Floristic Investigation of Areas Between Kapıçam Forests and Ayvalı Dam (Kahramanmaraş)

Transkript

1 Floristic Investigation of Areas Between Kapıçam Forests and Ayvalı Dam (Kahramanmaraş) Cihangir UYGUN, Ahmet İLÇİM University of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Kahramanmaraş / Turkey ABSTRACT This investigation was carried out on the flora of areas between Ayvalı Dam and Kapıçam Forests between years 2001 and The research area is located in the Kahramanmaras province and on the C6 square by grid system. Altitude interval is between 432 m and 1032 m. The highest point of area is Imam Hill backwards at Elmalar. The lowest point is Karaçay by altitude of 432 m. In the area, 443 taxa found which are in 72 families and 258 genera. 12 of these taxa are new record for the C6 square. 45 of these taxa are endemic and rate of endemism is %9.13 (Cultivated plants are not contained). The distribution of taxa by the fitogeographic regions is as follows; 18.04% is Mediterranean element, 16.09% is Irano Turanien element, 4.53% is Europea Siberia element. The families which have the most taxa in research area are as follows : Fabaceae (67 spp.), Asteraceae (57spp.), Poaceae (29 spp.), Lamiaceae (23 spp.). Containing the number of species the major genera in this area are as follows: Vicia (13 spp.), Trifolium (11 spp.), Lathyrus (9 spp.), Salvia (8 spp.). Keywords: Flora, Turkey, Kapıçam Forests, Ayvalı Dam, Kahramanmaraş Kapıçam Ormanları ve Ayvalı Barajı (Kahramanmaraş) Arasındaki Alanların Floristik Yönden İncelenmesi ÖZET Bu araştırma yılları arasında Ayvalı Barajı Kapıçam Ormanları (Kahramanmaraş) arasında kalan alanların florasını tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma alanı Kahramanmaraş il sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır ve grid sistemine göre C6 karesi içinde yer alır. Araştırma alanında yükselti 432 m ile 1032 metre arasında değişmektedir. En yüksek nokta 1032 m ile Elmalar sırtında bulunan İmamın Tepesi, en dip nokta ise 432 m ile Karaçay havzasıdır. Araştırma alanında 72 familya ve 258 cinse ait 443 takson tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan 12 tanesi C6 karesi için yeni kayıttır. Araştırma sırasında teşhis edilen taksonlardan 45 tanesi endemik olup, endemizm oranı %9,13 tür (Kültür bitkileri dahil edilmemiştir). Bitkilerin fitocoğrafik bölgelere dağılımı ise şöyledir: Akdeniz elementleri %18.04, İran Turan elementleri 16.09, Avrupa-Sibirya elementleri ise %4.53. Araştırma alanında en çok taksona sahip familyalar; Fabaceae (67 tür), Asteraceae (57 tür), Poaceae (29 tür) şeklindedir. En fazla tür içeren cinsler ise; Vicia (13 tür), Trifolium (11 tür), Lathyrus (9 tür), Salvia (8 tür) şeklindedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Flora, Türkiye, Kapıçam Ormanları, Ayvalı Barajı, Kahramanmaraş Introduction The study area is located between Kapıçam Forests and Ayvalı Dam Construction area and C6 square on the grid system. The area has a special geographical and phytogeographical importance. Because it is located between the East Mediterranean Geographical Region and 1

2 South-East Geographical Region. Also located on the cross point of the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanien phytogeographical regions. This specifications make the area important for floristic studies. The area is twelwe kilometers far from province of Kahramanmaras and in South-east of it. It starts from National Road of Kahramanmaras-Gaziantep and spreads to Ayvalı Dam Construction area towards east (Figure 1). Major soil form is Brown Forest Soil espacially in Kapıçam Forest. Other forms are aluvial soils, coluvial soils, red-brown mediterranean soils by informations of Directorate of Forestery. Figure 1. Location map of study area. Climate conditions of area show a variation between mediterranean type and terrestrial type. Major precipitation type is rain. Precipitation is most in winter especially with rain form (Figure 2.). The most rainy month is January. The most temperatured month is August (Informations and values have taken from Meteorology Directorate). Precipitatation (mm) Temperature ( C) Winter %53 KAHRAMANMARAŞ Spring %28 Summer %1 J F M A My Jn Jl A S O N D (a) (b) Autumn %18 Figure 2. a- Precipitation values by months, b-precipitation values by seasons 2

3 2. Material Metot The materials of study are plant samples which are collected between years Samples collected at vegetative session with flowers and fruits. Samples are prefered which have both of flower and fruit. At the research area, 13 collecting center has designated (Table.1) and the name of areas abbrevated in floristic list as their number. In table some altitude values are higher than the values which introduced in indroduction. Because locaties which have higher altitude are not in study area but also named same name with collection centers. For example in table it is written as Ayvalı Dam Construction Area by altitude interval m. but eastern and northern sides of construction area is not contained in study area. Also Elmalar village s environ. Table 1. Collection centres Number Collection center name Altitude interval 1 Kapıçam (Areas between forest enterance and Botanical Garden) Kapıçam -2 (Areas between Botanical garden and First conservation area) Kapıçam -3 (Areas between First conservation area and Dedeömer Village) In forest area : m. Out forest area : m. 4 Kapıçam -4 (Areas between Easter line of forest and (9) Village) Çokyaşar Village Northern part : m. Southern part : m. 6 Dedeömer Village Northern part : m. Southern part : m. 7 Çokyaşar Kaymakam Obası Village Elbistanlı Village Elmalar Village Entrance and city area : m. Dam side : m. Kahramanmaraş side (Nort West) : m. Southern Side : m. 10 Environ of Ayvalı Dam vehicle park Vehicle park m. Dam canals area : m. Out of study area : m. 11 Ayvalı Dam Construction Area Body area : m. Northern side : m (out of study area) 12 Areas Between Karaçay Stream - Güzelyurt Village Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ. Karacasu Campus Collected samples are dried first by using special drying pasteboards. After drying, samples have grouped by families and genera. Also samples described into species. During description, P.H.Davis s Flora of Turkey publication is used and description made by this reference. In nomenclature, only the available names have used, sinonyms are not taken in the consideration. The collected samples are kept at KSUH (Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Herbarium). 3

