Local Experience, Worldwide Expertise

Local Experience, Worldwide Expertise Reinforced Earth İnşaat Proje ve Ticaret A.Ş. Alemdar, Merkez Mah. Şehit Murat Demir Cad. No:69/D ÜMRANİYE 34794 - İSTANBUL TURKEY Tel. : (+90) 216.484.41.79 Fax : (+90) 216.484.41.74 1

BACKGROUND Reinforced Earth wall system was invented by French Engineer Henry Vidal in 1963. Reinforced Earth wall system is recognized as a major innovation in the field of civil engineering. More than 35 million m 2 wall have been completed all over the world. 2

PRINCIPLE Reinforced Earth is based on very simple concept. The frictional forces developed at the contact points between compacted granular fill and reinforcing strips result in a permanent bond providing a composite material. Components; Facing Panels Galvanised Steel Strips Connection Parts (Lugs, Bolts and Nuts) Granular Backfill 3

FACING PANELS Panel type and dimensions are based on wall height and geometry. Erection of standard A4 type panel Cut panel examples 4

GALVANISED HIGH ADHERENCE STEEL STRIPS The reinforcing strips are high adherence medium tensile steel with a rupture strength of not less than 510 N/mm 2 and hot dipped galvanized to provide a coating of not less than 70 μm. 5

CONNECTION PARTS Steel strips are bolted to lugs, which are already inserted in pre-cast concrete facing panel 6

GRANULAR BACKFILL Reinforced Earth Backfill Material Gradation Sieve Size (mm) 125 (5 ) 75 (3 ) 12.5 (1/2 ) 2 (No.10) 0.59 (No.30) 0.075 (No.200) Percent Passing 100 85-100 25-100 15-100 10-65 Max. 15 Also, Cu >5 & PI <6 7

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS Panel pre-casting and storage Construction of levelling pad and Panel Placement Filling and compacting each strip layer Connecting strips to the panels, filling and compacting Construction of coping units 8

PANEL PRECASTING AND STORAGE Concrete Facing Panels Compressive strength; Cube strength to be not less than 34 N/mm 2 Cylinder strength to be not less than 27 N/mm 2 Typical Pre-casting Yard 9

PANEL PLACEMENT FOR INITIAL COURSE 10

ERECTION OF BOTTOM PANELS 11

COMPACTION OF BACKFILL Backfill is carried with traditional machinery and compacted in 37.5 cm thick layers. 12

CONNECTING STEEL STRIPS AND PANELS 13

CONSTRUCTION OF COPING UNITS 14

DESIGN CONCEPT Utilization of Valdez Software (TAI program) Analysis of; External Stability Internal Stability 15

DESIGN CONCEPT External Stability Overturning Check Base Sliding Check 16

DESIGN CONCEPT Internal Stability Strip Rupture Check Connection Check Adherence Check 17

ADVANTAGES Earthquake resistance Flexibility, making it possible to build directly on compressible foundation soils Ease of installation Considerable Savings Providing Aesthetic view Providing possibility to work in limited spaces 18

APPLICATION FIELDS Retaining Walls including Tiered Walls Bridge Abutments and Approach Ramps Railways Water Structures Military and Industrial Structures 19

RETAINING WALLS 20

BRIDGE ABUTMENTS AND APPROACHING RAMPS 21

RAILWAYS 22

WATER STRUCTURES 23

MILITARY AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES 24

REFERENCES COMPLETED REINFORCED EARTH PROJECTS IN TURKEY PROCECT NAME APPLICATION DATE EMPLOYER CONTRACTOR AREA (m 2 ) Kınalı-Sakarya Motorway 1989-1990 KGM IGL 3,700 Havza-Vezirköprü Intersection 1990-1991 KGM Bal-İş 3,000 İzmir-Çeşme Motorway 1990-1992 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 24,000 Ankara Bus Station 1992-1993 Ankara Belediyesi Metiş 3,500 Kazım Karabekir Intersection - Ankara 1993 Ankara Belediyesi Metiş 4,200 Pozantı - Tarsus Motorway 1993 Ankara Belediyesi Doğuş 1,700 Gümüşova-Gerede Motorway 1991-1994 KGM Astaldi-Bayındır 11,500 Bursa - Karacabey Highway 1995 KGM - 900 Okmeydanı Intersection - İstanbul 1995-1996 İstanbul Belediyesi Polat İnşaat 3,500 Kasımpaşa Intersection - İstanbul 1996 İstanbul Belediyesi Kiska 2,500 Sefaköy Intersection - İstanbul 1996 İstanbul Belediyesi Güngen 1,600 Pendik-Kurtköy Highway - Istanbul 1996 İstanbul Belediyesi Yapısal 2,000 Çubuklu Intersection - İstanbul 1996 İstanbul Belediyesi Kurular 1,200 Osman Kibar Intersection - İzmir 1997 İzmir Belediyesi Bayındır İnşaat 1,000 Ege Üniversitesi Intersection - İzmir 1997 İzmir Belediyesi Bayındır İnşaat 900 Toprakkale-İskenderun Motorway 1993-1997 KGM Nurol İnşaat 45,000 TAG Motorway 1991-1998 KGM Tekfen İnşaat 45,000 Çankaya-Mamak Highway 1992-1998 Ankara Bel. Ceylan İnşaat 45,000 Izmir Highway 1995-1998 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 15,000 Haliç Bridge - İstanbul 1998 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 350 İzmir Industerial zone 1 ve 2 Intersections 1998 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 9,000 İzmir Doğanlar Intersection 1998 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 3,000 TAG Highway W19 Wall 1998 KGM Tekfen İnşaat 25 250

