UNIT THREE. (This house was built in 1900) Ç NDEK LER

UNIT THREE (This house was built in 1900) Ç NDEK LER PASSIVE VOICE without an agent Using Passive Voice when it is not so important who or what did the action. ( fli kimin yapt ya da iflin yap lmas na neyin sebep oldu u önemli olmad zamanlarda edilgen yap kullan m.) PASSIVE VOICE with an agent Using "by" phrase in Passive Voice when expressing who did or what caused the action. ( flin kim taraf ndan yap ld ya da ifle neyin sebep oldu unu ifade eden edilgen yap larda "by" kullan m.)

NG L ZCE 2 BU ÜN TEN N AMAÇLARI Bu üniteyi bitirdi inizde; fli kimin yapt ya da iflin yap lmas na neyin sebep verdi i önemli olmad zamanlarda edilgen yap kullan m n, flin kim taraf ndan yap ld ya da ifle neyin sebep verdi ini ifade eden edilgen yap larda "by" kullan m n ö reneceksiniz. NASIL ÇALIfiMALIYIZ? Yap lan aç klamalar dikkatle okuyunuz. Verilen örnekleri dikkatle inceleyiniz. Diyaloglar dikkatle okuyup, benzerlerini yazmaya çal fl n z. Al flt rmalar yap p yan tlar n z her ders sonundaki cevap anahtar ile karfl laflt r n z. Yanl fl yapt n z sorular üzerinde tekrar durunuz. Ünite özetlerini tekrar ediniz. Her ünite sonunda yer alan Ünite Testlerini yaparak bilginizi test ediniz. 62

UNIT THREE The First lesson THE PASSIVE VOICE without an agent These porcelains are made in Kütahya Bu dersimizde Passive Voice yani edilgen yap ile kurulan cümleleri ve edilgen yap gerektiren durumlar inceleyeceksiniz. Afla daki aç klamalar dikkatle takip ediniz. Somebody built this house in 1900. (Active Voice) Subject V 2 Object (Birisi bu evi 1900 senesinde infla etmifl.) This house was built in 1900. (Passive Voice) Subject be V 2 (Bu ev 1900 senesinde infla edilmifl.) Eylemin kimin taraf ndan ya da hangi sebepten ötürü gerçekleflti i önemli olmad ya da bilinmedi i durumlarda Passive Voice yani edilgen yap kullan l r. Yukar daki örnekte "Somebody built this house in 1900" cümlesi etken bir yap içermektedir. Bu cümlede evin birileri taraf ndan yap ld ifade edilmifltir. "This house was built in 1900" cümlesi ise edilgen bir yap ile kurulmufltur. Cümlede evin kimin taraf ndan ya da hangi sebeple yap ld üzerinde durulmam flt r. fade edilmek istenen evin hangi tarihte yap lm fl oldu udur. Tüm edilgen yap larda "be" yard mc fiilinin uygun flekli ile, eylemin 3. hali kullan l r. 63

O halde; 1. iflin kim veya ne taraf ndan yap ld n n vurgulanmad ve asl nda vurgulan mak istenenin iflin kendisi oldu u durumlarda ve People all over the world speak English. Subject V 1 Object (Dünyan n her yerinde insanlar ngilizce konuflurlar.) English is spoken all over the world. Subject be V 3 ( ngilizce dünyan n her yerinde konuflulur.) 2. öznenin bilinmedi i durumlarda genellikle edilgen yap tercih edilir ve kullan l r. Her ring was stolen last night. Subject be V 3 (Dün gece yüzü ü çal nd.) Dikkat etti iniz gibi edilgen yap da; etken cümlenin nesnesi özne olur. Someone mailed the package. Subject V 2 Object (Birisi paketi postalad ) The package was mailed. Subject be V 3 (Paket postaland.) Ancak, iflin kimin ve ne taraf ndan yap ld belli olmayan etken cümlelerde cümlenin öznesi edilgen cümlede yer almaz. People eat a lot of rice in China. Subject V 1 Object ( nsanlar Çin de çok pirinç yerler.) A lot of rice is eaten in China. Subject be V 3 (Çin de çok pirinç yenir.) Daha önce de belirtildi i gibi Passive Voice yani edilgen yap da kullan lan fiil format afla daki gibidir. be + V 3 (past participle) "be" tüm formlarda olabilir; am, is, are, were, has been, have been, will be v.s. 64 People speak Spanish in Venezuela. (Active Voice) Subject V 1 Object (Venezüella da insanlar spanyolca konuflur.) Spanish is spoken in Venezuela. (Passive Voice) Subject be V 3 (Venezüella da spanyolca konuflulur.)

Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. Etken cümlelerin, Passive Voice yani edilgen yap ya dönüfltürülürken nas l de ifltiklerine dikkat ediniz. Ayr ca unutmay n z ki iflin ya da eylemin kim/kimler ya da ne/neler taraf ndan gerçeklefltirildi ini bilmedi imiz ya da ifade etmek istenilenin iflin kendisi oldu u durumlarda etken cümledeki özne edilgen yap ya geçirilmez ayr ca öznenin belli olmad durumlarda da edilgen yap kullan l r. People grow tea in Rize. ( nsanlar Rize de çay yetifltirirler.) Tea is grown in Rize. (Çay Rize de yetiflir.) People make these porcelains in Kütahya. ( nsanlar bu porselenleri Kütahya da imal ederler.) These porcelains are made in Kütahya. (Bu porselenler Kütahya da imal edilir.) People speak French in France. ( nsanlar Fransa da Frans zca konuflurlar.) French is spoken in France. (Fransa da Frans zca konuflulur.) Someone has cancelled the soccer game. (Birisi futbol maç n iptal etti.) The soccer game has been cancelled. (Futbol maç iptal edildi.) People sell hammers at a hardware store. ( nsanlar h rdavatç da çekiç satar.) Hammers are sold at a hardware store. (H rdavatç da çekiç sat l r.) Someone has invited us to a party. (Birisi bizi partiye davet etti.) We have been invited to a party. (Partiye davet edildik.) Bu ünite de Simple Present Tense (Genifl Zaman), Simple Past Tense (Dili Geçmifl Zaman), Present Continuous Tense (fiimdiki Zaman), Present Perfect Tense ve Simple Future Tense (will) den fromlar nda oluflturulan etken cümlelerin, edilgen cümle yap lar na nas l dönüfltürülece ini ö reneceksiniz. 65

fiimdi afla daki tabloyu dikkatle inceleyiniz. Tabloyu yüksek sesle okuyunuz. ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE Simple Present Tense People produce cars in Bursa. Somebody cleans this room everyday. People don t often invite me to parties. am / is / are + V 3 Cars are produced in Bursa. This room is cleaned everyday. I m not often invited to parties. Simple Past (Sb + V 2 ) Somebody cleaned this room yesterday. Someone built that castle in 1700. Something blew the tree down. was / were + V 3 This room was cleaned yesterday. That castle was built in 1700. The tree was blown down. Present Continuous Tense (am/is/are + V 1 ing) am/is/are + being + V 3 Someone is cleaning the room at the moment. They are building a new highway round the city. Someone is serving me all the time. The room is being cleaned at the moment. A new highway is being built around the city. I m being served all the time. Present Perfect (have / has + V 3 ) They have taught English for many years. Somebody has cleaned the room. They haven t invited me to the party. have / has + been + V 3 English has been taught for many years. The room has been cleaned. I haven t been invited to the party. Simple Future (will + V 1 ) They ll teach English next year. Someone will post the letters next week. The bill won t include service. will + be + V 3 English will be taught next year. The letters will be posted next week. Service won t be included in the bill. 66

Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. Cümleleri Türkçe ye çevirmeye çal fl n z. Bilmedi iniz kelimeler için ünite sonundaki bilinmeyen kelimeler listesine göz at n z. They have planted a lot of flowers in the garden. Alot of flowers have been planted in the garden. They built the Bosphorous Bridge in 1973. The Bosphorous Bridge was built in 1973. They will do the experiment in the laboratory. The experiments will be done in the laboratory. They teach French and German in schools. French and Germany are taught in Schools. Someone is preparing the dinner for us at the moment. The dinner is being prepared for us at the moment. EXERCISE 1: Put the following active voice sentences into Passive Voice as in the example below. (Afla daki etken cümle yap lar n örnekteki gibi edilgen cümle yap lar na dönüfltürünüz) e.g e.g e.g e.g They will postpone the meeting. The meeting will be postponed. Someone rang the bell twice. The bell was rung twice. They are serving the tea in the garden. The tea is being served in the garden. They have brought me some warm clothes. I have been brought some warm clothes. 1. Someone will deliver the mail tomorrow..... 2. We sent out the letter yesterday..... 3. Something is ruining the crops..... 4. They have mailed us the samples today..... 5. Someone is organizing a student trip to the art museum..... 67

EXERCISE 2: Put the following passive voice statements into active sentences as in th example. (Afla daki edilgen cümle yap lar n örnekteki gibi etken cümle yap lar na dönüfltürünüz.) e.g e.g e.g e.g e.g Nuts are grown in Ordu and Giresun. People grow nuts in Ordu and Giresun. The Suez Canal was built in the nineteenth century. Someone built the Suez Canal in the nineteenth century. Her office is being decorated. Someone is decorating her office. That machine has been repaired. Someone has repaired that machine A hotel will be built on that field. Someone will build a hotel on that field. 1. The Keban Dam was opened in 1974. Someone.. 2. Cotton is grown in Çukurova. People.... 3. I m being served. Someone.. 4. The dinner has been prepared. Someone.. 5. This building will be paint next week. Someone..... 68

EXERCISE 3: Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (Afla daki boflluklar parantez içindeki fiillerin do ru halleri ile doldurunuz.) e.g e.g People don t use this road very often. This road isn t used (not / use) very often. They cancelled all flights because of fog. All flights were cancelled (cancel) because of fog. 1. I didn t realize that someone is recording our conversation. I didn t realize that our conversation..... (record). 2. They have changed the date of meeting. The date of meeting.... (change). 3. They are building a new theater in K z lay. A new theater... (build) is K z lay. 4. No one will do my homework. My homework... (no / do). 5. Someone robbed him in the street. He..... (rob) in the street. 69

ANSWER KEY FOR THE FIRST LESSON EXERCISE 1 1. The mail will be delivered tomorrow. 2. The letter was sent out yesterday. 3. The crops are being ruined. 4. The samples have been mailed us today. 5. A student trip is being organized to the art museum. EXERCISE 2 1. opened the Keban Dam in 1974. 2. grow cotton in Çukurova. 3. is serving me. 4. has prepared the dinner. 5. will paint this building next week. EXERCISE 3 1. is being recorded. 2. has been changed. 3. is being built. 4. won t be done. 5. was robbed. 70

The Second lesson THE PASSIVE VOICE with an agent Our homework is corrected by the teacher Bu dersimizde de edilgen yap ile kurulan cümlelerde eylemin kim ya da ne taraf ndan yap ld n n belli oldu u durumlar inceleyece iz. Bu tür cümlelerde as l vurgulanmak istenen iflin kimin taraf ndan yap lm fl oldu u ya da eyleme neyin sebep verdi idir. Afla daki cümleleri dikkatle okuyunuz. Bob mailed the package. (Active Voice) (Paketi Tom postalad.) The package was mailed by Tom. (Passive Voice) (Paket Tom taraf ndan postaland.) The teacher corrects our homework. (Active Voice) (Ö retmen ödevimizi düzetir.) Our homework is corrected by the teacher. (Passive Voice) (Ödevimiz ö retmen taraf ndan düzeltilir.) Machines milk cows on modern farms. (Active Voice) (Modern çiftliklerde inekleri makineler sa ar.) Cows are milked by modern machines on modern farms. (Passive Voice) (Modern çiftliklerde inekler makinelerde sa l r.) Mrs. Mary will teach this class. (Active Voice) (Bu s n fa Bay Cook ders verecek.) This class will be taught by Mrs. Mary. (Passive Voice) (Bu s n fa Bay Cook taraf ndan ders verilecek.) Yukar daki örneklerde de dikkat etmifl oldu unuz gibi eylemin kim ya da ne taraf ndan yap ld belli oldu u durumlarda, edilgen yap da "by" kullan l r. 71

