NAMIK KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ UZAKTAN EĞİTİM MERKEZİ UNIT 7. A Prepositions of Place 1 B Present Simple (+ / - /?) 3 C Adverbs of Frequency 8

Transkript

1 UNIT 7 A Prepositions of Place 1 B Present Simple (+ / - /?) 3 C Adverbs of Frequency 8 Yabancı Dil 1 WEEK 12 & WEEK , Tekirdağ

2 UNIT 7 A) PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE (YER EDATLARI) IN Bir nesnenin bir şeyin içinde olduğunu ifade ederken kullanılır. This ball is in the red box. ON Nesnelerin birşeyin üstünde olduğunu ifade etmekte kullanırız. The ball is on the red box. UNDER Bir nesnenin başka bir nesnenin altında olduğunda söylerken kullanılır. The ball is under the box. BETWEEN Bir şeyin iki nesne arasında olduğunu ifade etmekte kullanılır. John is between Jack and Mike. NEXT TO Bir nesnenin diğerinin bitişiğinde olduğunu ifade ederken kullanırız. The brown house is next to the black house. BEHIND Bir nesne başka bir nesnenin arkasındaysa behind kullanırız. The men are behind the pumpkins. IN FRONT OF Bir şey başka bir nesnenin önünde duruyorsa in front of kullanırız. The pumpkins are in front of the men. 1

3 OPPOSITE Bir nesne başka bir nesnenin karşısında duruyorsa opposite kullanırız. Our house is opposite of my school. NEAR Bir nesnenin diğer bir nesnenin yakınlarında olduğunu ifade eder. My car is near the cafe. AT Bir nesnenin belli bir mekanda olduğunu ifade ederken kullanılır. Kullanımı en zor edattır, Türkçe de tam birebir bu görevi üstlenen bir öğe bulunmaması bunun başlıca sebebidir. at home (evde) at the door (kapıda) at the bus stop (otobüs durağında) EXERCISES (ALIŞTIRMALAR) EXERCISE 1: Mark the sentences True (T) or False (F). 1. The cat is behind the table. 2. The glasses are next to the magazine. 3. The watch is next to the bag. 4. The sweets are on the bag. 5. The umbrella is under the table. 6. The rollerblades are on the table. 7. The football is next to the table. 8. The watch, the bag and the magazine are on the table. 2

4 B) PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (GENİŞ ZAMAN) We use the Present Simple Tense to talk about states, things that are generally true and to talk about habits, routines. Geniş zaman; içinde bulunulan durumları, geçerliliği olan doğruları, yaptığımız işleri ve alışkanlıklarımızı ifade etmek için kullanılır. I live in Los Angeles in the USA. (state, general truth) The club opens at eleven o clock. (a routine) The music finishes at half past four. (generally true) I normally go to bed at three o clock in the afternoon. (habit) If your subjects are I, you, we, they, you only use the bare infinitive. Cümlenin öznesi I, you, we, they ise, fiilin yalın hali kullanılır. I live in Los Angeles in the USA. I get up, have a shower and get dressed. We go home at nine o clock. If your subjects are he, she, it, you add s, -es, ies to the verb. Cümlenin öznesi he, she, it ise, fiile s, -es, ies eklerinden bir tanesi eklenir. My day starts at nine o clock. The club opens at eleven o clock. The music finishes at half past four. 3

5 Look at the table below and learn how we add s, -es, -ies to the verbs. Fiillerin sonuna s, -es, ies ekinin nasıl ekleneceğini öğrenmek için tabloya bakabilirsiniz. Most Verbs Add -s Verbs Ending In -sh / -ch / -o Add -es Verbs Ending In consonant + y Change y to -ies Irregular Verbs I/ You/ We/ They He/ She/ It work works get gets finish finishes watch watches go goes study studies cry cries have be has am/ is/ are We make negative sentences in the Present Simple Tense with don t V 1 for the subjects I, You, We, They. I, you, we, they özneleri ile olumsuz cümle yapmak için don t V 1 yapısı kullanılır. I don t have breakfast at home. I don t live near the club. I don t earn a lot of money. I don t work on Sundays and Mondays. We make negative sentences in the Present Simple Tense with doesn t V 1 for the subjects He, She, It. He,she, it özneleri ile olumsuz cümle yapmak için doesn t V 1 yapısı kullanılır. He doesn t have breakfast at home. She doesn t live near the club. Sarah doesn t earn a lot of money. Nick doesn t work on Sundays and Mondays. 4

