at Kullanımı: de, da, ye, ya, e, a at İngilizcede zaman edatı olarak saatlerle birlikte kullanılır. - I will see you at 4:15. Seninle saat 4:15'de görüşeceğim. - The plane leaves at six. Uçak saat 6'da kalkacak. - Call me at lunchtime. Beni öğlen vaktinde ara. (lucnhtime: yemek vakti anlamına da gelir.) Önemli: Zaman ile ilgili soru sorarken şu yanlışı yapmayalım: At what time...? Bu şekilde sorulmaz. Doğrusu şöyledir: What time...? on Kullanımı: üstünde, üzerinde, de, e doğru, yönünde, ile, civarında, esnasında Zaman edatı olarak on, günlerde, tarihlerde ve Monday morning, Friday afternoon gibi ifadelerde kullanılır. - I'll be at home on Tuesday. Salı günü evde olacağım. - The meeting's on June 23rd. Toplantı haziranın 23'ünde yapılacak. - I had to work on Christmas Day. Noel gününde de çalışmalıyım. 1 / 6
- We get up late on Sundays. Pazar günü geç kalkarız. - I'm always sleepy on Monday mornings. Pazartesi sabahları daima uykulu olurum. Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelerde at ve on zaman edatlarının kullanımlarını inceleyelim: - What are you doing on Saturday? - Can you wake me at 6:30? - The classes start on September 8th. - I'll be at work late on Tuesday morning. - I have my guitar lessons at 10:00 on Wednesdays. - She got married on Easter Monday. - My new job starts on April 17th. - Can we meet at lunchtime on Tuesday? In Kullanımı: de, da, içinde, içine, halinde, olarak, içeriye, içeri In edatı, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening ile birlikte kullanılır. Önemli: night ile birlikte in kullanılmaz, at kullanılır: At night In edatı, haftaları, mevsimleri, ayları, yılları ve yüzyılları söylerken kullanılır. - We're going to Denmark in the first week of May. - I always get unhappy in the winter. - Shakespeare died in 1616. - There were terrible wars in the 17th century. - My birthday's in March. Bunların yanında at the weekend, at Christmas, at Easter kullanımları da vardır. - What are you doing at the weekend? - Did you go away at Christmas? 2 / 6
Aşağıdaki örneklerde in, at ve on kullanımlarını inceleyelim: - We all went to Wales at the weekend. - I usually go skiing in February. - She finished school in 1996. - My mother usually comes to stay in Christmas. - I don't like driving at night. - Our garden looks wonderful in the spring. - I usually stop work at 5:00 in the afternoon. - I will finish university in June. - I last saw her in 1998. - I'm never hungry early in the morning. Önemli: This, next, last ve every gibi genel ifadelerden önce preposition-edat kullanmayız. - What are you doing this afternoon? - Googbye. See you next week. - Bill was here last Tuesday. - We go on holiday to the same place every year. Bir işin ne kadar sürede biteceğinden söz ederken in kullanırız. - They built our house in three months. - Your soup will be ready in ten minutes. From... to, until ve by kullanımı: Until ya da till (informal), "kadar, değin, dek" anlamlarına gelmektedir ve bir işin ne zaman biteceğini anlatmakta kullanılır. - We played football until 5 o'clock. - I will be in London till Thursday. - It was a great party. We danced until six o'clock in the morning. - I'm going to have a sandwich now. I can't wait until/till lunchtime. - Granny's coming on Monday for a few days. She's going to stay until/tillsaturday. 3 / 6
- When I was young, you had to go to school until/till the age of 14. - I didn't like the film, so I didn't stay until/till the end. - I'm doing a three-month computer course; it goes on until/till July. From... to/until/till, bir olayın ya da durumun başlangıç ve bitiş zamanını verirken kullanırız. - He read the paper from 7:30 to 8:30. He read the paper from 7:30 until/till 8:30. - He washed the car from 8:00 to 9:00. He washed the car from 8:00 until/till 9:00. - He played tennis from 10:00 to 11:00. He played tennis from 10:00 until/till 11:00. Eğer belli bir zaman diliminde bir eylemin gerçekleşmesini istiyorsak (o zamanı geçmemeli), unt il yerine by kullanırız. - You can keep the car until Sunday. (Araba pazar gününe kadar sende kalabilir.) - You really must bring it back by 12:00 on Sunday. (Arabayı pazar günü en geç 12:00'da geri getirmelisin. Bundan önce de getirebilirsin.) Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelere bakalım: - This book must go back to the library by Tuesday. - The film goes on until 9:30. - Can you finish painting the room by Friday? For, during ve while kullanımı: For, bize olayın ya da durumun ne kadar sürdüğünü anlatırken kullanılır. During ise ne zaman olduğunu anlatırken. 4 / 6
- I slept for 20 minutes during the lesson. (Derste 20 dakika uyudum.) - The journey lasted for three days. - There was a rainstorm during the night. - I lived in Mexico for six years. - I got a headache during the examination. - We visited Kyoto during our holiday in Japan. - The electricity went off for two hours during afternoon. - Alex and his wife met during the war. During, preposition yani edat olarak kullanılır. During + isim While ise bağlaç olarak kullanılır. While + özne + fiil. - They got into the house during the night. - They got into the house while I was asleep. - He got ill during the jurnay. - He got ill while he was travelling. Aşağıdaki ifadelerin nasıl değiştiklerine dikkat edelim: - during the meal (I/eat).. while I was eating. - while I was travelling (journey).. during the journey. - during the game (they/play).. while they were playing. - while we were listening (lesson).. during the lesson. - while they were fighting (war).. during the war. - during the conversation (they/talk).. while they were talking. Aşağıdaki örnek cümlelerde, for ile birlikte kullanılan faydalı bazı ifadeleri inceleyelim: - They waited for a long time, but the bus didn't come. - I will love you for ever. - Could I talk to you for a minute or two. - I played tennis for a couple of hours and then went home. - I went to sleep for a moment during the opera. 5 / 6
- They put him in prison for life. 6 / 6