The news surprised me. (Active Voice) (Haber beni flafl rtt.) I was surprised by the news. (Passive Voice) (Habere flafl rd m.) The teacher helped me. (Active Voice) (Ö retmen bana yard m etti.) I was helped by the teacher. (Passive Voice) (Ö retmenden yard m ald m.) (Ö retmen taraf ndan bana yard m edildi.) Mr. Cook invited me to the dinner. (Active Voice) (Bay Cook beni akflam yeme ine davet etti.) I was invited to the dinner by Mr. Cook. (Passive Voice) (Bay Cook taraf ndan yeme e davet edildim.) Eylemin kim ya da ne taraf ndan yap ld n n belli oldu u durumlarda edilgen yap ile vurgulanmak istenilen asl nda ifli yapan ya da sebep oland r. Bu tür edilgen yap larda vurgulanmak istenen eylemin kendisi de ildir. Water surrounds an island. (Active Voice) (Bir aday su çevreler.) An island is surrounded by water. (Passive Voice) (Bir ada sularla çevrilidir.) Yukar daki edilgen cümlede vurgulanmak istenen adan n kendisi de ildir. Vurgulanmak istenen adan n sularla çevrili olmas d r. Yani vurgulanmak istenen sudur. 72

Tolstoy wrote War and Peace. (Active Voice) (Tolstoy Savafl ve Bar fl yazm flt r.) War and Peace was written by Tolstoy. (Passive Voice) (Savafl ve Bar fl Tolstoy taraf ndan yaz lm flt r.) Yukar daki edilgen cümlede vurgulanmak istenen Tolstoy un yazd Savafl ve Bar fl isimli eser de ildir. Vurgulanmak istenen Savafl ve Bar fl adl eserin kimin taraf ndan yaz ld yani Tolstoy un kendisidir. "by" ile kurulan edilgen yap larda da; Simple Present Tense (Genifl Zaman), Simple Past Tense (Dili Geçmifl Zaman), Present Continuous Tense (fiimdiki Zaman), Present Perfect Tense ve Simle Future Tense (will) yani Gelecek Zaman formlar ndaki etken cümlelerde edilgen yap ya geçerken uygulanan zaman de iflikli i, iflin kim ya da ne taraf ndan yap ld belli olmayan durumlar için kurulan edilgen yap lardaki zaman de iflikli i ile ayn d r. Afla daki tabloda "by" kullan lan edilgen yap larda zaman formlar na göre fiil de iflikli i gösterilmektedir. Dikkatle inceleyiniz. ACTIVE VOICE Simple Present Tense Bob mails the package. Does Bob mail the package? Simple Past (Sb + V 2 ) Bob mailed the package. Did Bob mail the package? Present Continuous Tense (am/is/are + V 1 ing) The secretary is writing some letters. Is the secretary writing some letters? PASSIVE VOICE am / is / are + V 3 The package is mailed by Bob. Is the package be mailed by Bob? was / were + V 3 The package was mailed by Bob. Was the package mailed by Bob? am/is/are + being + V 3 Some letters are being written by the secretary. Are some letters being written by the secretary? Present Perfect (have / has + V 3 ) The children have eaten the cakes. Have the children eaten the cakes? Simple Future (will + V 1 ) Mr. Brown will teach English next year. Will Mr. Brown teach English next year? have / has + been + V 3 The cakes have been eaten by the children Have the cakes been eaten by the children? will + be + V 3 English will be taught by Mr. Brown next year. Will English be taught by Mr. Brown next year? 73

Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. A doctor has examined the sick child. (Active Voice) (Doktor hasta çocu u muayene etti.) The sick child has been examined by a doctor. (Passive Voice) (Hasta çocuk doktor taraf ndan muayene edildi.) Alarge number of people speak English. (Active Voice) (Çok say da insan ngilizce konuflur.) English is spoken by a large number of people. (Passive Voice) ( ngilizce çok say da insan taraf ndan konuflulur.) The news will shock Steve. (Active Voice) (Haberler Steve i flok edecek.) Steve will be shocked by the news. (Passive Voice) (Steve haberlerden flok olacak.) The news surprised John. (Active Voice) (Haberler John u flafl rtt.) John was surprised by the news. (Passive Voice) (John haberlerden dolay flafl rd.) Athief stole Ann s purse. (Active Voice) (H rs z Ann in cüzdan n çald.) Ann s purse was stolen by a thief. (Passive Voice) (Ann in cüzdan h rs z taraf ndan çal nd.) Jonny is repairing the wooden table. (Active Voice) (Jonny tahta masay tamir ediyor.) The wooden table is being repaired by Jonny. (Passive Voice) (Tahta masa Jonny taraf ndan tamir ediliyor.) Betty Midler has signed the contract. (Active Voice) (Betty sözleflmeyi imzalad.) The contract has been signed by Betty Midler. (Passive Voice) (Sözleflme Betty Midler taraf ndan imzaland.) 74

Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. Örneklerde etken soru ve olumsuz cümlelerin, edilgen yap ya nas l dönüfltürüldü üne dikkat ediniz. ACTIVE 1. a) The cat surprised the dog. b) The cat didn t surprise the dog. c) Did the cat surprise the dog? PASSIVE a) The dog was surprised by the cat. b) The dog wasn t surprised by the cat. c) Was the dog surprised by the cat? 2. a) The news shocks Jean. b) The news doesn t shock Jean. c) Does the news shock Jean? a) Jean is shocked by the news. b) Jean isn t shocked by the news. c) Is Jean shocked by the news? 3. a) A squirrel has eaten the nut. b) A squirrel hasn t eaten the nut. c) Has the squirrel eaten the nut? a) The nut has been eaten by a squirrel. b) The nut hasn t been eaten by a squirrel. c) Has the nut been eaten by a squirrel? 4. a) Liz will send the letter. b) Liz won t send the letter. c) Will Liz send the letter? a) The letter will be sent by Liz. b) The letter won t be sent by Liz. c) Will the letter be sent by Liz? 5. a) Bob is drawing the map of the island. a) The map of the island is being drawn by Bob. b) Bob isn t drawing the map of the island. b) The map of the island isn t being drawn by Bob. c) Is Bob drawing the map of the island? c) Is the map of the island being drawn by Bob? Yukar daki örneklerde de gördü ünüz gibi edilgen yap n n olumsuz bir cümleye dönüfltürülmesi de etken cümlelerin olumsuz cümleye dönüfltürülmesi ile ayn d r. Yard mc fiile "not" ekleyerek cümleleri olumsuz cümle yap s na dönüfltürebilirsiniz. Ancak Simple Present ve Simple Past cümlelerde kendini sadece soru ve olumsuz cümlelerde gösteren yard mc fiillere dikkat ediniz. Simple Present Tense ile "do/does", Simple Past ile "did" kullan m n unutmay n z. Bu tür cümlelerde "not" ekinin do/does/did yard mc fiillerine eklendi ini hat rlay n z. Edilgen cümlelerdeki soru cümleleri de yine sadece yard mc fiillerin cümlenin bafl na getirilmesi ile oluflturulur, yard mc fiili özne takip eder. 75

Afla daki örnekleri dikkatle okuyunuz. Cümleleri Türkçe ye çevirmeye çal fl n z. Bilmedi iniz kelimeler için Ünite sonundaki bilinmeyen kelimeler listesine bak n z. Mr. Jason built that house. That house was built by Mr. Jason. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. The architect Sinan built the Selimiye Mosque. The Selimiye mosque was built by the architect Sinan. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Monalisa. The Monalisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci. William Shakespeare wrote Othello. Othello was written by William Shakespear. Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. A: My parents gave me a watch when I was twelve. (On iki yafl ndayken ailem bana bir saat verdi.) B: What were you given when you were twelve? (On iki yafl ndayken sana ne verilmiflti?) A: I was given a watch when I was twelve. (On iki yafl ndayken bana bir saat verildi.) A: My parents gave me a present when I got high marks in primary school. ( lkokulda yüksek notlar ald m zaman ailem bana bir hediye verdi.) B: What were you given when you got high marks in primary school? ( lkokulda yüksek notlar ald nda sana ne verildi.) A: I was given a present when I got high marks in primary school. ( lkokulda yüksek notlar ald m zaman bana bir hediye verildi.) A: My parents gave me a bicycle when I finished elementary school. (Ortaokulu bitirdi imde ailem bana bir bisiklet verdi.) B: What were you given when you finished elementary school? (Ortaokulu bitirdi inde sana ne verildi?) A: I was given a bicycle when I finished elementary school. (Ortaokulu bitirdi imde bana bisiklet verildi.) 76

