1. In spite of the widespread effects of Christianity on the Anglo-Saxons, they clung ---- to many of the superstitions and customs from their pagan past. A) hardly B) firmly C) rapidly D) fairly E) urgently 2. The Sun s gravitational pull on the moon is more than twice that ---- by the Earth. A) attempted B) undertaken C) magnified D) replaced E) exerted 3. When a tissue is injured, a rapid chain of events ---- the production of fibrin, a stringy, insoluble mass of protein fibers that forms a clot from liquid blood. A) holds up B) makes up C) breaks down D) leads to E) puts out 4. Many observers predict that as China ---- to open itself, state control ----. A) has continued / had eased B) continues / will ease C) continued / could have eased D) will continue / has eased E) had continued / may have eased 5. Various agencies ---- to keep pesticide use within safe limits, and most consumers feel they -- -- on them. A) were set up / have depended B) have been set up / can depend C) would be set up / were depending D) are being set up / must have depended E) would have been set up / must depend 6. Much can be learned from a study ---- two Medicare bills that are currently working their way ---- Congress. 7. The book adheres ---- closely to a standard chemistry curriculum. A) seldom B) such C) as D) fairly E) enough 8. According to Vietnamese researchers, the bird flu virus may have affected hundreds of people, who have not ---- been diagnosed. A) also B) or C) so D) yet E) just 9. The Symbolists explored the subtle changes in the human psyche and conveyed them through symbol and metaphor ---- by direct statement. A) including B) rather than C) not so much as D) such as E) as if 10. The discovery of planets outside our solar system is of great importance, ----. A) as individual dust particles are so small B) because the triangle of light stretches along the Sun s path in the sky C) since it is the first tangible clue that we may not be alone in the universe D) if one can communicate with extraterrestrial beings E) whether similar collections of worlds surround other stars in the galaxy 11. Many species of fish are poisonous to eat, ----. A) which have a fatally poisonous toxin called tetrodoxin B) but the most poisonous of all are some kinds of fish in the Red Sea and Indo-Pacific region C) whereas the fish s ovaries, intestines and skin contain the poison D) even if less than 0.1 g of the poison is enough to kill an adult in as little as 20 minutes E) since some people think they are also delicious A) in / at B) for / into C) to / over D) of / through E) from / for
12. ----, Afghanistan is still a country on edge. A) As the UN Security Council passed two resolutions in 1999 and 2000, demanding the Taliban cease their support for terrorism B) Unless President Hamid Karzai had an army of 20,000 C) Since 50 per cent of voters braved threats of insurgent attacks to vote in the September parliamentary elections D) Ever since the Taliban seized control of Kabul in September 1996 E) Four years after the US and its allies ousted the Taliban from power 13. ----, he was well-read in both Latin and Greek, and excelled in swimming and boxing. A) When Lord Byron entered Cambridge at the age of 17 B) However eager Lord Byron may have been to fight for the oppressed C) Since Lord Byron had left England in 1816, never to return D) Because, to his contemporaries, Lord Byron seemed more a colourful and scandalous personality than he was a poet E) As Lord Byron was a fiery rebel, an idealist and a conventional aristocrat 14. Anthropometric surveys in the US and Europe have shown that short people tend to overestimate their stature ----. A) but body image is a person s mental picture of their physical appearance B) which took more effort for their height and weight C) while heavy people often underestimate their weight D) so some individuals perceive themselves as having lost almost no weight E) since this mental image affects lifestyle behaviour 15. People with anorexia nervosa imagine that they are themselves fat, ----. A) even when they are dangerously underweight B) but among female athletes, anorexia nervosa may be as high as 66 per cent C) because family conflicts often play an important role in the development of anorexia nervosa D) as their first dietary objective is to stop weight loss E) although starvation brings other physical problems such as anaemia and impaired immune response 16. Contrary to popular belief, it is not Earth s magnetic field that shields people on the ground from cosmic rays, but rather the bulk of the atmosphere. A) Yeryüzündeki insanları kozmik ışınlardan atmosferin değil daha çok yerkürenin manyetik alanının koruduğu, yaygın bir yanlış inançtır. B) Halkın inandığından farklı olarak, yeryüzündeki insanları yalnız atmosferin kalınlığı değil yerkürenin manyetik alanı da kozmik ışınlardan korumaktadır. C) Yaygın inancın tersine, yerküre kozmik ışınlardan kendi manyetik alanından çok atmosferin kalınlığı sayesinde korunabilmektedir. D) Yaygın inancın tersine, yeryüzündeki insanları kozmik ışınlardan koruyan, yerkürenin manyetik alanı değil daha çok atmosferin kalınlığıdır. E) Yeryüzünü çevreleyen kalın atmosferin yanı sıra yerin manyetik alanının da insanları kozmik ışınlardan koruduğuna yaygın olarak inanılmaktadır. 