BÜYÜME FAKTÖRLERİ
Büyüme faktörleri Polipeptid yapıda, endojen solubl faktörler Farklı nöronlar, farklı büyüme faktörleri için reseptör ekspresse ederler Hücrenin yaşamasını,gelişmesini, farklılaşmasını ve sinapsların stabilizasyonunu sağlarlar
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth proliferation cellular differentiation. Stimulates cell cycle from G0 phase to G1 phase
Adrenomedullin (AM) Angiopoietin (Ang) Autocrine motility factor Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Epidermal growth factor (EGF) Erythropoietin (EPO) Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM- CSF) Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) Migration-stimulating factor Myostatin (GDF-8) Nerve growth factor (NGF) and other neurotrophins Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) Thrombopoietin (TPO) Transforming growth factor alpha(tgf-α) Transforming growth factor beta(tgf-β) Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha(TNF-α) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Wnt Signaling Pathway placental growth factor (PlGF) [(Foetal Bovine Somatotrophin)] (FBS)
IL-1- Cofactor for IL-3 and IL-6. Activates T cells. IL-2- T-cell growth factor. Stimulates IL-1 synthesis. Activates B-cells and NK cells. IL-3- Stimulates production of all non-lymphoid cells. IL-4- Growth factor for activated B cells, resting T cells, and mast cells. IL-5- Induces differentiation of activated B cells and eosinophils. IL-6- Stimulates Ig synthesis. Growth factor for plasma cells. IL-7- Growth factor for pre-b cells.
Factor Principal Source Primary Activity Comments PDGF platelets, endothelial cells, placenta promotes proliferation of connective tissue, glial and smooth muscle cells two different protein chains form 3 distinct dimer forms; AA, AB and BB EGF submaxillary gland, Brunners gland promotes proliferation of mesenchymal, glial and epithelial cells TGF-α common in transformed cells may be important for normal wound healing related to EGF FGF wide range of cells; protein is associated with the ECM promotes proliferation of many cells; inhibits some stem cells; induces mesoderm to form in early embryos at least 18 family members, 5 distinct receptors NGF mast cells, eosinophils, bone marrow stromal cells, keratinocytes promotes neurite outgrowth and neural cell survival member of a family of proteins termed neurotrophins that promote proliferation and survival of neurons; neurotrophin receptors are a class of related proteins first identified as proto-oncogenes: TrkA
Factor Principal Source Primary Activity Comments Erythrop oietin kidney promotes proliferation and differentiation of erythrocytes TGF-β activated Th1 cells (Thelper) and natural killer (NK) cells anti-inflammatory (suppresses cytokine production and class II MHC expression), promotes wound healing, inhibits macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation at least 100 different family members IGF-1 primarily liver promotes proliferation of many cell types related to IGF-2 and proinsulin, also called somatomedin C IGF-2 variety of cells promotes proliferation of many cell types primarily of fetal origin related to IGF-1 and proinsulin
Neurotrophins Neurokines Fibroblast growth factors Transforming growth factor superfamily Epidermal growth factor superfamily Other growth factors Nerve growth factor (NGF) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Neurotrophin 3 (NT3) Neurotrophin 4/5 (NT4/5) Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) FGF-1 FGF-2 Transforming growth factors (TGF ) Bone morphogenetic factors (BMPs) Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) Neurturin Epidermal growth factor (EGF) Transforming growth factor (TGF ) Neuregilins Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)
Nörotrofinler Nöron yaşamı ve ölümü Sinaps stabilizasyonu ve eliminasyonu Büyüme ve küçülme süreçleri
Sinir büyüme faktörü (Nerve growth factor= NGF) Beyin kökenli nörotrofik faktör (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor= BDNF) Nörotrofin-3 (NT-3) Nörotrofin-4/5 (NT-4/5) Nörotrofin-6 (NT-6) Değiştirici büyüme faktörü- 3 (Transforming growth factor- 3= TGF- 3) Temel fibroblast büyüme faktörü (Basic fibroblast growth factor=bfgf) Asidik fibroblast büyüme faktörü (afgf) Glia kökenli nörotrofik faktör (Glial-derived neurotrophic factor= GDNF) Siliar nörotrofik faktör (CNTF) Kolinerjik gelişme faktörü (Cholinergic development factor= CDF) Platelet kökenli nörotrofik faktör (Platelet-derived neurotrophic factor= PDNF) Insüline bağımlı büyüme faktörü (Insulin-dependent growth factor= IDGF) Epidermal büyüme faktörü (Epidermal growth factor= EGF) Proaptotik reseptörler (P75) Antiaptotik reseptörler (TrkA) Nörotrofik Faktörler Carvey, 1998: Stahl, 2000; Sah ve diğ., 2003
Nörotrofin reseptörleri Yaşamı sürdürme Hücre farklılaşması TRK sinyali P75