ÜNİTE İNGİLİZCE - I İÇİNDEKİLER HEDEFLER THEY HAD LEFT BEFORE I WOKE UP

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1 THEY HAD LEFT BEFORE I WOKE UP İÇİNDEKİLER Dilbilgisi: Past Perfect Dinleme & Konuşma: Geçmiş Bir Zamandan Daha Önce Olan Bir Olay hakkında Konuşma Okuma: Üniversitede Zor Günler III İNGİLİZCE - I HEDEFLER Bu üniteyi çalıştıktan sonra; Geçmişte belirli bir zamandan veya bir olaydan daha önce gerçekleşen olayları ifade edebilecek, Geçmişte belirli bir zamana veya olayın oluşuna kadar olan ve tamamlanan iş ve olayları ifade edebileceksiniz. ÜNİTE 10.

2 UNIT 10 THEY HAD LEFT BEFORE I WOKE UP Giriş: Past Perfect Tense geçmişte olmuş iki olayı, yapılan iki işi anlatırken, daha önce olanı gösterebilmek için kullanılır. Bir anlamda, geçmişin geçmişi olarak tanımlanabilir. Geçmişte ardı ardına gerçekleşen olayları anlatmak için Simple Past Tense kullanılabilir, fakat birinin daha önce olduğunu vurgulamak isteniyorsa Past Perfect Tense kullanılır. Past Perfect Tense (+): (-): (?): I, he, she, we, you, they had done homework by 12:00 p.m. yesterday. I, he, she, we, you, they had not done homework by 12:00 p.m. yesterday. Had I, he, she, we, you, they done homework by 12:00 p.m. yesterday? How had I, he, she, we, you, they done homework by 12:00 p.m. yesterday? Kısaltmalar: I d, you d, he/she/it d, we d, they d; hadn t Past Perfect Tense in zaman adı olarak Türkçe de karşılığı bulunmamaktadır. Bu tense, geçmişte yapılmış olan iki işten veya geçmişte olan iki olaydan söz edilirken, önce olan iş veya oluş Past Perfect Tense ile, sonra olan iş veya oluş ise Past Simple Tense ile ifade edilir. Past Perfect Tense li cümleler oluşturabilmek için had yardımcı fiilleri ile birlikte fiillerin 3. hali veya past participle dediğimiz hallerini kullanırız. Düzenli ve düzensiz fiillerin Past Perfect Tense e göre çekimlenmesi Present Perfect Tense te olduğu gibidir. I couldn t buy a ticket for the concert because I had lost my wallet. (Konser için bilet alamadım çünkü cüzdanımı kaybetmiştim.) I had visited our relatives before I left my hometown. (Memleketimden ayrılmadan önce akrabalarımı ziyaret etmiştim.) Past Perfect Tense i, geçmişte belli bir zamandan veya olaydan önce gerçekleşmiş herhangi bir eylem, oluş ve olgudan söz ederken kullanırız. Bu dilbilgisi yapısı yalnız başına kullanılamaz. Genellikle Past Perfect Tense yapısı, Past Simple Tense ile birlikte bağlaçlar yardımıyla kullanılır. Günlük hayatta, konuşma dilinde bu yapıya pek rastlamayız. Ancak yazı dilinde bazı durumlarda bu yapı karşımıza çıkabilir. When I got up, my brother Serkan had gone out. (Yataktan kalktığımda, erkek kardeşim Serkan dışarı çıkmıştı.) I was quite happy because I had visited the art gallery. (Çok mutluydum çünkü sanat galerisini ziyaret etmiştim.) I bought a new house after I had sold my car. (Arabamı sattıktan sonra yeni bir ev aldım.) Past Perfect Tense li bir cümleyi when bağlacından sonra kullandığımız zaman, herhangi bir şeyin tam anlamıyla tamamlandığını ifade etmiş oluruz. When I had repaired my car, I took my sister to the airport. When the plane had taken off, the pilot called for S.O.S. 64

