Lesson 2 Living and Working Yaşam ve Çalışma

Lesson 2 Living and Working Yaşam ve Çalışma This lesson will introduce you to: - Typical housing arrangements of most people living in Turkey - Using or in questions about living arrangements and professions - The verb to have in the present tense - Names of professions (singular and plural forms). In Turkey the majority of the population lives in big cities in apartments. There are several reasons for this. First, people prefer residential areas which are closer to the city and have facilities such as green parks, security guards, convenient location near city facilities and services, etc. Second, houses are usually more expensive compared to apartments. The price of an apartment varies depending on the amenities. Today, most modern apartments have two or three bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen, a full bathroom and an eastern toilet. Also, most apartments have at least one or two balconies. A lot of Turkish people work at paid jobs while many others have their own small businesses, such as restaurants, cafes or workshops. In big cities most people use public transportation. Buses are the most commonly used form of public transportation. Taxis are another option for getting around cities. 1. Look at the pictures below and listen to the words. Repeat the words after the speaker. apartment apartman dairesi apartment building apartman room oda house müstakil ev military camp askeri kamp tent çadır barracks kışla hotel otel 29

2. Match the Turkish words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. Replay the audio from the previous section if necessary. Çadır Oda Müstakil Ev Apartman dairesi Otel Apartman Kışla Askeri kamp Hotel Tent Barracks Room Military camp House Apartment Apartment building 3. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key. 1. İbrahim askeri bir kampta çadırda yaşıyor. 2. Salih Bey küçük bir apartmanda yaşıyor. 3. Onur ve Burcu Ankara da büyük müstakil bir evde yaşıyorlar. 4. Levent bir otelde yaşıyor. 5. Serdar ve Mert kışlada yaşıyorlar. 6. Bora ve ben kendi evimizde yaşıyoruz. 4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Then, make up similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups. 1. A. I live in a big house. Where do you live? B. I live in a tent in a military camp. Ben büyük müstakil bir evde yaşıyorum. Siz nerede Ben askeri kampta bir çadırda yaşıyorsunuz? yaşıyorum. 2. A. Mesut lives in the hotel. Where does Ayla live? B. Ayla lives in an apartment building. Mesut bir otelde yaşıyor. Ayla nerede yaşıyor? Ayla bir apartmanda yaşıyor. 3. A. We live in the barracks. Where do Mesut and Ayla live? Biz kışlada yaşıyoruz. Mesut ve ayla nerede yaşıyorlar? B. They live in the military camp. Onlar askeri bir kampta yaşıyorlar. 30

