elta Tasova Yeniderekoy EnerjiSA Sahmallar TEMSA Gozede EnerjiSA Kizilduz Tocak I Yurt Erenler BME Egemen Enersis I II Erikli Akocak Others Esen 2 Goltas Total S8

9 Table S6. Onshore wind plants. Plant Location Installed Capacity (MW) Turbine Power (MW) Number of Turbines Generation in 2010 (GWh) 1 Mersin Mut Mersin Ayyildiz Balikesir Sarikaya Tekirdag / Cataltepe Balikesir Kuyucak Manisa / Camseki Canakkale / Cesme Izmir Keltepe Balikesir Intepe Canakkale ARES Izmir Bandirma 3 Balikesir Akbuk Aydin Samli Balikesir Senbuk Hatay Belen Hatay Aliaga Izmir Soma Manisa Bandirma 3 Balikesir Boreas Edirne Bozcaada Canakkale Dares Datca Mugla / Sebenoba Hatay Karakurt Manisa Sayalar Manisa Burgaz Canakkale / Sares Canakkale Yuntdag Izmir Kores 2 Izmir Kemerburgaz Istanbul Mazi 1 Izmir / S9

10 31 Mazi 3 Izmir Gokcedag Osmaniye Turguttepe Aydin Catalca Istanbul Sunjut Istanbul Tepe Istanbul Duzova Izmir Bandirma 3 Balikesir / Ziyaret Hatay Total (2916) a a The total generation in 2010 was GWh. The difference from the generation shown in the table is due to a lack of specific data for some of the plants. However, total actual electricity generation has been used to estimate the impacts from wind plants. Table S7. Geothermal power plants. Name Place Installed Capacity (MW) Generation in 2010 (GWh) Temperature ( o C) 1 Kizildere Denizli Tuzla Canakkale Dora 2 Aydin Germencik (Gurmat) Aydin Kizildere Bereketli Denizli Dora 1 (Salavatli) Aydin Total Table S8. Annual abiotic depletion potential (ADP elements) over the period kg Sb eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL S10

11 Table S9. Annual abiotic depletion potential (ADP fossil) over the period (ADP elements). MJ Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S10. Annual acidification potential (AP) over the period kg SO2 eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of river Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S11. Annual eutrophication potential (EP) over the period kg PO4 eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL S11

12 Table S12. Annual freshwater aquatic ecoto icity potential (FAETP) over the period kg DCB eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S13. Annual global warming potential (GWP) over the period kg CO2 eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S14. Annual human to icity potential (HTP) over the period kg DCB eq. Lignite Hard coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL S12

13 Table S15. Annual marine aquatic ecoto icity potential (MAETP) over the period kg DCB eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S16. Annual ozone layer depletion potential (ODP) over the period kg R11 eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL Table S17. Annual photochemical o idants creation potential (POCP) over the period kg C2H4 eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL S13

14 Table S18. Annual terrestrial ecoto icity potential (TETP) over the period kg DCB eq. Lignite Hard Coal Gas Reservoir Run of River Wind Geothermal TOTAL S14