SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Geniş zaman)

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Geniş zaman) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I - I do 1 / 134

do I you - you do do 2 / 134

you we - we do do we 3 / 134

they - they do do they he 4 / 134

- s he do es does he she - 5 / 134

s she do es does she it - s it 6 / 134

do es does it İşin mantığı: Dünya yuvarlaktır (genel), Ateş yakar (genel), İnsanlar acıkır... Gibi genel olayla 1.Water s consist of hydrogen and oxygen 2.Most animals kill only for food 3.The world is round Simple Present tense genelde olan olay ve durumla rı vurgulamak için kullanılır,bunlar; geçmiş 7 / 134

1.I study for two hours every night 2.My classes begin at nine 3.He always eats a sandwich for lunch Simple present tense günlük aktiviteleri ve alışkanlıkları vurgulamak için de kullanılır. 1.I don't recognize that man 2.He needs a pen right now Belirli fiilerin continuous tense ( şimdiki zaman ) halleri olmadığından bu tens'te kullanılmaları z Aşaıdaki fiiler normalde continuous tenslerle kullanılmazlar Appreciate Depend 8 / 134

Hate Need See Understand Believe Dislike Hear Owe Seem Want Belong 9 / 134

Doubt İmagine Own Seem İnclude Care Envy Know Possess Smell 10 / 134

Consist Exist Like Prefer Sound Cost Fear Love Realise Suppose 11 / 134

Contain Feel Mean Remember Taste Sonu s, sh, ch, xile biten sözcüklerin -es çoğulu takısı ve alırlar fiilerin. geniş zaman halleri Fini sh Finish es Bu s 12 / 134

Bus es Wat ch Watch es Bo x Box es Sonu y ile biten sözcükler - ies takısı alırlar s, fakat y nin gelir önünde sesli harf var Stud y stud ies Bab y bab ies Tr y 13 / 134

tr ies Bo y boy s Sonu f veya fe ile biten sözcükler - ves takısıyla çoğul olurlar kni fe kni ves shell f shell ves Geniş zamanda Have fiili he, she, it için has olarak değişir. I have a shover everyday John has a shover Sıklık belirten fiiller Sımple present tens'te özneden hemen sonra gelirler always / Never + Present / often / simple Sometimes (Geniş/ Usually zaman) 14 / 134

Sue always arrives at work I usually early go to work by car Julia but sometimes never eats I breakfast walk PRESENT CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) { ŞİMDİKİ ZAMAN } POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I am I am 15 / 134

am I you are you are 16 / 134

are you we are we are are 17 / 134

we they are they are are they 18 / 134

he is he is is he 19 / 134

she is she is is she it is 20 / 134

it is is it Bu tens konuşma anında devam eden (süren) aktiviteleri vurgulamak için kullanılır ( ŞU AN ) John is sleep ing right now 21 / 134

I need an umbrella it because is rain ing John and marry are talk ing on phone Bu tens ayrıca genelde süreklilik halinde olan aktiviteleri vurgulamak için de kullanılır. I am tak ing five course this semester John is try ing to improve his work habits She is aher book this year Sonu - e ile biten fiillerde -e düşer - ing gelir mak e mak ing writ e writ ing 22 / 134

com e com ing danc e danc ing Sonu - ie ile biten fiiller - ying takısı alırlar l ie l ying d ie d ying t ie t ying 23 / 134

Eğer tek heceli bir fiilin sonu ( sesli + sessiz ) harf ile bitiyorsa son sessiz ikilenerek - ing takısı alır. stop sto pp ing Bu kuralın istisnası şudur: eğer bir fiilin sonu ( -y ) ile bitiyorsa, fiil tek heceli bile olsa son sessiz ikilenmez. run ru nn ing get ge tt ing swim swi mm ing 24 / 134

big bi gg er hot ho tt er thin thi nn er dra w draw ing pla y play ing İki veya daha fazla heceli fiilerde son sessizin ikilenmesine gerek yoktur 25 / 134

happen happen ing visit visit ing remember remember ing Sonu iki sessizle biten tek heceli fiiler direkt olarak - ing takısı alırlar help help ing work 26 / 134

work ing SIMPLE PAST ( GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I - wrote 27 / 134