17. Undoubtedly, some intelligence services in the world know where every single high-ranking member of the largest terrorist groups is. A) Dünyadaki en büyük istihbarat örgütleri, bazı terrorist gruplarının üst düzey üyelerinin nerede olduğunu kuşkusuz biliyordur. B) Kuşkusuz, bazı istihbarat örgütleri en büyük terrorist gruplarının her bir üst düzey üyesinin dünyanın neresinde olduğunu bilmek istiyordur. C) Kuşkusuz, en büyük terörist gruplarının üst düzey üyelerinin bulunduğu yer dünyadaki bütün istihbarat örgütlerince bilinmektedir. D) Kuşkusuz, dünyada, bazı terörist gruplarının her bir üst düzey üyesinin nerede olduğu büyük istihbarat örgütlerince bilinmektedir. E) Kuşkusuz, dünyadaki bazı istihbarat örgütleri en büyük terörist gruplarının her bir üst düzey üyesinin nerede olduğunu bilmektedir.
18. Pek çok insan, egzersiz yapmanın daha çok yemelerine neden olacağını sanır, oysa bu, tümüyle doğru değildir. A) Most people are convinced that, should they exercise, they will eat more, but this is not true at all. B) Many people think that exercising will make them eat more, but this is not entirely true. C) A lot of people are of the opinion that, through exercising, they will start to eat much more even though this is not absolutely correct. D) A number of people claim that exercising will make them eat more although this is not the case. E) Several people imagine that too much exercising will lead to too much eating, but this is not quite correct. 19. If you have ever burned your finger on a metal pot while waiting for the water in it to boil, you know that water heats up much more slowly than metal. In fact, because of hydrogen bonding, water has a better ability to resist temperature change than most other substances. ----. A) Because of this property, Earth s giant water supply moderates temperatures, keeping them within limits that permit life B) Temperature and heat are related, but different C) Another way water moderates temperatures is by evaporative cooling D) At 66% of your body weight, water helps moderate your internal temperature E) Water must absorb an unusually large amount of heat in order to vaporize because its hydrogen bonds tend to hold the molecules in place 20. Most researchers believe sleep has some sort of critical maintenance or restorative effect on neural tissue. ----. It has been found that in some birds, therefore, only half the brain rests at once. The other half stays alert, and the eye it controls stays open against potential risk. A) No one is sure why animals sleep B) Humans are frequently subjected to situations where they need to decide when and how much to sleep C) But this unconscious state has a cost: it makes animals vulnerable to predators D) The first two or three hours of deep sleep seem to be the most vital for humans E) The list includes pigeons, ducks, domestic chickens and a few other birds 21. Hector : - This article talks about a double-blind test for new medication. Val : - ---- Hector : - Well, it refers to a type of scientific testing in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters know the makeup of the test and control group during the actual course of the experiments. Val : - I guess that s the best way to prevent anyone affecting the outcome of the experiment. A) I ve already read it. B) Did you enjoy reading it? C) What kind of medication? D) I think all medication should be thoroughly tested before doctors prescribe it. E) What does that mean? 22. Robert : - Have you seen the French documentary film March of the Penguins? Cherie : - ---- Robert : - Yes, and I ve read an article that says that it was also really difficult to film because of the rough terrain and the harsh climate. Cherie : - Shall we go see it this evening? A) No, I haven t. B) Yes, I have. C) Not yet, but I ve heard it s really fascinating. D) How much does it cost these days to see a film? E) I don t think it s playing in cinemas any longer