Afla daki örnekleri inceleyiniz. Sorulara verilen cevaplar yüksek sesle okuyunuz. Simple Past Tense formundaki cümlelerin edilgen yap ya dönüfltürülmesi ile ilgili bilgilerinizi sayfa 71. sayfadan tazeleyiniz. A : Who painted that beautiful picture on the wall? (my daughter) (Duvardaki o güzel resmi kim çizdi?) B : It was painted by my daughter. (K z m taraf ndan çizildi.) A : Who sent the letters? (Peter) (Mektuplar kim gönderdi) B : They were sent by Peter. (Peter taraf ndan gönderildiler.) A : Who found her gold ring? (the bus driver) (Alt n yüzü ünü kim buldu?) B : It was found by the bus driver. (Otobüs floförü taraf ndan bulundu.) A : Who took that photograph? (my brother) (O resmi kim çekti.) B : It was taken by my brother. (Erkek kardeflim taraf ndan çekildi.) A : Who paid the ticket? (Michael) (Bileti kim ödedi?) B : It was paid by Michael. (Michael taraf ndan ödendi.) 77

Afla daki sorular dikkatle okuyunuz. Verilen cevaplarda kullan lan edilgen yap y inceleyiniz. A B A B A B A B A B A B : Will these questions be answered by Dr. Turner? (his secretary) (Bu sorular Bay Turner taraf ndan m cevaplanacak?) : No, they won t. They ll be answered by his secretary. (Hay r. Sekreteri taraf ndan cevaplanacak.) : Will this book be used by the primary school students? (primary school students) (Bu kitap ilkokul ö rencileri taraf ndan m kullan lacak?) : No it won t. It ll be used by the secondary school students. (Hay r. Ortaokul ö rencileri taraf ndan kullan lacak.) : Were these photographs taken by your father? (my brother) (Bu foto raflar baban taraf ndan m çekildi?) : No they weren t. They were taken by my brother. (Hay r. Erkek kardeflim taraf ndan çekildiler.) : Was the telephone invented by Thoman Edison? (Alexander Graham Bell) (Telefon Thoman Edison taraf ndan m icat edildi?) : No it wasn t. It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. (Hay r. Alexander Graham Bell taraf ndan icat edildi.) : Have these carpets been made by machine? (machine) (Bu kilimler makine ile mi yap ld lar?) : No they haven t. They have been made by hand. (Hay r. Bu kilimler el yap m.) : Is the student trip being organized by the headmaster? (Geography teacher) (Ö renci gezisi okul müdürü taraf ndan m organize edildi?) : No it isn t. It is being organized by the geography teacher. (Hay r. Co rafya ö retmeni taraf ndan organize edildi.) 78

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks in the table as in the example below. (Tablodaki boflluklar örnekteki gibi doldurunuz.) ACTIVE e.g a) Dr. White helps Tom. b) Dr. White doesn t help Tom. c) Does Dr. White help Tom? PASSIVE a) Tom is helped by Dr. White. b) Tom wasn t helped by Dr. White. c) Was Tom helped by Dr. White? 1 a) Dr. White is helping Tom. b) Dr. White isn t helping Tom. c) Is Dr. White. Tom? 2. a) Dr. White helped Tom. b) Dr. White didn t help Tom. c) Did Dr. White help Tom? 3. a) Dr. White has helped Tom. b) Dr. White hasn t helped Tom. c).. Dr. White Tom? 4. a) Dr. White will help Tom. b) Dr. White. c)? a) Tom. by Dr. White. b) Tom..by Dr. White. c) Tom. by Dr. White? a) Tom.. by Dr. White. b) Tom.. by Dr. White. c) Tom... by Dr. White? a) Tom by dr. White b) Tom... c). Tom? a) Tom by Dr. White. b) by Dr. White. c).? Exercise 2. Rewrite the following sentences in passive voice as in the example below. (Afla daki örnekte oldu u gibi cümleleri edilgen yap ile yeniden yaz n z.) e.g Mr. Fox cleaned the windows. The windows were cleaned by Mr. Fox. 1. That company has hired Sue.. 2. Everbody likes Margaret.. 3. She will call her dog Karabafl... 4. The mechanic is repairing our refrigerator now. 5. She cleans the house everyday. 79