REFERENCES COMPLETED REINFORCED EARTH PROJECTS IN TURKEY PROCECT NAME APPLICATION DATE EMPLOYER CONTRACTOR AREA (m 2 ) TAG Motorway V5 Viaduct 1998 KGM Tekfen İnşaat 2,400 Samsun Kerimbey Bridge 1998 KGM Tubin İnşaat 1,100 İzmir-Highway Çeşme - 5 and 6 Walls 1998-1999 KGM Bayındır İnşaat 10,000 Toprakkale-İskenderun Highway(R2 ve R3 Walls) 1998-1999 KGM Nurol İnşaat 14,000 Mersin - Ahmet Taner Kışlalı Bridge 1999 Mersin Bel. Rem İnşaat 2,200 Toprakkale-Iskenderun Highway - Belen Intersection 2000 KGM Nurol İnşaat 2,000 Belde Limanı - Dilovası - Gebze 2000-2001 Belde İşletmeleri Belde İşletmeleri 2,400 Toprakkale-Iskenderun Highway - Free Zone 2001 KGM Nurol İnşaat 3,400 Toprakkale-Iskenderun Highway - Payas Intersection 2001 KGM Nurol İnşaat 3,500 İskenderun-Belen Motorway Pass 2001 KGM Nurol İnşaat 3,500 Ankara Çankaya City General Community School 2001 Ankara Valiliği Yanarsu İnşaat 500 Osmaniye Municpal Hospital 2001 Baynd. Bakan. Zay Yapı 2,400 İyidere - Çayeli Highway 1998-2001 KGM Bayındır-Limak 4,500 Çayeli-Ardeşen-Hopa Highway 2001-2004 KGM Cengiz-Mapa-Makyol 7,000 Artvin Intersection 2002 KGM Cengiz İnşaat 1,200 Carrefour - Bayrampaşa Surrounding Walls 2002 Carrefour Albayrak A.Ş. 5,500 İş Bank Towers Carpark - İstanbul 2002 İş Bankası İş Bankası 1,600 Sakarya University Football Field 2002 Sakarya Üni. Gelişim Yapı 1,300 Trabzon Coastal Highway Pass 2002-2006 KGM Mapa 11,000 D 817 Highway - Belen Pass 2002-2003 KGM Nurol İnşaat 3,000 Çobançeşme Intersection - İstanbul 2002-2003 İstanbul Belediyesi Asça İnşaat 26 2,400

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Approximately 400.000 m 2 reinforced earth walls have been completed in Turkey since 1989. 27

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Iskenderun - Toprakkale Motorway 28

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Bolu Gumusova-Gerede Anadolu Motorway 29

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Bolu Gumusova-Gerede Anadolu Motorway 30

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Iskederun-Belen Pass 31

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Black Sea Highway 32

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Black Sea Highway 33

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Black Sea Highway 34

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Black Sea Highway 35

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Black Sea Highway Intersection 36

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Bozüyük-Mekece Highvay ( DDY-8 Bridge Abutment ) 37

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Altunizade Intersection in Istanbul 38

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Altunizade Intersection in Istanbul 39

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Carrefour Shopping Centre Istanbul 40

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Şişli-Feriköy Intersection İstanbul 41

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Yeni Sahra Intersection - Istanbul 42

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Maltepe Intersection - Istanbul 43

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Davutpasa Intersection - Istanbul 44

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Çobançeşme Intersection Istanbul 45

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Silivri Highway Embankments - Istanbul 46

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Haramidere Intersection and Embankments - Istanbul 47

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Esenler TEM Connection - Istanbul 48

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Honda Factory - İzmit 49

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Belde Port near Istanbul 50

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Karacabey Intersection - Bursa 51

APPLICATIONS IN TURKEY Sakarya University Esentepe Campus 52

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY Zhumashov Residence Almaty Kazakhstan 53

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY Baltimore Beltway, Maryland USA 54

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY US 33 Improvements Lancaster, OH USA 55

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY RN202 Bis France 56

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY Dallas Rapid Transit-USA 57

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY Hiawatha MN USA 58

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY I-4 Parkway FL USA 59

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY Reinforced Earth Application in South Africa 60

APPLICATIONS OUTSIDE TURKEY TerraTrel Application France 61

The End Thank you for your time and interests! 62