4 At floristic list, taxa have sorted by the filogenetic order which have used in P.H.Davis s Flora of Turkey reference. Localities, collection date, collection altitude and collector stamp have written after taxa names. If taxa have special spread such as endemism, have written before collector stamp. If taxa is new for grid square of study area, this indicated after collector stamp by word of (New for C6). Cultivated plants are informed with a stand list after floristic list (as Appendix B). When informing the cultivated plants; collection date, altitude value and other details are not written. 3. Result and Discussion By the results of study 443 taxa has described from area which are in 72 families and 258 genera. 45 of these are endemic for area and 12 of them are new record for C6 square. Endemism rate is 9.13%. The distribution of taxa by the fitogeographic regions is as follows; 18.04% is Mediterranean element, 16.09% is Irano Turanien element, 4.53% is Europea Siberia element (Table 2). Table 2. Distrubition by phytogeographical Regions. Phytogeographical Regions Number of Taxa Rate (%) Mediterranean Irano-Turanien Europea - Siberia The families which have the most taxa in research area are as follows (Table.3): Fabaceae 67 spp., Asteraceae 57spp., Poaceae 29 spp., Lamiaceae 23 spp. Table 3. Families which have most taxa in the research area Name of Family Number of Genera / Species Rate by Genera (%) Asteraceae 36 / Fabaceae 25 / Poaceae 18 / Brassicaceae 15 / Rosaceae 14 / Lamiaceae 11 / Ranunculaceae 9 / Containing the number of species the major genera in this area are as follows (Table 4): Vicia (13 spp.), Trifolium (11 spp.), Lathyrus (9 spp.) and Salvia (8 spp.). Table 4. Major genera of area Name of Genera Number of Species Rate (%) Vicia Trifolium Lathyrus Salvia Centaurea Ranunculus Euphorbia Verbascum Astragalus

5 In comparison with the environmental flora; the floristic characters of study area according to environ. Number of total taxa is related to floras of near locations (Table 5). Most relative study by the value of total families is Yukarı Ceyhan Valley (KARA, 1995). Study area have more family variation than near studies. This may be a result of location. Despite of these conditions, some characters are different from environ such as number of families and total number of taxa. Because climate and soil types are show some differantiation. The major differantiation is climate. Environ has a dominant Mediterranean climate, but study area has a transition climate because of its location. In Kapıçam Forests; soil is corrupted by a result of public usage. Also soils which are near the villages are strongly deformed and denaturalised by wastes. These conditions have effected the flora. Table 5. Discussing of total number of taxa Research Name Number of Families Number of Genera Kapıçam Forests (2004) İmalı Deresi (ÇENET, 1998) Yukarı Ceyhan Vadisi (KARA, 1995) Başkonuş Dağı (VAROL, 2003) Number of Species According to geographical location of study area, dominant phytogeographic region rates are different from nearly studies. For example in İmalı Deresi study (ÇENET, 1998); dominant region is mediterranean and rate is %, this study have made on entirely Mediterranean Geographical Region of Turkey. But our study area is located on a crossing region and rate is lower than the other studies (Table 6). Table 6. Discussing of Dominant Phytogeographical Regions Research Name Dominant Rate (%) Phytogeographical Regions Kapıçam Forest (2004) Mediterranean İmalı Deresi (ÇENET, 1998) Mediterranean Yukarı Ceyhan Vadisi (KARA, 1995) Mediterranean Başkonuş Dağı (VAROL, 2003) Mediterranean Endemism rate is most relative with İmalı Deresi study (ÇENET, 1998). Because of locations have close conditions except geographical locations and some climate conditions such as wind. Table 7. Discussing of Endemism Research Name Number of endemic Taxa Rate (%) Kapıçam Forest (2004) İmalı Deresi (ÇENET, 1998) Yukarı Ceyhan Vadisi (KARA, 1995) Başkonuş Dağı (VAROL, 2003) By the result of study, it can be say that the areas under public usage have a limited floristic variation and their flora is effected. Also in under construction areas, plant variation shows a decreased case. It is important that this study area must inspect again after Ayvalı Dam construction finished. This way shows us that How can artificial conditions effect the naturel plant distribution?. REFERENCES 5

6 AKMAN, Y., İklim ve Biyoiklim, Palme Yayınları, Ankara. ÇENET, M., İmalı Deresi ve Çevresindeki Tepelerin Florası (Türkoğlu- Kahramanmaraş), KSÜ. Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 9(1), Kahramanmaraş. DAVIS, P.H., Flora Of Turkey And The East Aegean Islands, Vol. 1-9, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. DAVIS, P.H., Mill R.R. & TAN, K., Flora Of Turkey And The East Aegean Islands (Supplement), Vol. 10, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. GÜNER, A., ÖZHATAY, N., EKİM T. & BAŞER, K.H.C. (eds.) Flora Of Turkey And The East Aegean Islands (Supplement), Vol. 11, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. DUMAN, H., AYTAÇ, Z., Ahir, Berit, Binboğa ve Öksüz Dağlarının Yüksek Dağ Stebi Flora ve Vejetasyonu (Kahramanmaraş-Kayseri), TUBİTAK, TBAG-940, Ankara. DUMAN, H., VURAL, M., New Floristic Records For C6 Square, Doğa Türk Botanik Dergisi, Ankara, 15(2): DUMAN, H., Engizek Dağı (Kahramanmaraş) Vejetasyonu. Ankara, Turkish Journal of Botany 19:2, s. DÜZENLİ, A., Hasan Dağının Bitki Ekolojisi ve Bitki Sosylojisinin İncelenmesi, Orman Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22 (2): 7-53 GÜRBÜZ, M., KORKMAZ, H., GÜNDOĞAN, R., DIĞRAK, M., Gavur Gölü Bataklığının Coğrafi Özellikleri ve Rehabilitasyon Planı, İl Çevre Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Kahramanmaraş. KARA, C., 1995, Yukarı Ceyhan Vadisi Florası (Kahramanmaraş), Dumlupınar Üniv., Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kütahya. VAROL, Ö, 2003, Flora of Başkonuş Mountain (Kahramanmaraş), Turkish Journal of Botany, 27: YILDIZ, B., 2001, Flora of Berit Mountain (Kahramanmaraş), Turkish Journal of Botany, 25: YILDIZ, B., 1984, C6 Karesi İçin Yeni Floristik Kayıtlar, C.Ü. Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, Sivas, 2:43-52 Appendix A Flora of the Study Area 1. EQUISETACEAE 2. PINACEAE 1. Equisetum hyemale L., (12), 23/05/2002, 600 m., Uygun E. arvense L., (12), 23/05/2002, 600 m., Uygun Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe, (1), 10/07/2003,500 m., Uygun P. brutia Ten., (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun P. pinea L., (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun CUPRESSACEAE 1. Cupressus sempervirens L., (1), 10/07/2003,500 m.,medit. element,uygun Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus L., (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun 98. 6