3 EVALUATION QUESTIONS Exercise Fill in the blanks with the verbs in brackets putting them into affirmative, negative or question forms of Past Perfect Tense. 1. When I arrived at the cinema, the film (start). 2. She (live) in Erzurum before she went to Balıkesir. 3. After they (eat) fish with yoghurt, they began to feel sick. 4. If you (listen) to me, you would have got the job. 5. My wife Bilimsel didn t arrive until after I (leave). 6. When we (finish) lunch, we went out. 7. The garden was in bad condition because it (be) dry all summer. 8. My father (meet) my advisor somewhere before. 9. We were late for the train because we (forget) our tickets. 10. She told me she (not / study) a lot before the exam. 11. The trees were yellow because it (not/rain) all summer. 12. The lights went off because we (not/pay) the electricity bill. 13. The children (not/do) their homework, so they were in trouble. 14. We (not/eat) anything, so we went to a restaurant. 15. We couldn t go into the theatre because we (not/bring) our tickets. 16. She said that she (not/visit) the Greece before. 17. Eda and Harun (not/meet) before the party. 18. I (not/have) breakfast when he arrived. 19. He (not/use) before, so I showed him how to use it. 20. You (not/study) for the test, so you were very nervous., Alıştırma Fill in the blanks with the verbs in brackets putting them into affirmative, negative or question forms of Past Simple Tense or Past Perfect Tense. 1. By the time we got to the movie-theatre, the film (to start), so we missed the first 15 minutes. 2. When I rang the bell, there was no answer. The neighbor told me that they (to go out) about half an hour ago. 3. I saw Marmaris for the first time last night. I (to see NEGATIVE) it before. 4. I felt full. I (to have) a great dinner. 5. I spent a week in Datça recently. I (to be NEGATIVE) there before. 6. There was so much to see in Kuşadası. I wanted to see everything but I (to have NEGATIVE) enough time. 7. If I (to know) about the movie at the cinema, I would have gone. 8. If you (to take) my advice, it wouldn't have happened. 9. We would not have had an argument, if she (to mention NEGATIVE) politics. 10. If you (to park NEGATIVE) there, you wouldn't have got a parking fine. 11. She told me she (to buy) a new car last week. 12. The police said the burglar (to resist) arrest. 13. When he arrived, Aslı wasn't there. She (to leave) about five minutes before. 14. When we arrived back in Erzurum, they (to lose) our luggage. 15. When I (to get back), nobody had done the washing-up. 65

4 TALKING ABOUT WHAT SOMEONE HAS BEEN DOING : How was your day today? : I had a terrible day at school today. : Why? What happened? : I had a big exam and I missed it. : How did you miss it? : It all started last night? I went to bed late, so I didn t wake up early this morning. : Why didn t your parents wake you up? : They had had breakfast and left home before I got up. : What time did you arrive at school? : I arrived there at half past ten. : Had the exam started when you arrived? : It had started and finished by ten o clock. : Why had your classmates not called you before it started? : They had called me on my mobile but my mobile had been off until ten a.m. : Poor you! How awful! EVALUATION QUESTIONS Exercise Match the following questions with the answers. ( ) 1- Why didn t your parents wake you up? ( ) 2- What time did you arrive at school? ( ) 3- Had the exam finished when you arrived? ( ) 4- What happened? ( ) 5- Had your parents had breakfast when you got up? A- They had left home when I got up. B- I missed the exam. C- Yes, it had finished before I arrived. D- Yes, they had had breakfast before I got up. E- I arrived at school at ten o clock. HARD DAYS AT UNIVERSITY III After Seyfettin and Cahit had moved to the flat, they had a busy life because they were working and studying. It was the end of the term and Seyfettin and Cahit had a very important final exam. However, they remembered the date of the exam only one day before the exam, so they didn t have enough time for studying. It was the day of exam. They came to the classroom, they hadn t studied but they had found a solution for it. The previous day Seyfettin and Cahit had written some notes on small papers and they had planned to look at those papers during the exam. The exam started and they started to read the questions, but their notes on small papers were not about these questions. They had written notes about another subject, so the notes didn t work, and they didn t answer the questions. As a result, they didn t pass the exam because they hadn t studied and they had written wrong notes, and it was a hard and disappointing day for them again. 66

5 EVALUATION QUESTIONS Exercise Reading Comprehension Answer the following questions according to the passage. True or False?(T/F) 1. After Seyfettin and Cahit moved to the flat, they had a very comfortable life. 2. They had very little time for studying for the exam. 3. They had studied very hard for the exam. 4. They wrote notes on small papers during the exam. 5. The answers to the questions were on their small papers. 6. They answered all the questions. 7. They hadn t prepared for the exam, so they failed. 8. That day was disappointing for them. 9. The notes were about another subject. Exercise Answer the following questions according to the passage. 1. Why did they have a difficult life? 2. When did they remember the date of the exam? 3. What was their solution for the exam? 4. When had they written the notes on small papers? 5. Did their notes work? Why? Why not? 6. Were they happy after the exam? Why? Why not? Exercise Vocabulary Fill in the blanks using the words below. passed disappointing as a result date previous solutions busy 1. He always works. He has a very life. 2. Today is Sunday, so the was Saturday. 3. They studied very hard and they the exam September 1976 is his of birth. 5. He had a lot of problems, but he finally has found for them. 6. He didn t study, he failed. 7. I studied hard, but I failed. It was. 67