In English when we express location we use prepositions (at, in, on, etc.). In Turkish, we add certain suffixes (-de / -da / -ta / -te) to nouns to express location. Use the suffix -de with nouns that end with a front vowel (e, i, ö, ü) and use the suffix -da with nouns that end with a back vowel (a, ı, o, u). In If English the noun when ends we with express one of location, these consonants: we use prepositions(at, -f, -s, -t, -k, -ç, in, -ş, on ). -h, -p: In Turkish, we add certain suffixes (-de /-da) to the Use nouns the suffix to express te with location. the words ending with a front vowel. Use the Use suffix the suffix ta with -de the with words the nouns ending end with with a back a front vowel. vowel (e, i, ö, ü) and, use the suffix -da with Examples: the nouns end with a back vowel(a, ı, o, u). Noun If the noun ends with one Suffix of these consonants: Suffixed -f, word -s, -t, -k, -ç, -ş, -h, -p Ev (house) Use suffix te with the words -de ending with Evde a front (At home) vowel. Şehir (city) Use suffix ta with the words -de ending with Şehirde a back (In vowel. the city) Çadır (tent) Examples: -da Çadırda (In a tent) Apartman (apartment Noun building) -da Suffix Apartmanda (In Suffixed an apartment word building) Sınıf (classroom) Ev (house) -ta - de sınıfta (In the Evde classroom) (At home) Otobüs (bus) Şehir (city) -te -de otobüste (In the Şehirde bus) (In the city) Çadır (tent) -da Çadırda (In a tent) Also, use an apostrophe Apartman (apartment when you add building) a suffix to a -da proper noun. Apartmanda (In an apartment building) Example: İstanbul da (In Istanbul), Ankara da (In Ankara), İzmir de (In İzmir), etc. To build a choice question in the pattern ( or?), we use the pattern -mı yoksa...-mı? Kışlada mı yoksa askeri kampta mı yaşıyorsunuz? (Do you live in the barracks or in the military camp?) Otelde mi yoksa müstakil bir evde mi yaşıyorsunuz? All question suffixes are written separately. If the last vowel the question suffix Examples: in the word is will be -a / -ı, -mı kışlada mı yoksa çadırda mı? (barracks or tent?) -o / -u -mu doctor mu yoksa çocuk mu? (doctor or child?) -e / -i -mi ev mi yoksa otel mi? (house or hotel?) -ö / -ü -mü şoför mü yoksa müdür mü? (driver or manager?) 5. Read the following dialogues and translate them into English. Check your translations with the answer key. Make up similar dialogues using the words below. Work in pairs or in small groups. 1. A.Müstakil bir evde mi yoksa apartman dairesinde mi yaşıyorsunuz? B. Müstakil bir evde yaşıyorum. 2. A. Onlar bir otelde mi yoksa bir apartmanda mı yaşıyorlar? B. Onlar bir apartmanda yaşıyorlar. 31

6. Compose choice questions using the model and the words below. Check your work with the answer key. Model: Sen bir çadırda mı yoksa kışlada mı yaşıyorsun? Sen Onlar O O Biz çadır / kışla otel / müstakil ev apartment dairesi / askeri kamp oda / müstakil ev apartman / otel 7. Listen to the speaker and circle the words you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. barracks tent 2. house apartment building 3. military camp room 4. apartment hotel The verb to have The verb to have literally in Turkish is sahip olmak. However, it is not the verb that is used to express possession. To show possession in Turkish we use suffixes. Possessive Suffixes in Turkish In Turkish there are suffixes that we use at the end of words that tell us to whom something belongs. Following are the rules and a table of possessive suffixes. According to the vowel harmony rule in Turkish grammar, if the last vowel in a word is a front vowel (e, i, ö, ü), we use a suffix with a front vowel. If the last vowel is a back vowel (a, ı, o, u), we use a suffix with a back vowel. (There are exceptions with the word adapted into Turkish from other languages but we will study these in another lesson.) Benim bir arabam var. SUFFIXATION (Ben-im) bir (araba + m ) var..(i have a car.) Benim bir çadırım var. SUFFIXATION (Beni-im) bir (çadır + ım ) var..(i have a tent.) Actually the word var means there is and the structure above simply means that There is (something) and it belongs to (me/you/him/her/us/you/they). 32