23. Nancy : - My doctor just told me that he wants me to have a bronchoscope! Doesn t that involve a biopsy? Chuck : - Not necessarily. It may just mean that he needs to have a look inside the airways in your lungs. Nancy : - ---- Chuck : - Well, maybe he wants to finally determine the cause of your recurring cough and breathing problem. A) Actually, in recent weeks, my husband has also been coughing a great deal. B) What for? C) Well I don t want to have it done. D) Have you ever had the procedure? E) Will it hurt? 24. (I) With shipping predicted to increase threefold within the next 30 years, there are plans for a zeroemissions ferry. (II) It will catch the wind through computer-controlled sails covered by solar cells to generate extra electricity. (III) The vessel will have a main hull surrounded by four side hulls, cutting drag. (IV) This will also eliminate the need for ballast water, which can have a negative environmental impact. (V) Shipping is one of the cheaper ways of transporting goods across the vast oceans of our planet. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 25. (I) In half of the 23 developing countries, citizens and officials interviewed considered corruption in the health sector to be a major problem. (II) Many even identified health as the most corrupt sector in the government. (III) The solution is to enforce existing rules and hold managers more accountable. (IV) Systematic audits, clear contracting rules, and adequate oversight can help prevent corruption in the sector. (V) In the developing world, going to public health clinics means long waits and large gaps between diagnosis and treatment. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
The entire future of human space exploration rests on a patch of lunar ice. For the past two years NASA has focused on designing a new crew vehicle and launch system that could return astronauts to the moon by 2018. The agency s ultimate goal is to establish a permanent lunar base and use it for a human mission to Mars. But the grand plan depends on a risky prediction that NASA will find water ice in a permanently shadowed crater basin at one of the moon s poles. Plentiful ice deposits would be an asset for lunar colonists, who could use the water for life support or convert it to hydrogen and oxygen rocket fuel. And two orbiters sent to the moon in the 1990s, Clementine and Lunar Prospector, found evidence of ice in perpetually shadowed polar areas where consistently frigid temperatures would preserve the water carried to the moon by comet and meteorite impacts. But some scientists have disputed Clementine s radar data, and the anomalous neutron emissions observed by Lunar Prospector could have been caused by atomic hydrogen in the lunar soilinstead of ice. 26. It can be understood from the passage that some scientists ----. A) think that human space exploration should not continue B) want to send two orbiters to the moon, called Clementine and Lunar Prospector C) disagree with the evidence that seems to show the existence of water ice on the moon D) do not believe that comets and meteorites could possibly have carried water to the moon 28. It is pointed out in the passage that Clementine and Lunar Prospector ----. A) were used to establish a permanent lunar base B) tried to preserve the water carried to the moon by comet and meteorite impacts C) will be used as crew vehicles to transport astronauts to the moon D) returned faulty data during their exploration of the moon s polar regions E) have, according to some scientists, discovered traces of ice in the polar areas of the moon 29. The passage makes it clear that NASA wants to return astronauts to the moon ----. A) to protect it from further damage from comet and meteorite impacts B) for a full exploration of atomic hydrogen in the lunar soil C) in order to build a permanent base there for space exploration D) so that they can bring the ice found there back to Earth E) despite the fact that the lunar surface has frigid temperatures E) maintain that a human mission to Mars could not be successfully launched from the moon 27. According to the passage, in order for humans to live permanently on the moon, ----. A) the frigid polar areas would first need to be artificially heated B) NASA needs to first prove the existence of water ice there C) NASA must first prepare a human mission to Mars D) NASA must remove the plentiful ice deposits at the poles E) water must be carried there by the two orbiters, Clementine and Lunar Prospector