I did did I you - wrote you did 28 / 134

did you we - wrote we did 29 / 134

did we they - wrote they did did 30 / 134

they he - wrote he did did he 31 / 134

she - wrote she did did she 32 / 134

it - wrote it did did it Simple past, geçmişte belirli bir zamanda başlamış ve bitmiş bir durum veya aktiviteyi işaret ed 33 / 134

FORMÜLÜ: yani Özne Simple + Verb 2 past ( Fiilin hali2. hali )---- I walked to school yesterday He lived in paris for ten years, but now he is living in rome I bought a new car three days ago Eğer Simple past tense ile kurulmuş bir cümle (When) kalıbını içeriyorsa : when ile başlayan cü I stood under a tree began when it to rain when she heard a atrange noise got she up to investigate when I dropped my cup, the spilled coffee on my lap Eğer geçmiş was zaman (past, tense) ile kullanılan were bir kullanılması cümlenin fiili zorunludur. yoksa geçmiş zamanı belirtmek Positive Negative Question 34 / 134

I was I was was I You 35 / 134

were You were were You we were 36 / 134

we were were we they were they were 37 / 134

were they he was he was was he 38 / 134

she was she was was she it 39 / 134

was it was was it - Last year Rachel was 22, so she is 23 now - When I was a child, I was afraid of dogs - we were hungry after the journey but we weren't tired - the hotel was comfortable but it wasn't expensive - was the weather good when you were on holiday - those shoes are nice. were they expensive - why were you late this morning 40 / 134

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE ( Türkçede karşılığı yok ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I have written I have written have 41 / 134

I written you have written you have written have you 42 / 134

written we have written we have written have we written 43 / 134

they have written they have written have they written he has 44 / 134

written he has written has he written she has written 45 / 134

she has written has she written it has written it has 46 / 134

written has it written 1. They have moved into a new aparttment. 2. Have you ever visited Mexico. 3. I have already seen that movie. 4. I have never seen snow Present kesin Perfect zaman durumlar. şu fikri ın önemli (Eğer vurgular: belirli olmadığı Şu bir andan zaman önce var meyda sa Simple na gelmiş past kullanılır.) veya gelmemiş birşeyi anlatır 5. We have had four tests so far this semester 47 / 134

6. I have written my wife a letter every other day for the last two weeks. 7. I have met many people since I came here in june 8. I have flown on an airplane many times Present perfect birde şu andan önceki bir aktivitenin tekrarını vurgular,her tekrarın kesin zama 9. I have been since here seven o'clock 10.We have been for here two weeks 11.I have had this for same three pair years of shoes 12.I have liked since cowboy I was movies a child ever Present for perfect ve tense since ayrıca ile kullanı labilir. O zaman şunu vurgular: Bir durum geçmişte başlmış Since + belirli ( bir zaman since : denberi ) For + zamanın ( sürekliliği For : dır ) 48 / 134

Present Perfect Simple nin kullanımları 1.kullanımı: Geçmişte başlamış ve bugüne kadar devam eden bir zaman periyodundan bahsed - Have you ever been ( Hiç to çinde China bulundunmu? ) - Have you ever eaten ( Hiç caviar havyar yedinmi? ) - I haven't been to ( Hindistanda India hiç bulunmadım ) - We have never had a ( Hiçbir car zaman arabamız olmadı ) - It's the most (Hayatımda boring film gördüğüm I've ever seen en sıkıcı. film.) - I haven't eaten anything ( Kahvaltıdan since breakfast beri hiçbirşey yemedim ) 2.kullanım: Present perfect kullanıldığında genellikle bugün ile bir bağlantı vardır. Eğer geçmiş - Where's your ve key lost? it I don't ( Şu an know. I anahtarım ' yok ) - He told me his ve forgotten name it but ( Adını I ' söylemişti fakat unuttum ) - I can't find my Have bag. you seen it? ( Çantamı bulamıyorum, onu gördün 3.kullanım: Geçmişle bugünü bağlayan bir köprü olarak kullanılır. I started learninig english in september I am still lerning english I have lerned English since (Eylülden september beri ingilizce öğreniyorum)-üstteki iki cümleyi b 49 / 134