Exercise 3. Look at the example and then answer the questions in the same way. (Örne e bak n z ve sorulara afla daki flekilde cevap veriniz.) e.g A : Who saw the accident? (everybody) B : The accident was seen by everybody. 1. A : Who performed the operation? (a famous surgeon) B : 2. A : Who has sat on my hat? (Ayfle) B : 3. A : Who has brought some books? (George) B : 4. A : Who used this car? (Peter) B : 5. A : Who is preparing the food? (Asl and Elif)) B : Exercise 4. Look at the examples below. First write a question sentence and then a passive voice statement as in the example below. (Afla daki örneklere bak n z. Önce bir soru cümlesi yaz n z ve sonra da örnekteki gibi bir edilgen cümle kurunuz.) e.g A : My parents gave me a house when I got married. B : What were you given when you got married? A : I was given a house when I got married. 1. A : My parents gave me a camera when I finished high school. B :.? A :.. 2. A : My parents gave me a bracelet when I was graduated from university. B A :.? :... 80 3. A : My parents gave me their car when I first started to work. B :? A :...

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions as in the example below. (Sorulara afla daki örnekte oldu u gibi cevap veriniz.) e.g A B : Will those questions be answered by the student? (their parents) : No, they won t. They ll be answered by their parents. 1. A : Have you cooked the meal by yourself? (my mother) B :. 2. A : Were those vegetables planted by Mr. Jackson? (Mrs. Jackson) B :. 3. A : Are the patients being treated by the nurse? (the doctor) B :. 4. A : Will the examinations be taken by all the students? (two of the students) B :. 5. A : Has the bank lent him the money a month ago? (yesterday) B :. 81

ANSWER KEY FOR THE SECOND LESSON EXERCISE 1 1. a) a) is being helped b) b) isn t being helped c) c) Is / being helped 2. a) a) was helped b) b) wasn t helped. c) c) Was / helped 3. a) a) has been helped b) b) hasn t been helped by Dr. White. c) Has / helped c) Has / been helped by Dr. White? 4. a) a) will be helped b) won t help Tom. b) Tom won t be helped. c) Will Dr. White help Tom? c) Will Tom be helped by Dr. White? EXERCISE 2 1. Sue has been hired by that company. 2. Margaret is liked by everybody. 3. Her dog will be called Karabafl. 4. Our refrigerator is being repaired by the mechanic. 5. The house is cleaned by her everyday. EXERCISE 3 1. The operation was performed by a famous surgeon. 2. My hat has been sat on by Ayfle. 3. Some books have been brought by George. 4. This car was used by Peter. 5. The food is being prepared by Asl and Elif. EXERCISE 4 1. A: What were you given when you finished high school? B: I was given a camera when I finished high school. 2. A: What were you given when you were graduated from university? B: I was given a bracelet when I was graduated from university. 3. A: What were you given when you first started to work? B: I was given a car when I first started to work. EXERCISE 5 1. No, I haven t. It has been cooked by my mother. 2. No, they weren t. They were planted by Mrs. Jackson. 3. No, they aren t. They are being treated by the doctor. 4. No, it won t. It will be taken by two of the students. 5. No, it hasn t. The money has been lent him yesterday. 82

UNIT THREE SUMMARY Bu ünite; 1. fli kimin yapt ya da iflin yap lmas na neyin sebep oldu u önemli olmad zamanlarda edilgen yap kullan m n, We will solve this problem. (Bu problemi çözebiliriz.) This problem will be solved. (Bu problem çözülebilir.) 2. flin kim taraf ndan yap ld ya da ifle neyin sebep oldu unu ifade eden edilgen yap larda "by" kullan m n Has a dog ever bitten you? (Seni hiç bir köpek s rd m?) Have you ever been bitten by a dog? (Sen hiç bir köpek taraf ndan s r ld n m?) ö rendiniz. 83