7 3. J. excelsa Bieb., (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun RANUNCULACAE 1. Helleborus vesicarius Aucher., (11), 16/05/2004, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Nigella orientalis L., (11), 16/05/2004, 700 m., Uygun N.unguicularis (Lam.) Spenner., (12), 12/05/2003, 550 m., Uygun Delphinium peregrinum L., (12), 14/04/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun D. cinereum Boiss., (7), 14/04/2003, 550 m., endemic, Uygun Consolida orientalis (J. GAY) SCHRTDINGER, (9), 10/07/2003, 650 m., widespread, Uygun C. sulphurea (Boiss.&Hausskn.) P.H.Davis, (3), 16/07/2003, 600 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Anemone blanda Schott&Kotschy, (12), 14/04/2003, 550 m., Uygun A. coronaria L., (6), 14/04/2003, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun Adonis aleppica Boiss., (12), 14/04/2003, 550 m., Ir Tur element, Uygun A. annua L., (11), 16/05/2004, 700 m., Medit. element, Uygun A. microcarpa DC., (13), 06/04/2001, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun A. aestivalis L. subsp. aestivalis, (12), 30/04/2003, 550 m.,widespread, Uygun Ranunculus sericeus Banks & Sol., (11), 26/04/2003, 800 m, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun R. paludosus Poiret, (12), 31/03/2003, 550 m., Uygun R. millefolius subsp. millefolius P.H.Davis, (12), 30/04/2003, 500 m., Uygun R. scandicinus (Boiss.) P.H.Davis, (12), 14/04/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun R. arvensis L., (12), 500, 26/04/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun R. pinardi Boiss., (7), 14/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun R. ficaria L. subsp. ficariiformis Ravy&Fauc., (6), 14/04/2003, 600, Uygun Ceratocephalus falcatus (L.) Pers., (1), 14/04/2003, 500 m., Uygun Thalictrum flavum L., (9), 10/07/2003, 650 m., Uygun NYMPHACEAE 1. Nuphar lutea Sibth. & Sm., (4), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Uygun PAPAVERACEAE 1. Roemeria hybrida (L.) DC. subsp. hybrida, (1), 19/05/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun Papaver fugax Poiret var. fugax, (13), 06/04/2001, m., Uygun P. macrostomum Boiss.&Hausskn. ex Boiss., (1), 19/05/2003, 500 m., Ir.-Tur. elementi, Uygun P. rhoeas L., (1), 19/05/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun P. lacerum Popov., (1), 19/05/2003, 500 m., Uygun - 34 (New for C6). 6. P. clavatum Boiss. & Huet., (4), 16/05/2004, m., endemic, Uygun

8 7. Hypecoum imberbe Sibth&Sm., (7), 31/03/2003,650 m.,widespread, Uygun H. pendulum L., (7), 31/03/2003, 650 m., widespread, Uygun Fumaria parviflora Lam., (7), 12/05/2003, 600 m, Uygun F. asepala Boiss., (9), 16/05/2004, m., Uygun BRASSICACEAE (CRUCIFERAE) 1. Sinapis arvensis L., (1), 26/06/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun Raphanus raphanistrum L., (7), 31/03/2003, 650 m., Uygun Crambe orientalis L. var. orientalis, (3), 10/07/2003,550 m., widespread, Uygun Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. subsp. draba, (12), 12/05/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun Isatis glauca Aucher ex Boiss. subsp. glauca, (4), 16/05/2004, 600 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Iberis sempervirens L., (11), 16/05/2004, 650 m., Medit. elementi, Uygun Aethionema heterocarpum J.Gay, (1), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Uygun Thlaspi perfoliatum L., (11), 16/05/2004, 600 m., Uygun T. oxyceras (Boiss.) Hedge, (12), 20/05/2002, m., Uygun Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik, (1), 21/06/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun Neslia apiculata Fisch. C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall., (11), 16/05/2004, 650 m., widespread, Uygun Peltaria angustifolia DC., (1), 30/04/2003, 550 m., Uygun Fibigia clypeata (L.) Medik., (9), 13/05/2003, m., Uygun F. eriocarpa (DC.) Boiss., (9), 13/05/2003, m., Uygun Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L., (13), 30/04/2003,550 m., Uygun A. eriophyllum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.,(1),26/06/2003,550 m., endemic, Uygun A. samariferum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss., (1), 26/06/2003, 600 m., Uygun Nasturtium officinale R. Br., (1), 10/07/2003, 550 m., widespread, Uygun Cardamine hirsuta L., (2), 23/03/2002, m., cosmopolit, Uygun CAPPARACEAE 1. Capparis spinosa L. var. spinosa, (6), 12/08/2002, m., Uygun RESEDACEAE 10. CISTACEAE 1. Reseda lutea var. lutea, (7), 31/03/2003, 600 m., widespread, Uygun Cistus creticus L., (5), 28/06/2003, 700 m., Medit. elementi, Uygun C. parviflorus Lam., (1), 17/05/2002, m., Medit. elementi, Uygun VIOLACEAE 8

