1. Planned future actions (Planlanmış gelecek zaman etkinlikleri) We use it to express a future decision, intention, or plan made before the moment of speaking (Konuşma anından daha önce düşünülmüş kararlar, niyetler ve planları ifade etmek için kullanırız) Ünite 8 Yrd. Doç. Dr. Emrah EKMEKÇİ Bu ünitede; State Of The Art adlı konu işlenecektir. 2. Predictions based on observing the present situation (Mevcut duruma dayanarak yapılan tahminler) We use it for predictions generally in the near future and when we can see that something is likely to happen (Genellikle yakın geleceğe ilişkin ve büyük olasılıkla gerçekleşecek tahminler için kullanırız). 1
The speaker is sure about their prediction because there are signs about the prediction at present (Konuşmacı tahmininden emindir çünkü konuşma anında tahminine ilişkin işaretler vardır.) Subject + AM / S /ARE + GONG + TO + nfinitive Özne + AM / S /ARE + GONG + TO + fiil Affirmative (Olumlu cümle yapısı): Subject AM / S /ARE GONG + TO nfinitive He / She / t We You They am ( m) is ( s) are ( re) going to work Examples: Be careful! You re going to fall! (Dikkat et! Düşeceksin! Look at those black clouds. t s going to rain. (Şu kara bulutlara bak. Yağmur yağacak.) George: Hey! How is it going? (Selam! nasıl gidiyor?) Sue: feel terrible, m going to be ill. (Berbat hissediyorum, hastalanacağım.) Subject He / She / t We You They Negative (Olumsuz cümle yapısı): AM / S /ARE + NOT am not ( m not) is not (isn t) are not (aren t) GONG + TO going to nfinitive work 2
nterrogative (Soru Cümleleri) AM / S /ARE Subject GONG + TO nfinitive? Am s Are he / she / it we you they going to work? Examples A: Are you going to have a birthday party? (Doğumgünü partisi yapacak mısın?) B: Yes, am. (Evet, yapacağım.) No, m not. (Hayır, yapmayacağım.) A: s she going to study history at university? (Üniversitede tarih mi okuyacak?) B: Yes, she is. (Evet, okuyacak.) No, isn t. (Hayır, okumayacak.) Short Answers (Kısa Cevaplar) Yes, / No, Yes, he / she / it we you they he / she / it Subject AM / S /ARE M NOT / SN T / AREN T am is are m not isn t A: Are they going to stay in İstanbul? (İstanbul da kalacaklar mı? B: Yes, they are. (Evet, kalacaklar.) No, they aren t. (Hayır, kalmayacaklar.) No, we you aren t they 3
To form information questions, we put the question words who / what / when / where / why / which / how etc. at the very beginning of the interrogative sentence structure (Bilgi isteyen sorular oluşturabilmek için, yukarıdaki tabloda verilen soru cümlesi diziliminin en başına kim / ne / ne zaman / nerede / neden / hangi / nasıl vb. soru sözcüklerini koyarız : Examples She is going to play tennis at the weekend. (Hafta sonunda tenis oynayacak.) m not going to drive work today. (Bugün işe arabayla gitmeyeceğim.) Are you going to buy a new car? (Yeni araba alacak mısın?) How long are you going to stay in İstanbul? (İstanbul da ne kadar kalacaksın?) Question word + AM / S /ARE + Subject + GONG + TO + nfinitive? Example: When is she going to arrive? Ne zaman gelecek? Using the verbs in brackets, write affirmative sentences with (BE) GONG TO (Parantez içerisindeki fiilleri kullanarak (BE) GONG TO ile olumlu cümleler yazınız.) 1. (watch) the new horror film with my friends tomorrow. 2. Eric (not visit) his cousin today because he is tired. 3. (paint) my kitchen at the weekend. 4. My friends (bring) their own food for the party. 5. There are clouds in the sky. t (rain) today. 4
Using the words in brackets, write negative sentences with (BE) GONG TO (Parantez içerisindeki fiilleri kullanarak (BE) GONG TO ile olumsuz cümleler yazınız.) 1. My mother is ill, she (cook) dinner for us this evening. 2. (get up) early in the morning because tomorrow is my off day. 3. Your friend (do) your homework for you. 4. He (meet) his sister at the station. 5. We (invite) a lot of people to our wedding ceremony. Personal Pronouns (Şahıs Zamirleri) Şahıs zamirleri insanların ya da nesnelerin isimlerinin yerine kullanabileceğimiz kelimelerdir. 'Subject Pronouns' yani özne zamirleri cümle başında kullanılır. 'Object Pronouns' ise nesnelerin isimlerinin yerine kullanılan kelimelerdir. Aşağıdaki tabloda özne ve nesne zamirleri gösterilmektedir. Using the words in brackets, write negative sentences with (BE) GONG TO (Parantez içerisindeki fiilleri kullanarak (BE) GONG TO ile soru cümleleri yazınız.) 1. you (watch) the championship match? 2. she (do) this weekend? 3. they (stay) in taly? 4. you (study) for the exam? 5. Helen and Andy (get married)? Personal Pronouns (Şahıs Zamirleri) 5
Examples am going to call Tarık. (Subject Pronoun) They (the children) are in the garden. (Subject Pronoun) Can you call me tonight? (Object Pronoun) Give it to me, please! (Object Pronoun) Key To The Exercıses (a-b-c) Be going to 1. m going to watch the new horror film with my friends tomorrow. 2. Eric s going to visit his cousin today because he is tired. 3. m going to paint my kitchen at the weekend. 4. My friends re going to bring their own food for the party. 5. There are clouds in the sky. t s going to rain today. 6. My mother is ill; she isn t going to cook dinner for us this evening. Boşlukları Özne ya da Nesne zamirleriyle doldurunuz. Key To The Exercıses (a-b-c) Be going to 1. m not going to get up early in the morning because tomorrow is my off day. 2. Your friend isn t going to do your homework for you. 3. He isn t going to meet his sister at the station. 4. We aren t going to invite a lot of people to our wedding ceremony. 5. Are you going to watch the championship match? 6. What is she going to do this weekend? 7. How long are they going to stay in taly? 8. Are you going to study for the exam? 9. When are Helen and Andy going to get married? 6
Key To The Exercıses (a-b-c) Subject - Object Pronouns 1. Her, she 2. t, it, me 3. We, we, t, us KAYNAKÇA Goldstein, B. and Jones, C. (2011). The Big Picture, A2 Elementary Student s Book, United Kingdom: Richmond Publishing. Ünite 8 Teşekkürler Yrd. Doç. Dr. Emrah EKMEKÇİ 7