VOCABULARY FOR UNIT THREE bite (v) blow(v) build (v) cancel (v) conversation (v) crop (n) dam (n) decorate (v) deliver (v) examine (v) fog (n) lend (v) machine (n) mechanic (n) nineteenth century (n) organize (v) patient (n) phonograph (n) plant (n) postpone ( v) record (n) record (v) repair (v) rob (v) ruin (v) shock (v) sick (n) solve (v) Suez Canal (n) surprise (v) treat (v) : s rmak : esmek, üflemek, uçurmak : infla etmek : iptal etmek : diyalog : bu day : baraj : dekore etmek : da tmak, da lmak : incelemek, gözden geçirmek : sis : ödünç vermek : makine : tamirci : 19. yüz y l : organize etmek, düzenlemek : hasta : fonograf, gramofon : dikmek : ertelemek : plak : kay t etmek : onarmak, tamir etmek : soyulmak : yok etmek, parçalamak : flok olmak : hasta : çözmek : Süveyfl Kanal : flafl rmak : davranmak, tedavi etmek 84

UNIT TEST THREE 1. Rewrite the following statements in passive voice. People speak English in England. a) English spoken in England. b) English is spoken in England. c) English has been spoken in England. d) English is speaking in England. 2. They ll teach English next year. a) English will be taught next year by them. b) English will be taught next year by the teacher. c) English will be taught next year. d) English will be teaching next year. 3. This house.. (build) in 1820. a) was built b) were building c) has been build d) has built 4. Answer the following question in passive voice. Who saw the car accident? a) The accident was seen by Asl. b) The accident seen by Asl. c) The accident has been seen by Asl. d) The accident is being seen by Asl. 5. Rewrite the following statement in active voice. Our TV is now being repaired by the mechanic. a) The mechanic has repaired our TV now. b) The mechanic repairs our TV every time. c) The mechanic always repaired our TV. d) The mechanic is repairing our TV now. 85

6. The Bosphorus Bridge was built in 1973. a) They are building the Bosphorus Bridge in 1973. b) They are built the Bosphorus Bridge in 1973. c) They are being building the Bosphorus Bridge in 1973. d) They built the Bosphorus Bridge in 1973. 7. Fill in the blanks with the suitable forms of the words in brackets. This road.. (not / use) very often. a) hasn t used b) weren t use c) isn t used d) haven t used 8. A lot of rice... (eat) in China. a) eaten b) is eaten c) eat d) ate 9. Leonardo da Vinci (paint) the Monalisa. The Monalisa.. (paint) by Leonardo da Vinci. a) painted / was- painted b) painting / is painting c) painting / was paint d) paint / has been painted 10.. Tom. by Mr. White? a) Does / helping b) Is / helping c) Does / helped d) Has / been helped Yan tlar n z 88. sayfadan kontrol ediniz. 86

LIST OF THE IRREGULAR VERBS Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle be was,were been become became become begin began begun bite bit bitten blow blew blown break broke broken bring brought brought build built built buy bought bought catch caught caught choose chose chosen come came come cost cost cost cut cut cut do did done draw drew drawn drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found fly flew flown forbid forbade forbidden forget forgot forgotten forgive forgave forgiven get got gotten(got) give gave given go went gone grow grew grown hang hung hung have had had hear heard heard hide hid hidden hit hit hit hold held held keep kept kept know knew known lay laid laid lead led led leave left left lend lent lent let let let lie lay lain lose lost lost make made made mean meant meant meet met met pay paid paid put put put quit quit quit read read read ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen run ran run say said said see saw seen sell sold sold send sent sent set set set shake shook shaken shoot shot shot show showed shown shut shut shut sing sang sung sit sat sat sleep slept slept speak spoke spoken spend spent spent stand stood stood swim swam swum take took taken teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought throw threw thrown understand understood understood wake woke waked(woken) wear wore worn win won won write wrote written 87