Ayşe is my best I met Ayşe friend seven years ago I have known her for 7 years ( onu yedi yıldır I am tanıyorum a teacher ) I started teaching 20 years ago I have been a teacher for ( 20 years. yıldır öğretmenim ) PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS ( PROGRESSIVE ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I have been 50 / 134

I have been have I been you have been you 51 / 134

have been have you been we have been we have 52 / 134

been have we been they have been they have been 53 / 134

have they been he has been he has been has he 54 / 134

been she has been she has been has she been 55 / 134

it has been it has been has it been 56 / 134

Present Perfect continuous, yakın zamanda veya henüz sona ermiş bir aktivitenin ifadesinde ku bu aktivitenin şu an ile bağlantısı vardır. Örn: Eve gittiniz çocuğunuzun gözleri kıpkırmızı ve ne olduğunu öğreneceksiniz. What Örn: A şahsı avrupa turuna çıkmış ve B şahsıyla ispanyada karşılaşıyor A' nın gideceğ 1. France 2. England 3.Spain 4. Germany 5. Italy A: What have you been doing? ( Ne yapıyorsun ) B: I have been traveling around Europe (eğer A şahsı: What are you doing deseydi, B şahsı o anda ne yapıyorsa onu söylerdi, 57 / 134

alışveriş yapıyo rum vs. derdi.) A: Which countries have you visited B: I have visited France and England and now I'm in Spain, I haven't been Germany and Italy yet. Right now I am sitting at my desk. 1. I have been sitting here since seven o'clock. 2. I have been sitting here for two hours 3. You have been studying for five straight hourse Bu tens bir aktivitenin sürekliliğini vurgulamak için kullanılır.sözü edilen aktivite geçmişte başla For, Since, all morning, all day, all week. 5. I have been thinking about changing my major. 6. All of the students have been studying hard.final exams start next week. 58 / 134

7. My back hurts, so I have been sleeping on the floor lately. the bed is too soft. Presen perfect continuous tens zamanın herhangi bir spesifik anlamı dışında kullanıldığında, ge 8. I have lived here since 1985 I have been living here since 1985 9. he has worked at the same store for ten years He has been working at the same store for ten years Live, work gibi continuous, since teach veya tensleri for kullanıldığında olan fiillerle, present perfect continuous ile present perfect si 59 / 134

PAST PERFECT TENSE ( MİŞLİ GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I had written I 60 / 134

had written had I written you had written you had 61 / 134

written had you written we had written we had written 62 / 134

had we written they had written they had written had they 63 / 134

written he had written he had written had he written 64 / 134

she had written she had written had she written it 65 / 134

had written it had written had it written 1. My parents had already eaten by the time I got home 2. Until had yesterday, never I heard about it. 3. The had thief simply forgotten walked to lock in. Someone thedoor. 66 / 134

Past perfect 1.eylempast tense: perfec gemişte tir. bir aktivitenin başka bir aktiviteden önce tamamlandığını vurgular. y 4. Sam had already left when we got there 5. Sam had left before we got there 6. Sam left before we got there 7. after the guests had left. I went to bed 4. d: önce before sam veya ayrıldı after sonra kullanılıyorsa biz Not: oraya 5-6 vardık. genellikle ve 7-8 (yani: aynı past an biz per lamdadır. vardığımızda fect tense sam gerekli ayrılmıştı). değildir. Eğer Simple bir pas cü - When Sarah had arrived at already the party gone, Paul home - When we got had home last broken night into, we the found flat that somebody - Karen didn't had want to come already to seen the cinema the film. with us because she - I didn't know had who she never was. seen I her before - The house was hadn't dirty. cleaned They it for weeks 67 / 134

PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) ( GEÇMİŞTE SÜREKLİLİK ) 68 / 134

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I was I was was I 69 / 134

he was he was was he 70 / 134

she was she was was she it 71 / 134

was it was was it we were 72 / 134

we were were we you were you 73 / 134

were were you they were they were 74 / 134

were they İşin Mantığı: geçmişte süregelen bir eylem kesintiye uğruyor. Örn: dün tam okula yürürken yağmur başladı ( yürüme eylemi sürerken, bu ylemin belirli bir ye 1. I was walk ing down the street when it began to rain 2. While was I walk ing down the street,it began to rain 3. I was standing under a tree when it began to rain 1. de Önce caddeden aşağıya yürüyordum,sonra yağmur başladı.örneklerde iki eylemde aynı za 75 / 134

4. At eight o'clock last night, I was studying 5. Last year at this time I was attending school 4. örnekte: Benim çalışmam 8'den önce başladı ve 8'de ben çalışıyordum, muhtemelen çalışmam 6. While I was studying in one room of our apartment my roommate was having a party in the ot Eğer iki eylem benzer şekilde süreklilik halindeyse Past continuous cümlenin iki bölümündede k 7. It rained this morning 8. It was raining Bazı durumlarda simple past ve past continuous aynı anlamı verebilir (7 ve 8 deki gibi) 76 / 134

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PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS ( -makta - mekte ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I had been I had been 78 / 134

had I been you had been you had been had you 79 / 134

been we had been we had been had we been 80 / 134

they had been they had been had they been he 81 / 134

had been he had been had he been she had been 82 / 134

she had been had she been it had been it 83 / 134

had been had it been Geçmişte olmuş iki eylem var ve bunlardan önce olanın sürekliliği past perfect continuous tense 1. Our game of tennis was interrupted. we'd been playing for about half an hour when it started 2. Ken give up smoking two years ago. He'd been smoking for 30 years. 1. The had police been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him 84 / 134

2. The had patient been waiting in the emergency room for almost an hour before a doctor finally treated 3. He finally had been came waiting at for six him o'clock since I four - thirty. Past perfect continuous: geçmişte bir eylemden önce başka bir eylemin süreklilik içerisinde old 4. When had judy been swimming got home, her hair was still wet because she 5.Her eyes had been were cryred ing because she Bu tens ayrıca geçmişteki bir eyleme yakın zamanlı fakat ondan daha önce olan bağlantısız bir e 85 / 134

SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE (Gelecek zaman) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I 86 / 134

I I you 87 / 134

you you we we 88 / 134

we they they 89 / 134

they he he 90 / 134

he she she she 91 / 134

it it it 92 / 134

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I am going to I am 93 / 134

going to am I going to you are going to you are 94 / 134

going to are you going to we are going to 95 / 134

we are going to are we going to they are going to 96 / 134

they are going to are they going to he 97 / 134

is going to he is going to is he going to 98 / 134

she is going to she is going to is she 99 / 134

going to it is going to it is going to is 100 / 134

it going to Konuşma anında geleceğe kullanılır. dönük bir Going eylemi toifade ise etmek önceden için planlar yapılan ve niyetler için kullanılır. Örn: biri paltosunu giydi dışarıya çıkıyor. onu gören kişi ile soru sorar, çıkan kişinin diyelim 1. He finished his work tomorrow. 2. He is going finish to his work tomorrow Will veya be going, gelecek to zamanı vurgulamak için kullanılır. 101 / 134