The word ends The word ends Ben-im Sen-in O-nun Biz-im Siz-in Onlar-ın with a vowel with a consonant (I have) (You have) (S/he has) (We have) (You have) ( They have) -a / -ı -m -ım araba-m araba-n araba-sı araba-mız araba-nız araba-ları -n -ın çadır-ım çadır-ın çadır-ı çadır-ımız çadır-ınız çadır-ları -sı -ı -mız -ımız -nız -ınız -ları -ları -e / -i -m -im daire-m daire-n daire-si daire-miz daire-niz daire-leri -n -in ev-im ev-in ev-i ev-imiz ev-iniz ev-leri -si -i -miz -imiz -niz -iniz -leri -leri -o / -u -m -um radyo-m radio-n radyo-su radyo-muz radyo-nuz radyo-ları -n -un balkon-um balkon-un balkon-u balkon-umuz balkon-unuz balkon-ları -su -u -muz -umuz -nuz -unuz -ları -ları -ö / -ü -m -üm öykü-m öykü-ün öykü-sü öykü-müz öykü-nüz öykü-leri -n -ün gül-üm gül-ün gül-ü gül-ümüz gül-ünüz gül-leri -sü -sü -müz -ümüz -nüz -ünüz -leri -leri The Turkish nouns used above mean: araba (car), çadır (tent), apartman dairesi (apartment), ev (house), radyo (radio), balkon (balcony), öykü (story), gün (day) I have a house. (Ben-im) bir ev-im var. You have a house. (Siz-in) bir ev-iniz var. (Formal) (Sen-in) bir ev-in var. (Informal) He/she has a house. (On-un) bir ev-i var. We have a house. (Biz-im) bir ev-imiz var. You have a house. (Siz-in) bir ev-iniz var. They have a house. (Onlar-ın) bir ev-i var. 8. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. 1 I have a house in Muğla. Benim Muğla da bir evim var. 2 We have a room in an apartment building. Bizim bir apartmanda bir odamız var. 3. Cem has an apartment in İzmir. Cem in İzmir de bir apartman dairesi var. 4. Umut and Gül have their house in İskenderun. Umut ve Gül ün İskenderun da bir evi var. 33

9. Make up sentences using the pattern to show possession. Model: Benim bir apartman dairem var. (I have an apartment.) Ben-im Sen-in O-nun O-nun O-nun Biz-im Onlar-ın bir ev-im / apartman-ım / oda-m var. bir ev-in / apartman-ın / oda-n var. bir ev-i / apartman-ı / oda-sı var. bir ev-i / apartman-ı / oda-sı var. br ev-i / apartman-ı / oda-sı var. bir ev-imiz / apartman-ımız / oda-mız var. bir ev-i /apartman-ı / odası var. In Turkey many people prefer having a government job. Although most government jobs are not well paid, people think they are more secure and stable. Lots of people work as laborers, nurses, clerks, police officers, teachers, or doctors. Although the country is becoming more technology-based and new jobs have been created in big cities, the farming industry still has an important role in the Turkish economy. 10. Listen to the new vocabulary related to professions and repeat after the speaker. Profession Doctor Nurse Laborer Teacher Student Soldier Mechanic Farmer Police Officer Waitress / Waiter Interpreter Meslek Doktor Hemşire İşçi Öğretmen Öğrenci Asker Teknisyen Çiftçi Polis Memuru Garson Tercüman 11. Circle the more likely profession of the two choices under the photo. 34

Hemşire mi yoksa öğretmen mi? Police memuru mu yoksa çiftçi mi? Garson mu yoksa doctor mu? Asker mi yoksa tercüman mı? 12. Match the Turkish words on the right with their English equivalents on the left. Check your work with the answer key. 1. Profession A. Garson 2. Doctor B. Çiftçi 3. Nurse C. Tercüman 4. Laborer D. Meslek 5. Teacher E. Hemşire 6. Student F. Polis memuru 7. Soldier G. Doktor 8. Mechanic H. İşçi 9. Farmer I. Öğrenci 10. Police Officer J. Asker 11. Waitress K. Teknisyen 12. Interpreter L. Öğretmen The rule to make nouns plural is quite easy. There are two main suffixes that we use to make nouns plural: -ler / -lar The question might be when to use which one. There is a simple rule to follow: If the last vowel of the word is a back vowel a / ı / o /u use lar to make the word plural. If the last vowel of the word is a front vowel e / i /ö /ü use ler to make the word plural. Examples: Meslek (Profession) Doktor (Doctor) Hemşire (Nurse) Garson (Waiter/Waitress) Meslek-ler (Professions) Doktor-lar (Doctors) Hemşire-ler (Nurses) Garson-lar (Waiters/Waitresses) 35