Despite various scientific advances, in the early 1900s the public still did not understand mental illness and viewed mental hospitals and their inmates with fear and horror. Clifford Beers undertook the task of educating the public about mental health. As a young man, Beers developed a bipolar disorder and was confined for 3 years in several private and state hospitals. Although chains and other methods of torture had been abandoned long before, the straitjacket was still widely used to restrain excited patients. Lack of funds made the average state mental hospital with its overcrowded wards, poor food, and unsympathetic attendants a far from pleasant place to live. After his recovery, Beers wrote about his experiences in the now-famous book A Mind That Found Itself (1908), which aroused considerable public interest. Beers worked ceaselessly to educate the public about mental illness and helped to organize the National Committee for Mental Hygiene. In 1950, this organization joined with two related groups to form the National Association for Mental Health. The mental hygiene movement played an invaluable role in stimulating the organization of child-guidance clinics and community mental health centres to aid in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. 30. According to the passage, Clifford Beers book, A Mind That Found Itself, ----. 32. It is pointed out in the passage that the part played by the mental hygiene movement in founding centres for child guidance and mental health was ----. A) unwanted B) minimal C) not at all helpful D) extremely important E) short-lived 33. It can be inferred from the passage that Beers desire to educate people about mental health resulted from ----. A) the improvements he saw taking place in mental hospitals B) his three-year confinement in mental hospitals C) his having been chained for long periods of time D) his reading of the book A Mind That Found Itself E) various scientific advances A) became popular when it was published, but is not popular anymore B) concentrates on the better aspects of life in a mental hospital C) did not gain much popularity among the public D) did little to inform the public about what went on inside mental hospitals E) made people more interested in mental health than they had previously been 31. It can be understood from the passage that, in the early 1900s, people feared mental hospitals and mental patients due to ----. A) their lack of education about mental health B) the torture and chains that were still in constant use to cure mental illness C) the book Clifford Beers had written about his experiences in mental hospitals D) the work of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene E) the inmates who had escaped from the hospitals
Much work on aging brains has focused on their failings, but a new study looks at how they succeed. In a University of Michigan at Ann Arbor report on which brain regions respond to challenging tasks, researchers found that aging brains function differently than young brains. Cindy Lustig of Ann Arbor used functional magnetic resonance imaging to observe the brains of young adults (aged 18 to 30) and seniors (65 to 92) as they tackled simple and difficult mental exercises. For the easy tasks, brain activity was very similar, but tougher challenges prompted differences. The seniors activated several frontal brain regions that the young adults did not. In addition, the younger people turned off parts of the brain not used during the tasks, but the elders kept those regions active. Lustig concludes that older adults brains can indeed rise to the challenge, at least in some situations, but they may do so differently. 34. According to the passage, Lustig s study shows that ----. A) young and aging brains show little difference in function when they are dealing with simple tasks B) aging brains cannot cope with a wide range of tasks, whether simple or challenging C) young people use their brain capacity much more fully than elders D) the reasons why aging brains fail in their activities are varied and need to be specified E) various mental exercises can delay the aging of the brain 36. It is pointed out in the passage that elderly people ----. A) perform far better than young people in all kinds of mental activities B) use more of the different parts of their brain to deal with difficult mental tasks than young people do C) ought to be always encouraged to do mental exercises D) should try hard to improve their mental capacity and do well in challenging situations E) have aroused Lustig s interest and fully collaborated with her in her research 37. We learn from the passage that, as Lustig discovered during her study, unlike the elderly, the young adults ----. A) used certain regions of their brain for certain tasks B) always tended to avoid challenging situations C) showed no great deal of difference between tackling easy and difficult mental tasks D) used all the parts of their brain in responding to every mental task E) were more interested in the performance of their brain than in the causes of mental failure 35. It is clear from the passage that Lustig s principal aim in conducting the study was ----. A) to determine whether elderly people show the same reaction when they are faced with a difficult or an easy situation B) to carry out her research on a group of young and elderly people associated with the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor C) to understand the difference in how young and old people use their brain to deal with both simple and difficult tasks D) to formulate a series of mental exercises suitable for her use of magnetic resonance imaging E) to discover the causes of aging brain failures