9 1. Viola odarata L., (8), 17/03/2003, 600 m., widespread, Uygun V. occulta Lehm., (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun V. modesta Fenzl., (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun PORTULACAEAE 1. Portulaca oleracea L., (2), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun CARYOPHYLLACEAE 1. Arenaria sabulinea Griz. ex Fenzl., (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun Minuartia globulosa (Lab.) Schinz&Thell., (4), 16/07/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Cerastium kotschyi Boiss., (11), 16/05/2004, m., Uygun Holosteum umbellatum L. var. umbellatum, (12),26/06/2003,500 m.,uygun H. umbellatum L. var. glutinosum (Bieb) Gay, (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun Dianthus floribundus L., (3), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun D. calocephalus Boiss., (5), 28/06/2003, 600 m., Uygun Velezia rigida L., (5), 28/06/2003, 600 m., Uygun Saponaria orientalis L., (12), 14/04/2002, 550 m., Uygun Vaccaria pyramidata Medik. var. grandiflora, (12), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun Silene colorata Poiret, (12), 14/04/2002, 500 m., Uygun Agrostemma githago L., (12), 12/05/2003, 550 m., Uygun ILLECEBRACEAE 1. Herniaria hirsuta L., (5), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun POLYGONACEAE 1. Polygonum amphibium L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Rumex scutatus L., (6), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun AMARANTHACEAE 1. Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd., (2), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun TAMARIACEAE 1. Tamarix smyrnensis Bunge, (12), 12/05/2003, m., Uygun HYPERICACEAE (GUTTIFERAE) 1. Hypericum spectabile Jaub&Spach, (12), 26/06/2003, m., endemic, Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun MALVACEAE 9

10 20. LINACEAE 1. Hibiscus esculentus L., (7), 14/05/2003, m., Uygun Malva sylvestris L., (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun Alcea pallida L., (2), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Uygun A. striata subsp. rufescens, (2), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Uygun Althaea armeniaca Ten., (1), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Gossypium hirsutum L., Villages at environ, 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Linum mucronatum Bertol. subsp. mucronatum, (3), 12/05/2003, m., Uygun GERANIACEAE 1. Geranium dissectum L., (7), 22/04/2003, m., Uygun G. stepporum Davis, (12), 26/06/2003, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element. Uygun Eryngium hoefftianum, (13), 06/04/2001, 550 m., Uygun E. cicutarium (L.) L Herit, (6), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun E. moschatum (L.) L Herit, (13), 30/04/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun ACERACEAE 23. VITACEAE 1. Acer platanoides L., (1), 14/04/2003, m., Uygun Vitis vinifera, Villages at environ, m., Uygun ANACARDIACEAE 1. Cotinus coggyria Scop., (4), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun Rhus coriaria L., (6), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun Pistacia terebinthus L. subsp. terebinthus, (10), 10/07/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun FABACEAE (LEGUMINOSAE) 1. Genista albida Willd., (8), 26/06/2003, 550 m., Uygun Argyrolobium crotalarioides Jaub.&Spach., (4), 16/07/2003, 650 m., Uygun Robinia pseudoacacia L., (1), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Colutea silicica Boiss.&Ball., (4), 14/04/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Astragalus macrocephalus Willd. subsp. macrocephalus, (8), 14/05/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun A. macrocephalus Willd. subsp. finitimus, (5), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun

11 7. A. lineatus Lam. var. lineatus, (12), 16/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun A. onobrychis L., (11), 14/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun A. schizopterus Boiss., (11), 14/05/2002, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. glabra, (2), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun Psoralea butiminosa L., (11), 16/05/2004, m., Uygun P. jaubertiana Fenzl., (12), 22/04/2002, m., Euxine element, Uygun Vicia cypria Kotschy ex Unger&Kotschy,, (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun V. monantha Retz., (1), 19/04/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun V. laxiflora Broth., (4), 14/04/2003, , Medit. element, Uygun (New for C6). 16. V. hirsuta (L.) S.F.Gray, (1), 16/05/2004, 550 m., widespread, Uygun V. assyrica Boiss., (2), 30/06/2003, 650 m., widespread, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun V. noena Reuter ex Boiss. var. noena, (1), 16/05/2004, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun V. sericocarpa Fenzl. var. sericocarpa, (1), 16/05/2004, 550 m., Uygun V. hybrida L., (1), 19/04/2003, 600 m., widespread, Uygun V. barbazitae Ten.&Guss. (1), 16/05/2004, 550 m., widespread, Uygun (New for C6). 22. V. grandiflora Scop. var. grandiflora, (1), 19/04/2003, 600 m., widespread, Medit. element, Uygun V. sativa L. subsp. sativa, (3), 30/06/2003, 600 m., cosmopolit, Uygun V. narbonensis L. var. narbonensis, (1), 16/05/2004, 550 m., widespread, Uygun Lens orientalis (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz., (12), 14/06/2002, 550 m., widespread, Uygun Lathyrus libani Fritsch., (12), 14/06/2002, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun L. niger (L.) Bernh., (8), 14/06/2002, 650 m., Euro-Sib. element, Uygun L. elongatus (Bornm.) Sirj., (12), 14/06/2002, 600 m., endemic, Uygun L. inconspicuus L., (13), 30/04/2003,550 m., widespread, Uygun L. annuus L., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun L. cicera L., (9), 29/06/2002, 650 m., widespread, Uygun L. sativus L., (8), 14/06/2002, 650 m., widespread, Uygun L. aphaca L. var. biflorus Post., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., widespread, Uygun L. aphaca L. var. modestus, (13), 30/04/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Trifolium repens L. var. repens, (12), 27/05/2003, 500 m., Uygun T. nigrescens Viv. subsp. petrisavii, (12), 27/05/2003, 500 m., Uygun T. spumosum L., (12), 26/06/2002, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun T. argutum Sol., (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun T. resupinatum L. var. macrocephalum Zoh., (12), 27/05/2003, 500 m., Uygun T. scabrum L., (11), 14/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun T. hirtum All., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., widespread, Medit. element, Uygun T. cherleri L., (12), 14/06/2002, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun

12 26. ROSACEAE 43. T. purpureum Lois. var. purpureum, (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun T. pilulare Boiss., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., Uygun T. subterraneum L., (12), 14/06/2002, 500 m., Uygun Mellilotus alba Desr., (2), 10/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Trigonella monantha C.A.Meyer subsp. monantha, (9), 12/05/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun T. monspeliaca L., (8), 16/05/2004, m., Medit. element, Uygun T. spicata Sibth&Sm., (9), 12/05/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun T. foenum-graecum L., (9), 12/05/2002, m., Uygun Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa, (7), 13/08/2003, m., widespread, Uygun M. blancheana Boiss. var. blancheana, (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun Dorycnium pentaphyllum Scop. subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss.) Gams., (5), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Uygun Lotus peregrinus L. var. peregrinus, (4), 20/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun L. corniculatus L. var. corniculatus, (4), 20/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Securigera securidaca (L.) Degen&Dörf., (11), 14/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun Coronilla scorpioides (L.) Koch., (11), 14/05/2002, m., Uygun Scorpiurus muricatus L. var. subvillosus (L.) Fiori, (13), 30/04/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun Onobrychis gracilis Beser, (2), 16/05/2004, m., Uygun O. sulphurea Boiss.&Ball. var. pallida, (4), 14/05/2002, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun O. armena Boiss.&Huet., (11), 16/05/2004, m., endemic, Uygun Ebenus laguroides Boiss. var. laguroides, (6), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Alhagi pseudoalhagi (Bieb.) Dev., (5), 28/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun A. orientalis Miller, (8), 13/04/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Rubus idaeus L., (8), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun R. sanctus Schreber, (9), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Potentilla calycina Boiss, (4), 12/05/2003, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Rosa phoenicia Boiss., (3), 26/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun R. arvensis Huds., (3), 12/08/2002, m., Uygun R. canina L., (8), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Crateagus aronia (L.) Bosch. ex DC. var.aronia, (2), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun MYRTACEAE 12

13 1. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., (8), 30/04/2001, m., Uygun PUNICACEAE 1. Punica granatum L.,(3),12/08/2002, m., Uygun ONAGRACEAE 1. Epilobium hirsutum L., (2), 10/07/2003, m., Uygun CUCURBITACEAE 1. Ecballium elaterium (L.) A.Rich, (4), 26/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun CACTACEAE 1. Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller, (5), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun CRASSULACEAE 1. Sedum litoreum Guss., (13), 06/04/2001, m., Uygun GROSSULARIACEAE 1. Ribes rubrum L., (9), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun APIACEAE (UMBELLIFERAE) 1. Actinolema eryngioides Fenzl., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur., Uygun Eryngium falcatum Delar, (3), 16/07/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun E. creticum Lam., (4), 16/07/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun E. campestre L. var. virens, (1), 10/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Echinophora tenuifolia L., subsp. sibthorpiana (Guss.) Tutin, (1), 12/08/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Scandix iberica Bieb., (12), 16/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Bifora testiculata (L.) Sprengel ex Schultes, (12), 06/04/2002, m., Uygun Kundmannia syriaca Boiss., (2), 26/06/2003, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Tordylium hasselquistiae DC., (12), 06/04/2002, m., Uygun Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm., (5), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Lisaea strigosa (Banks&Sol.), (1), 19/05/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun ARALIACEAE 13

14 1. Hedera helix L., (7), 12/08/2002, m., Uygun CORNACEAE 1. Cornus mas L., (5), 12/05/2003, m., Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun MORINACEAE 1. Morina persica L. var. decussatifolia S.Erik&N.Demirkuş, (6), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun DIPSECACEAE 1. Cephalaria setosa Boiss&Hoen., (11), 28/06/2003, , Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun C. syriaca (L.) Schrader, (3), 16/07/2003, , Uygun Knautia integrifolia (L.) Bert. var. bidens (Sm.) Borbas, (12), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Scabiosa rotata Bieb., (5), 28/06/2003, 550 m., Uygun Pterocephalus plumosus (L.) Cultermem, (4), 26/06/2003, 600 m., widespread, Uygun COMPOSITAE (ASTERACEAE) 1. Xanthium spinosum L., (8), 12/08/2002, m., cosmopolit, Uygun Asteriscus aquaticus (L.)Less, (11), 15/05/2004, m., Uygun Inula graveolens (L.) Desf., (1), 12/08/2002, m, Medit. element, Uygun Carpesium abrotanoides L., (5), 28/06/2003, 600 m., Uygun Phagnalon rupestre (L.) DC., (3), 12/05/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun P. graecum Boiss., (6)-(2) arası, 12/05/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Helichrysum chionophilum Boiss.&Ball., (1), 10/07/2003, 550 m., endemic, Uygun Bellis perennis L., (9), 28/02/2003, 550 m., Euro-Sib. element, Uygun Senecio mollis Willd., (1), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Anthemis cretica L. subsp. cassia (Boiss.) Grierson, (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Uygun A. hyalina DC., (1), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Uygun A. cotula L., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., widespread, Uygun A. tinctoria L. var. pallida DC., (12), 26/06/2003, 550 m., widespread, Uygun A. tinctoria L. var discoidea (All.) DC., (12), 26/06/2003, 550 m., Uygun Tanacetum vulgare L., (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun Matricaria chamomilla L. var. chamomilla, (13), 30/04/2003, 550 m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun M. aurea (L.) Schultz., (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., Uygun Tripleurospermum oreades (Boiss.)Rech. var oreades, (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun

15 19. T. monticolum (Boiss&Huef) Bornm., (11), 23/02/2002, 850 m., Uygun Onopordum anatolicum (Boiss.) Eig., (1), 10/07/2003, 500 m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Cirsium elodes Bieb., (9), 23/05/2002, 600 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun C. libanoticum DC. subsp. arachnoideum Davis&Parris, (8), 17/03/2003, 650 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun C. arvense (L.) Scop. subsp. vestitum (Wimmer&Grab) Petrak, (9), 19/04/2003, 650 m., Uygun Ptilostemon diacantha (Lab.) Greuter subsp. turcicus, (9), 23/05/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass., (12)-(1) arası, 26/06/2003, 6550 m., Medit. element, Uygun Centaurea virgata Lam., (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., widespread, Uygun C. spicata Boiss., (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun C. cataonica Boiss&Hausskn., (2), 12/07/2002, 600 m., endemic, Uygun C. solstitalis L. subsp. solstitalis, (8), 20/05/2003, 600 m., widespread, Uygun C. urvillei DC.subsp. urvillei, (1), 26/04/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun C. urvillei DC. subsp. nimrodis (Boiss&Hausskn.) Wagenitz., (2), 10/07/2002, m., Uygun (New for C6). 32. C. depressa Bieb., (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m., widespread, Uygun Crupina crupinastrum (Moris) Vis., (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m, Uygun Cnicus benedictus L. var. benedictus, (13), 06/04/2001, 550 m., Uygun Atractylis cancellata L., (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun - 87 (New for C6). 36. Xeranthemum annuum L., (2), 16/07/2003, , widespread, Uygun Siebera pungens (Lam.) J.Gay, (3), 16/07/2003, 650 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Echinops vaginatus Boiss.&Hausskkn., (3), 15/09/2003, 550 m., endemic, Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun Scolymus hispanicus L., (5), 28/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Cichorium pumilum Jacq., (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Medit. element, Uygun Scorzonera kotschyi Boiss., (11), 15/05/2004, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Trogopogon longirostris Bisch. ex schulz. var. longirostris, (13), 16/04/2001, m., Uygun T. dubius Scop., (11), 15/05/2004, m., Uygun (New for C6). 44. T. buphtalmoides (DC.) Boiss. var. buphtalmoides, (11), 15/05/2004, m., Uygun Leontodon crispus Vill. subsp. asper (Waldst.&Kit.) Rohl. var. asper, (13), 30/04/2003, 550 m., widespread, Uygun Picris hieracioides L., (13), 06/04/2001, , Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun Rhagadiolus stellatus (L.) Gaertner var. leiocarpus, (2), 10/07/2003, 550 m., Uygun R. stellatus (L.) Gaertner var. stellatus, (12), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Uygun Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth, (4), 17/07/2003, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun - 85 (New for C6). 15

16 50. R. glauca Matthews, (13), 06/04/2001, 600 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Pilosella verriculata (Link) Sojak, (2), 10/07/2003, 500 m., Uygun Scariola orientalis (Boiss) Sojak, (6) (2), 12/08/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Taraxacum montanum (C.&Meyer) DC., (7), 31/03/2003, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun T. aleppicum Dahlst., (3), 18/03/2004, , Medit. element, Uygun T. crepidiforme DC. subsp. crepidiforme, (7), 31/03/2003, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Crepis sancta (L.) Babcock, (6), 14/04/2003, 550 m., widespread, Uygun CAMPANULACEAE 1. Campanula involucrata Aucher ex A.DC, (4), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun C. telephioides Boiss.&Hausskn., (4), 12/08/2002, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Asyneuma amplexicaule (Willd.) Hand.-Mazz. subsp. amplexicaule var. amplexicaule, (4), 16/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Michauxia campanuloides L Herit ex Aiton, (4), 28/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun PRIMULACEAE 1. Cyclamen persicum Miller, (11), 18/03/2004, m., Medit. element, Uygun Anagallis arvensis L. var., caerulea (L.) Govan, (12), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun EBENACEAE 43. OLEACEAE 1. Diospyros kaki L., (3), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Olea europaea L. var. Europaea, (8), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun APOCYNACEAE 1. Nerium oleander L., (1), 14/04/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun CONVOLVULACEAE 1. Convolvulus dorycnium L. subsp. oxysepalus, (1), 26/06/2003, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun C. dorycnium L. subsp. dorycnium, (12), 26/06/2006, 500 m., Medit. element, Uygun C.arvensis L., (1), 19/05/2003, 500 m., Uygun C.betonicifolius Bieb. subsp. peduncularis (Boiss) Parris, (2), 10/07/2003, 600 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun

17 46. CUSCUTACEAE 1. Cuscuta planiflora Ten., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun C. brevistyla A.Braun, (3), 12/05/2002, m., Uygun BORAGINACEAE 1. Heliotropium haussknechtii Bunge, (11), 26/06/2003, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun H. myosotoides Banks&Sol., (5), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun H. eurepaeum L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill., (2), 26/06/2003, m., Euro-Sib. element, Uygun (New for C6). 5. Echium glomeratum Poiret, (13), 30/04/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun E. italicum L., (6), 26/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun E. plantagineum L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Onosma orientale (L.) L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun O. alba-roseum Fisch&Mey. var. alba-roseum, (6), 26/06/2003, m., Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun Anchusa azurea Miller var. kurdica,(6), 14/04/2003, 600 m., Uygun A. azurea Miller var. azurea, (4), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun A. strigosa Labill., Icon, (9), 28/02/2002, 600 m., Uygun A. arvensis (L.) Bieb., (4), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun Alkanna kotschyana DC., (3), 30/04/2001, , endemic, Medit. element, Uygun SOLANACEAE 1. Hyoscyamus niger L., (4), 12/05/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Nicotiana rustica L., (7), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun SCROPHULARIACEAE 1. Verbascum agrimoniifolium (C.Koch) Hub-Mor. subsp. agrimoniifolium, (9), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun V. scaposum Boiss., (5), 28/06/2003, , endemic Medit. element, Uygun V. subnivale Boiss.&Hausskn., (11), 16/07/2003, m., endemic, Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun V. germaniciae Hausskn., (9), 26/06/2003, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun V. infidelium Boiss.&Hausskn., (1), 16/05/2004, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun Anarhinum orientale Bentham, (5), 28/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element., Uygun Veronica triphyllos L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun

18 8. V. persica Poiret, (12), 30/04/2003, m., Uygun V. hederifolia L., (13), 06/04/2001, m., widespread, Uygun V. anagallis-aquatica L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun V. anagalloides Guss., (12), 30/04/2003, m., Uygun OROBANCHACEAE 1. Orobanche crenata Forsskall, (1), 10/05/2002, m., Uygun O. caryophyllacea Smith, (11), 15/05/2004, m., Uygun ACANTHACEAE 1. Acanthus dioscoridis L. var. perringii, (8), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Uygun LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE) 1. Teucrium multicaule Montbret&Aucher ex Bentham, (2), 28/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun T. polium L., (5), 30/04/2003, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun Scutellaria orientalis L.subsp. sintenisii (Hausskn.&Bornm.) Edmonton, (1), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. orientalis L. subsp. alpina (Boiss) O.Schwarz var. alpina, (11), 15/05/2004, m., widespread, Uygun Phlomis pungens Willd. var. hirta Velen, (9), 12/08/2002, m., Uygun P. linearis Boiss&Bal., (8), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Lamium aleppicum Boiss.&Hausskn., (7), 21/03/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun L. amplexicaule L., (9), 10/05/2002, m., widespread, Euro-Sib. element, Uygun Ballota nigra L. subsp. kurdica P.H.Davis, (4), 16/07/2003, m., Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun Stachys cretica L. subsp. anatolica Rech., (5), 28/06/2003, m., endemic Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. cretica L. subsp. garana (Boiss) Rech.,(11), 15/05/2004, m., Ir.-Tur. element,uygun Prunella orientalis Bornm., (4), 16/07/2003, m., Uygun Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata, (5), 28/06/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun Mentha aquatica L., (11), 12/08/2002, m., widespread, Uygun Ziziphora capitata L., (2), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Salvia tomentosa Miller., (9), 12/05/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun S. pilifera Montbreth&Aucher, (3), 15/05/2004, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. pinnata L., (11), 17/05/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun

19 19. S. multicaulis Vahl., (4), 10/05/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. syriaca L., (9), 10/05/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. viridis L., (13), 30/04/2003, 600 m., Medit. element, Uygun S. candidissima Vahl. subsp. candidissima, (4), 12/08/2002, m., Ir-Tur element, Uygun S. cilicica Boiss.&Kotschy, (9), 10/05/2002, m., endemic, Uygun (New for C6). 53. PLANTAGINACEAE 1. Plantago major L. subsp. intermedia (Gilib.) Lange, (9), 10/07/2003, 650 m., widespread, Uygun P. maritima L., (9), 16/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun (New for C6). 3. P. media L., (9), 10/07/2003, 650 m., Uygun - 55 (New for C6). 54. ELAEAGNACEAE 1. Elaeagnus angustifolia L., (8), 12/05/2003, m., Uygun ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 1. Aristolochia maurorum L., (12), 14/03/2002, 550 m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun EUPHORBIACEAE 1. Andrachne telephioides L., (1), 15/05/2004, m., widespread, Uygun Mercurialis annua L., (12), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Euphorbia hirsuta L., (2), 12/08/2002, m., Uygun E. gaillardotii Boiss.&Blanche in Boiss., (11)-(9), 15/05/2004, m., Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun E. eriophora Boiss., (2), 06/04/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun E. aleppica L., (12), 26/06/2003, , widespread, Uygun E. phymatosperma Boiss.&Gaill, (3), 16/07/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun E. szovitsii Fisch&Mey. subsp. szovitsii, (13), 06/04/2001, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun E. falcata L. subsp. falcata var. falcata, (2), 12/08/2002, m., widespread, Uygun URTICACEAE 58. MORACEAE 1. Urtica dioica L., (9), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun Morus alba L, (11), 14/04/2002, m., Uygun

20 2. M. nigra L. (11), 14/04/2002, m., Uygun Ficus carica L. subsp. carica, (7), 12/08/2003, m., Uygun Ficus carica L.subsp. rupestris, 12/08/2003, m., Uygun JUGLANDACEAE 1. Juglans regia L., (7), 12/08/2003, m., Uygun PLATANACEAE 61. FAGACEAE 1. Platanus orientalis L., (4), 12/05/2003, m., Uygun Quercus cerris L. var. cerris, (9), 12/08/2003, m., Uygun Q. coccifera L., (3), 12/08/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun S ALICACEAE 1. Salix alba L., (8), 30/04/2003, m., widespread, Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun Populus alba L., (8), 30/04/2003, m., Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun RUBIACEAE 64. ARACEAE 65. LILIACEAE 1. Asperula stricta Boiss. subsp. latibracteata (Boiss.) Ehrend., (8), 12/08/2002, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Gallium shepardii Post, (11), 12/08/2002, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun G. tricornutum Dandy, (8), 06/04/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun Arum detruncatum C.A.Meyer ex Schott var. caudatum Engler, (9), 14/04/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur element, Uygun A. dioscoridis Sm. var. luschanii R.Mill., (9), 28/02/2002, m, endemic, Medit. element, Uygun A. dioscoridis Sm. var. syriacum (Blume) Engler, (9), 28/02/2002, m., Medit. element, Uygun Asphodelus aestivus Brot., (6), 14/04/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun A. cassium Boiss., (11), 16/07/2003, m., Medit. element, Uygun A. tchihatschewii Boiss., (3), 28/06/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun A. tauricola Boiss., (11), 12/08/2002, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun

21 5. A. dictyoprasum C.A.Meyer ex Kunth., (8), 17/05/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Ornithogalum umbellatum L., (6), 14/04/2003, m., Uygun O. alpigenum Stapf, (13), 30/04/2002, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Muscari longipes Boiss., (4), 12/05/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun M. armeniacum Leicthlin ex Baker, (4), 14/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun M. neglectum Guss., (4), 14/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun M. discolor Boiss.&Hausskn., (7), 21/03/2003, m., endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Hyacinthus orientalis L. subsp. orientalis, (11), 18/03/2004, m., Medit. element, Uygun H. orientalis L. subsp. chionophilus, (11), 18/03/2004, m., endemic Uygun Tulipa armena Boiss. var. lycica, (11), 15/04/2004, m., endemic, Uygun Gagea reticulata (Pallas) Schultes&Schultes, (7), 21/03/2003, m., Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun AMARYLLIDACEAE 67. IRIDACEAE 1. Ixiolirion tataricum (Pallas) Herbert subsp. montanum (Labill.)Takth., (12), 30/04/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Iris persica L.,(11), 28/02/2002, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun I. histrio Reichb., (13), 06/04/2001, m., Medit. element, Uygun Crocus ancryensis (Herbert) Maw., (11), 28/02/2002, m., endemic, Ir.- Tur. element, Uygun C. biflorus Miller. subsp. pseudonubigena Mathew, (3), 17/05/2002, , endemic, Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Gladiolus italicus Miller, (7), 21/03/2003, m., Uygun ORCHIDACEAE 1. Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch, (4), 16/07/2003, m., Euro-Sib. element, Uygun Ophrys cilicica Schlechter, (4), 15/04/2004, m., endemic, Medit. element, Uygun TYPHACEAE 1. Typha laxmanii Lepechin, (13), 06/06/2002, m., Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun JUNCACEAE 21

22 1. Juncus bufonius L., (13), 30/04/2001, m., cosmopolit, Uygun CYPERACEAE 1. Cyperus longus L., (13), 06/06/2002, m., widespread, Uygun C. fuscus L., (12), 16/07/2003, m., Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun Carex divulsa Stokes subsp. divulsa, (12), 19/03/2002, m., Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun C. divisa Hudson, (13), 06/04/2001, m., widespread, Uygun C. pendula Hudson, (12), 08/04/2002, m., Uygun POACEAE (GRAMINEAE) 1. Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis subsp. podpyerae (Nab.) Melderis, (3), 16/07/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Aegilops umbellulata Zhukovsky subsp. umbellulata, (8), 12/05/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun Triticum aestivum L., (5), 12/05/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Hordeum bulbosum L., (3), 26/06/2003, m, widespread, Uygun H. spontaneum C.Koch, (3), 12/08/2002, m, Ir.-Tur. element (New for C6). 6. Bromus squarrosus L., (2), 28/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun B. danthoniae Trim., (5), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun Avena eriantha Duriev, (7), 21/04/2002, m., Uygun A. sativa L., (6), 26/06/2003, m., Uygun Rostraria cristata (L.) Tzvelev var. cristata, (4), 12/05/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf., (8), 14/06/2004, m., widespread, Uygun Vulpia unilateralis (L.) Stace, (4), 14/06/2004, m., widespread, Uygun Psilurus incurvus (Govan) Schinz&Thell., (4), 16/07/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Poa pratensis L., (9), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun P. angustifolia L., (4), 12/08/2003, m., widespread, Uygun P. bulbosa L., (11), 12/05/2003, m., Uygun Briza humilis Bieb., (6), 26/06/2003, m., widespread, Uygun Echinaria capitata (L.) Desf., (13), 06/04/2001, m., widespread, Uygun Stipa capensis Thunb., (2), 12/05/2003, m, Medit. element, Uygun S. ehrenbergiana Trin.&Rupr., (7), 28/06/2003, m., Ir.-Tur. element, Uygun S. pontica P.Smirnov, (6), 28/06/2003, m., Uygun Phragmithes australis (Cav.) Trin ex Steudel, (13), 12/08/2002, m., widespread, Euro.-Sib. element, Uygun Crypsis alopecuroides (Piller&Mitterp) Schader, (12), 12/05/2002, m., Uygun C. schnoenoides (L.) Lam., (12), 12/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun

23 25. Sorghum. halepense (L.) Pers. var. muticum (Hackel) Grossh., (8), 17/05/2002, m., widespread, Uygun 234. Appendix B Cultivated Plant List 1. Phaseolus vulgaris L. 2. Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. 3. Cicer arietinum L. 4. Vicia faba L. 5. Prunus x domestica L. 6. Cerasus avium (L.) Moench. 7. C. vulgaris Miller. 8. Armeniaca vulgaris Miller. 9. Persica vulgaris Miller. 10. Amygdalus communis L. 11. Fragaria x ananassa Duchense 12. Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. 13. Cydonia oblanga Miller. 14. Malus sylvestris Miller subsp. mitis (Wallr.) Monsf. 15. Pyrus communis L.subsp. communis 16. Citrillus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum&Nakai 17. Cucurbita pepo L. 18. C.sativus L. 19. Cucumis melo L. 20. Petroselinum crispum (Miller)A.W.Hill. 21. Helianthus annuus L. 22. Solanum melongena L. 23. S. tuberosum L. 24. Capsicum annuum L. 25. Lycopersicon esculentum Miller. 26. Allium cepa L. 27. A. sativum L. 28. Triticum durum Desf. 29. H. vulgare L. 30. Sorghum bicolor (L.), Moench cv.cernuum 31. Zea mays L. 23