6 Don t add s,-es,-ies to the verb if your sentences are negative. Olumsuz cümlelerde fiilin sonuna s,-es,-ies eki getirilmez. She doesn t lives near the club. Sarah doesn t earns a lot of money. Nick doesn t works on Sundays. She doesn t live near the club. Sarah doesn t earn a lot of money. Nick doesn t work on Sundays. EXERCISES (ALIŞTIRMALAR) EXERCISE 2: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box. read drink not drive have start not go 1. My son breakfast every morning. 2. My children books before they go to bed. 3. He to work at the weekend. He stays at home. 4. My father tea in the evening. 5. Our lesson at in the morning. 6. My father to work every day. He sometimes takes the bus. We use do/does to make questions with simple present tense. We use do with I, you, we, and they. We use does with he,she, and it. Geniş zamanda soru oluşturmak için do ve does yardımcı fiillerini kullanılır. I, you, we ve they kişi zamirleri ile do yardımcı fiilini kullanırız. He, she ve it kişi zamirleri ile does yardımcı fiilini kullanırız. In yes-no questions, we use do/does first and the subject after that. In Wh- questions, we use the question word (What, Where, When, etc.) before do/does. Evet veya hayır denilerek cevaplanabilecek sorularda, ilk başta do/does yardımcı fiilini ve sonra kişi zamirini kullanırız. Soru kelimeleri ile oluşturulan sorularda, do/does yardımcı fiilinden önce bir soru kelimesi kullanırız. 5

7 Don t forget to omit s, es, ies from the verbs in question forms. Olumlu cümlelerde, he / she / it özneleri için fiilin sonuna eklenen s, es, ies eklerini, soru yaparken fiile eklemeyiniz. Does the club opens in the morning? Does the club open in the morning? When does it closes? When does it close? YES-NO QUESTION FORM (YES-NO SORU YAPISI) I DO DOES we you they he she it go to school early? have any problems? live in a flat? SHORT ANSWERS (KISA CEVAPLAR) Do I look tired? Yes, you do. No, you don t. Do you work late? Yes, I do. No, I don t. Does he play the piano? Yes, he does. No, he doesn t. Does she read books? Yes, she does. No, she doesn t. Does it have a long tail? Yes, it does. No, it doesn t. Do we have classes on Monday? Yes, we do. No, we don t. Do they often visit you? Yes, they do. No, they don t. Do you work with computers? Does she live near here? Do they work at the weekend? What does your father do? Where do you live? What time do you get up? What kind of food do you like? How many students do you teach? What color do you like most? 6

8 Example Dialogue / Örnek Diyalog Sam s at the club, and he meets Jack. They start talking. Jack asks him some questions. Jack: Do you like your job at the club? Sam: Yes, I do. I enjoy working here, and meeting with new people. Jack: Do you play only the piano? Sam: No, I don t. If the guitarist is busy, and doesn t come, I sometimes play the guitar. Jack: Does the club open in the morning? Sam: No, it doesn t. It opens at eleven o clock in the evening. Jack: When does it close? Sam: It closes at five o clock in the morning. Jack: How do you get home? Sam: Actually, I don t normally go home when the club closes. I normally go to a restaurant with my friends from the club. We drive home at nine o clock. EXERCISES (ALIŞTIRMALAR) EXERCISE 3: Turn the following sentences into question form. e.g. She likes tennis. Does she like tennis? 1. She lives in a flat.? 2. I love my family.? 3. They go to the university.? 4. Sarah plays basketball.? 5. He speaks Spanish.? 6. We play table tennis.? EXERCISE 4: Complete the conversations. Use the correct form of the verb. 1. A: Jonah a musical instrument. B: What does he? A: He the violin. B: Does he the piano, too? A: No, he doesn t. 2. A: Where does Susannah? B: She near the hospital. A: Does she with her family? B: No, she doesn t. She with two friends. 7