13. Listen to the plural form of nouns related to the names of professions, and repeat after the speaker. Profession Meslek Doctor Doktor Nurse Hemşire Laborer İşçi Teacher Öğretmen Student Öğrenci Soldier Asker Mechanic Teknisyen Farmer Çiftçi Police officer Polis memuru Waitress Garson Interpreter Tercüman Professions Meslekler Doctors Doktorlar Nurses Hemşireler Laborers İşçiler Teachers Öğretmenler Students Öğrenciler Soldiers Askerler Mechanics Teknisyenler Farmers Çiftçiler Police officers Polis memurları Waitresses Garsonlar Interpreters Tercümanlar 14. Listen to the speaker and put a circle around each word you hear. Replay the audio as many times as you need. Check your answers with the answer key. A. He is a mechanic / farmer. B. They are teachers / doctors. C. She is an interpreter / student. D. They are police officers / soldiers. 36

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. Give a brief introduction of yourself, listing your name, where you are from, where you live, and what your occupation is in Turkish. Model: Benim adım Ebru. Ben Türküm. Türkiye liyim. İstanbul da yaşıyorum. Öğretmenim. Bir apartman dairesinde yaşıyorum. key. 2. Listen to the recording and circle all the professions you hear. Check your work with the answer A. 1. waitress 2. police officer 3. interpreter B. 1. nurse 2. teacher 3. farmer C. 1. doctor 2. nurse 3. student 3. Reproduce the questions to the following answers. Check you work with the answer key. 1.? Benim adım Ali. 2.? Ben Turkiye liyim. 3.? Evet, ben İstanbul da yaşıyorum. 4.? Benim bir evim yok. Apartman dairem var. 5.? Evet, ben bir teknisyenim. 37

Vocabulary List Apartment Apartman dairesi Apartment building Apartman Barracks Kışla Military camp Askeri kamp House Müstakil ev Tent Çadır Room Oda Big Büyük Small Küçük Profession Meslek Farmer Çiftçi Doctor Doktor Nurse Hemşire Laborer İşçi Teacher Öğretmen Student Öğrenci Soldier Asker Mechanic Teknisyen Waitress Garson Interpreter Tercüman Police officer Polis memuru To have Sahip olmak (Ben-im/Sen-in O- nun/ Biz-im/ Siz-in/ Onlar-ın var.) 38

ANSWER KEY Exercise 3 1. İbrahim lives in a tent at the military camp. 2. Salih Bey lives in a small apartment. 3. Onur and Burcu live in a big house in Ankara. 4. Levent lives in a hotel. 5. Serdar and Mert live in the barracks. 6. Bob and I live in our house. Exercise 5 1. A. Do you live in a house or in an apartment? B. I live in a house. 2. A. Do they live in a hotel or in an apartment building? B. They live in an apartment building. Exercise 6 Siz çadırda mı yoksa kışlada mı yaşıyorsunuz? Onlar otelde mi yoksa bir evde mi yaşıyorlar? O bir apartmanda mı yoksa bir askeri kampta mı yaşıyor? O bir odada mı yoksa bir evde mi yaşıyor? Biz bir apartman dairesinde mi yoksa bir evde mi yaşıyoruz? Exercise 7 1. tent 2. house 3. military camp 4. hotel Exercise 12 1. Profession D. Meslek 2. Doctor G. Doktor 3. Nurse E. Hemşire 4. Laborer H. İşçi 5. Teacher L. Öğretmen 6. Student I. Öğrenci 7. Soldier J. Asker 8. Mechanic K. Teknisyen 9. Farmer B. Çiftçi 10. Police Officer F. Polis Memuru 39

11. Waitress A. Garson 12. Interpreter C. Tercüman Exercise 14 A. farmer çiftçi B. teachers öğretmenler C. interpreter tercüman D. soldiers askerler End of Lesson Exercise 2 A. 3 tercüman interpreter B. 2 öğretmen teacher C. 3 öğrenci student End of Lesson Exercise 3 1. Adınız ne? 2. Nerelisiniz? 3. İstanbul da mı yaşıyorsunuz? 4. Sizin bir eviniz mi yoksa apartman daireniz mi var? 5. Siz bir teknisyen misiniz? 40