FUTURE CONTINUOUS (Gelecekte süreklilik) 102 / 134

POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I be I be 103 / 134

I be you be you 104 / 134

be you be we be we 105 / 134

be we be they be 106 / 134

they be they be he be 107 / 134

he be he be she 108 / 134

be she be she be 109 / 134

it be it be it 110 / 134

be I be doing something = birşeyler yapıyor olacağım ( bir eylemin ortasında olacağım ) Örn: The football match begins at 7:30 and ends at 9:15 so during this time,for exam - This time tomorrow I'll be travelling through france - In the 21 st century, people be living to the age of 130 1. I begin when studying to you at come. seven. You come at eight. I 2. Right I now be in I am sitting class. sitting in class. At the same time tomorrow The future continuous tense gelecek zamanda bir aktivitenin süreklilik halinde olacağını vurgula 3. Don't I call me am at ging nine at to the, because library. studyingi won't be home. 111 / 134

be going to nun continuous formu: be going to + be + - ing 4. Don't get becomingsoon impatient. She 5. Don't get come impatient soon. She Baazen future continuous ile simple future arasında çok çok az bir farklılık vardır veya hiçbir far Not: teklif sorularında shall mutlaka kullan. kullanma shall we phone to see what time the film start shall I carry that heavy case for you 112 / 134

FUTURE PERFECT ( Gelecekte geçmiş ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE 113 / 134

QUESTION I have writt en I have writt en I 114 / 134

have writt en you have writt en you have writt en 115 / 134

you have writt en we have writt en we have 116 / 134

writt en we have writt en they have writt en they 117 / 134

have writt en they have writt en he have writt en he 118 / 134

have writt en he have writt en she have 119 / 134

writt en she have writt en she have writt en it 120 / 134

have writt en it have writt en it have writt en 121 / 134

Future Perfect He tense: have Gelecekte finished, his kesin exams bir zamandan by december. önce birşeyin tamamlanmış olacağını vurg 2.Kevin's football match ends at 9:15 so after this time,for example at 9:30 the matca 3. Sally always ( leaves sally sabahları for work daima at 8:30 8:30 in the da işe morning gider, so bundan she dolayı saat be at 9 home da evde at 9o 4. We are late. The ( Geç film kaldık, already biz sinema have ya started varana by kadar the time film we başlamış get to olacak.) the cinema 5. When their first past child perfect was born,they had been married for three years. - Ted and Amy present have been perfect married for 24 years - Next year they future have perfect been married for 25 years - I graduate have in graduat june. I ed see you in july. By the next time I see you, I I have my finished homework by the time I go out on a date tonight. The future perfect tense: Gelecekte başka bir zaman veya olaydan önce tamamlanmış bir aktivit 122 / 134

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FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS ( Gelecekte süreklilik ) POSITIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I have been I 124 / 134

have been I have been you have been you 125 / 134

have been you have been we have been 126 / 134

we have been we have been they have been 127 / 134

they have been they have been he 128 / 134

have been he have been he have been 129 / 134

she have been she have been she 130 / 134

have been it have been it have been 131 / 134

it have been Future Perfect continuous: gelecekteki bir zaman diliminde bir eylemin sürekliliğini vurgular. örn: She have been here teaching for thirty years by the time she retires next year. örn: Margeret was have born been in on 1950. living this by earth the year for 502000, yearsshe 1. I go to have been bed at sleeping for ten two p.m. hours he by get the home time he at gets midnight, home. at midnight I be sleeping. I The future perfect continuous,gelecekte başka bir zaman veya olaydan önce bir eylemin sürekl 2. When Professor jones retires next month, he have taught for 45 years. 3. When professor have been jones for 45 teaching retires years next month, he 132 / 134

Bazen Future perfect ve Future perfect continuous aynı anlamı verir. örn: 2 ve 3 teki gibi. Ayrıca 1. Ann and Andy got married on june 1.st. Today is june 14 th. Ann and Andy have be 2. This morning I came to class at 9:00. Right now it is 10:00, and I am still in class, I have been sitting here for a half an hour. By 11:00 I have been sitting here for two hours. 3. I am getting tired have of sitting been for driving in twenty the car straight. Do you hours. realize that by the time we arrive in p 4. I don't understand have how been those steadily running marathon for more runners than two do it hours.. The I race don't began think over I can an run hou m 5. We have been married for a long time. By our next anniversary, we have been www.ingilizcedelisi.com 133 / 134

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