A B C D E A B C D E 1 x 26 x 2 x 27 x 3 x 28 x 4 x 29 x 5 x 30 x 6 x 31 x 7 x 32 x 8 x 33 x 9 x 34 x 10 x 35 x 11 x 36 x 12 x 37 x 13 x 38 14 x 39 15 x 40 16 x 41 17 x 42 18 x 43 19 x 44 20 x 45 21 x 46 22 x 47 23 x 48 24 x 49 25 x 50
1) Widespread: yaygın 2) Superstition: batıl inanç 3) Custom: töre, gelenek 4) Cling: sarılmak 5) Urgently: acilen 6) Gravitational: yerçekimi ile ilgili 7) Attempt: çaba, çabalamak, girişmek 8) Magnify: büyütmek 9) Exert: kullanmak 10) Undertake: üstlenmek 11) Tissue: doku 12) Injure: yarala(n)mak 13) Chain: zincir 14) Stringy: ip gibi 15) Insoluble: çözünmez 16) Mass: kütle 17) Break down: parçalamak 18) Put out: söndürmek, sorun olmak, bayılmak 19) Hold up: desteklemek, kaldırmak, ertelemek 20) Predict: tahmin etmek 21) Ease: kolaylık 22) Various: çeşitli 23) Pesticide: zararlı böcek ilacı 24) Depend on sth: e bağlı olmak 25) Currently: şu anda 26) Adhere: desteklemek 27) Curriculum: müfredat 28) Diagnose: teşhis etmek 29) Explore: keşfetmek 30) Subtle: incelikli 31) Convey: iletmek 32) Metaphor: mecaz 33) Statement: ifade 34) Stretch: uzanmak, gerilmek 35) Clue: ip ucu 36) Tangible: elle tutulur 37) Communicate with sb: ile iletişim kurmak 38) Extraterrestrial: dünya dışı 39) Surround: etrafını çevirmek 40) Poisonous: zehirli 41) Contain: içermek, engellemek 42) Delicious: lezzetli 43) Resolution: çözüm 44) Cease: durdurmak 45) Demanding: zor, yorucu 46) Insurgent: asi 47) Brave: cesur, cesaret etmek 48) Threat: tehdit etmek 49) Seize: kapmak, kuşatmak 50) Ally: müttefik 51) Oust sb from: den kovmak 52) Oppress: baskı yapmak, ezmek 53) Contemporary: çağdaş 54) Conventional: geleneksel 55) Mental: zihinsel 56) Appearance: görünüm 57) Underestimate: küçümsemek 58) Perceive: algılamak 59) Underweight: normalden hafif, yetersiz 60) Conflict: çatışma, çatışmak 61) Impair: bozmak 62) Magnetic: manyetik 63) Bulk: cüsse 64) High-ranking: üst sırada yer alan 65) Absolutely: kesinlikle 66) Absorb: emmek 67) Vaporize: buharlaşmak 68) Unusually: sıra dışı şekilde 69) Maintenance: bakım 70) Be subjected to: e maruz kalmak 71) Unconscious: bilinçsiz 72) Vulnerable: hassas 73) Predator: avcı, yırtıcı 74) Domestic: iç 75) Thoroughly: kapsamlı şekilde 76) Documentary: belgesel 77) Terrain: alan, bölge 78) Harsh: sert, şiddetli 79) Fascinating: büyüleyici 80) Necessarily: illaki, gerekli olarak 81) Recur: tekrarlamak, nüksetmek 82) Cough: öksürmek 83) Generate: üretmek 84) Vessel: gemi, damar 85) Surround: etrafını çevirmek 86) Eliminate: elemek 87) Predict: tahmin etmek 88) Threefold: üçe katlamak 89) Corruption: bozulma 90) Enforce: zorla yaptırmak 91) Accountable for sth: sorumlu 92) Adequate: uygun, yeterli
93) Oversight: denetim, görmezden gelme 94) Treatment: tedavi, davranış 95) Entire: tüm 96) Patch: yama, yamalamak 97) Exploration: keşif 98) Launch: fırlatmak, piyasaya çıkarmak, suya indirmek, başlatmak 99) Crew: takım, mürettebat 100) Ultimate goal: nihai amaç 101) Permanent: daimi 102) Establish: kurmak 103) Grand: büyük 104) Permanently: daimi olarak 105) Asset: mal, mülk 106) Convert: e dönüştürmek 107) Perpetually: sürekli olarak 108) Consistently: sürekli olarak 109) Preserve: korumak 110) Disagree with sb: biriyle anlaşamamak 111) Evidence: kanıt 112) Artificially: yapay olarak 113) Frigid: soğuk 114) Plentiful: bol 115) Permanent: daimi 116) Impact: etki 117) Faulty: hatalı 118) Permanent: daimi 119) Inmate: samimi arkadaş, oda arkadaşı 120) Disorder: hastalık 121) Torture: işkence etmek 122) Abandon: terk etmek 123) Restrain: engellemek 124) Overcrowded: aşırı kalabalık 125) Ward: koğuş 126) Pleasant: hoş 127) Attendant: katılımcı 128) Arouse public interest: halkın ilgisini uyandırmak 129) Ceaselessly: dikkatsizce 130) Invaluable: paha biçilmez 131) Cure: tedavi, çare, tedavi etmek 132) Escape from: den kaçmak 133) Desire: arzulamak 134) Result from: den kaynaklanmak 135) Take place: gerçekleşmek 136) Confinement: hapis, hapsolma 137) Challenging: zor 138) Differently: farklı şekilde 139) Prompt: ani, hemen harekete geçmek 140) Challenge: zorluk, meydan okumak 141) Cope with: ile başa çıkmak 142) Delay: geciktirmek 143) Conduct: yapmak 144) Carry out: yapmak, yürütmek 145) Deal with: uğraşmak, başa çıkmak 146) Suitable: uygun 147) Failure: başarısızlık 148) Aging: yaşlanma 149) Encourage: teşvik etmek 150) Collaborate with: işbirliği yapmak 151) Tend: eğiliminde olmak 152) Tackle with: başa çıkmak, uğraşmak