9 EXERCISE 5: Match a question 1-10 to an answer A-J. 1. Where are you from? A. It s in Spain. 2. How old are you? B. She s my manager. 3. Who is she? C. David. 4. What is it? D. It s a camera. 5. Who are you? E. I m forty-nine. 6. Where is Fuerte Ventura? F. He s my father. 7. How old is he? G. He s nineteen. 8. What is his name? H. I m Martin Creek. 9. What s your favourite film? İ. Superman II. 10. Who is he? J. Lublin in Poland. EXERCISE 6: Put the following words into correct order. 1. live / where / people / do /? 2. you / homework / do/ do /? 3. your / in / America / does / live /sister /? 4. like / you / vegetables / do /? 5. finish / the play / does / at eight o clock /? 6. start / school / does / Monday / your / on /? C) ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY (SIKLIK ZARFLARI) When we want to talk about the number of times something happens in a particular period, we use adverbs of frequency: always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never. Belli bir zaman periyodu içerisinde bir eylemin veya durumun gerçekleşme sayısından bahsederken sıklık zarflarını kullanırız; bunlar her zaman, genellikle, sık sık, bazen, nadiren ve hiç bir zaman dır. % 100 ALWAYS USUALLY OFTEN % 0 SOMETIMES RARELY NEVER 8

10 We use adverbs of frequency before the main verb. Sıklık zarflarını cümlede yüklem olan eylemi bildiren sözcükten önce kullanırız. I always wake up at the same time. I never have time for breakfast. I sometimes forget my school books. I often do it on the bus to school. We use adverbs of frequency after the verb to be (am, is, are). Eğer cümle to be fiili ile yapılmışsa geniş zamanda am / is / are dan sonra sıklık zarflarını kullanmamız gerekir. I am often late. You are always lazy. They aren t often in bed before 10 p.m. EXERCISES (ALIŞTIRMALAR) EXERCISE 7: Choose the correct adverb of frequency. 1. Jack eats in restaurants two or three times a week. He often / never / always eats in restaurants. 2. Mark and Anna go to Spain for their holidays every year. They usually / always / sometimes go to Spain for their holidays. 3. Jenny doesn t like coffee. She drinks hot chocolate. She often / sometimes / never drinks coffee. 4. On Saturdays I go swimming, go to shops or stay at home. I sometimes / always / usually go swimming on Saturdays. EXERCISE 8: Put the adverbs in the correct places in the sentences. 1. We * get up early on Sundays. (never) We never get up early on Sundays. 2. I have a shower in the morning. (always) 3. We go to bed late. (usually) 4. He is tired after classes. (usually) 5. She doesn t go to parties. (often) 9

11 EXERCISE 9: Put the phrases in the correct order to make sentences. 1. for their holidays / Turkey / Paul and Katy / go to / usually 2. before 7 p.m. / television / my parents / never / watch 3. late / I am / on Monday / for class / often / mornings 4. for a walk / on Sundays / sometimes / go / we When we want to ask about the frequency of an action, we use How often...?. Bir eylemin gerçekleşme sıklığını sormak istiyorsak How often...? sorusunu kullanırız. A: How often do you clean the house? B: I clean my house once a week. (one time a week) A: How often does your mother go shopping? B: She goes shopping twice a week. (two times a week) A: How often do they go swimming? B: They go swimming three times a month. EXERCISES (ALIŞTIRMALAR) EXERCISE 10: Put the words in the correct order to make questions. 1. phone / your friend / how often / you / does /? 2. your / how often / do / you / do / homework /? 3. your mother / how often / go abroad / does /? 4. how often / do / your breakfast / in bed / you / eat /? HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT How do you spend your weekends? Write at least 10 sentences. You can use the following verbs in your sentences: watch TV do shopping play football, etc. go out with friends listen to music play the guitar help your parents relax at home read a book do exercise swim travel Haftasonlarında ne yaparsınız. En az 10 cümle yazınız. Tablodaki fiillerden faydalanabilirsiniz. 10